【正文】 I 出租車計(jì)價系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 本論文在掌握出租車計(jì)價器的相關(guān)理論知識的基礎(chǔ)上，設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于單片機(jī)的智能化出租車計(jì)價器。在深入了解國內(nèi)外相關(guān)技術(shù)研究現(xiàn)狀之后，從硬件和軟件兩方面出發(fā)，完成了出租車計(jì)價系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。本課題具有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 系統(tǒng)采用 AT89C51 單片機(jī)作為主控單元，實(shí)現(xiàn)時鐘顯示，里程統(tǒng)計(jì)和費(fèi)用計(jì)算，語音播報(bào)，票據(jù)打印等功能，并且在液晶屏上顯示信息。系統(tǒng)充分發(fā)揮人性化的特點(diǎn)，利用 ISD1420 的語音功能，配合 TG12864E 液晶模組，模擬實(shí)現(xiàn)帶語音提示的出租車計(jì)價系統(tǒng)。比較真實(shí)地模擬出租車 的空車、載客、到站及對各狀況的費(fèi)率的計(jì)算、統(tǒng)計(jì)、顯示等功能。完成了系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì)，同時用 C語言編寫了源程序，對系統(tǒng)的軟件進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)。 系統(tǒng)所設(shè)計(jì)的由單片機(jī)控制的出租車計(jì)價器，為出租車行業(yè)提供了新的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域，使計(jì)費(fèi)功能得到了完善。 關(guān)鍵詞： AT89C51 單片機(jī) ； TG12864E 液晶模組； C 語言 出租車計(jì) 價系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) II Design of Taximeter System Abstract This paper is on the design and function of a kind of intelligent taximeter I designed based on MCU,according to relevant theories of taximeter system is designed from the points of both hardware and software,on the basis of indepth understanding of relevant domestic and foreign technology research. This issue has a practical significance. AT89C51 MCU used as a main control unit, this system has the function of displaying the clock, mileage statistics and cost, voicebroadcasting, printing papers, the information of which will be displayed on the LCD screen. From the point of hardware,this system gives the driver and the passengers relevant information about the conditions of the taxi and the different charging rates and charges on different condition by simulating human voice with the voice funtion of ISD1420 , the TG12864E LCD modules, and by simulating the real the point of software,the system is loaded with program in Clanguage. This kind of taximeter provides a new application area for the taxi industry and improves the billing functions. Key Words： AT89C51 MCU； TG12864E LCD Module； C Language III 目 錄 摘 要 ..................................................................................................................................... I Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... II 引 言 .................................................................................................................................... 1 1 緒論 ...................................................................................................................................... 2 出租車計(jì)價器的發(fā)展概況 ....................................................................................... 2 出 租車行業(yè)的管理現(xiàn)狀 ........................................................................................... 2 計(jì)價器設(shè)計(jì)需要解決的問題 ................................................................................... 3 2 系統(tǒng)總體介紹 ...................................................................................................................... 4 系統(tǒng)組成 ................................................................................................................... 4 系統(tǒng)各部分功能 ....................................................................................................... 4 里程計(jì)量功能 ................................................................................................ 4 費(fèi)用計(jì)算功能 ................................................................................................ 5 語音播報(bào)功能 ................................................................................................ 5 中文菜單顯示功能 ........................................................................................ 5 實(shí)時時鐘功能 ................................................................................................ 6 票據(jù)打印功能 ................................................................................................ 6 按鍵功能 ........................................................................................................ 6 3 系統(tǒng)硬件電路設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................................................. 7 控制單元及相關(guān)擴(kuò)展電路設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................... 7 AT89C51 的引腳 ........................................................................................... 7 振蕩器電路 .................................................................................................... 8 里程計(jì)算與計(jì)價單元的設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................... 10 擴(kuò)展存儲器的設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................... 11 擴(kuò)展 I/O 接口的設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................... 14 時鐘模塊 ................................................................................................................. 17 DS12887 時鐘芯片的性能及引腳說明 ...................................................... 17 AT89C51 與 DS12887 的接口設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................ 19 語音播放模塊 ......................................................................................................... 21 ISD1420 芯片的引腳功能及性能 ............................................................ 21 ISD1420 芯片與 AT89C51 的接口電路 ..................................................... 23 液晶顯示驅(qū)動模塊 ................................................................................................. 24 出租車計(jì) 價系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) IV TG12864E 液晶模組的功能 ....................................................................... 24 外形尺寸圖 .................................................................................................. 24 結(jié)構(gòu)框圖 ...................................................................................................... 24 模塊的外部接口 .......................................................................................... 25 液晶顯示驅(qū)動模塊電路圖 .......................................................................... 26 票據(jù)打印模塊 ......................................................................................................... 27 打印機(jī)的選擇 ...........................