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基于加速度傳感器的人體運(yùn)動(dòng)信息采集系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)(已修改)

2025-09-09 13:35 本頁(yè)面
 

【正文】 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書 基于 加速度傳感器的人體運(yùn)動(dòng)信息 采集系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué)生姓名: 學(xué)號(hào): 學(xué) 院: 專 業(yè): 指導(dǎo)教師: 2020 年 6 月 基于加速度傳感器的人體運(yùn)動(dòng)信息采集系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 摘要 人類運(yùn)動(dòng)與人體健康息息相關(guān),一直以來(lái)受到人們的廣泛關(guān)注,隨著運(yùn)動(dòng)生物力學(xué)、人體測(cè)量學(xué)的發(fā) 展,人們對(duì)人體運(yùn)動(dòng)的研究日益深入。本文以運(yùn)動(dòng)生物力學(xué)理論為基礎(chǔ),對(duì)人體運(yùn)動(dòng)參數(shù)的測(cè)量和分析方法進(jìn)行了研究,主要目的在于探索運(yùn)動(dòng)生物力學(xué)參數(shù)之間的關(guān)系,通過(guò)運(yùn)動(dòng)生物力學(xué)參數(shù)的測(cè)量、分析揭示人體運(yùn)動(dòng)的規(guī)律,在人體姿態(tài)識(shí)別、體育訓(xùn)練等方面提供理論指導(dǎo)。 在對(duì)人體結(jié)構(gòu)及人體運(yùn)動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了介紹和總結(jié)的基礎(chǔ)上,為了便于人體運(yùn)動(dòng)研究,建立了人體運(yùn)動(dòng)的棒狀模型及便于分析計(jì)算的人體坐標(biāo)系。通過(guò)對(duì)常用人體運(yùn)動(dòng)參數(shù)測(cè)量方法的分析,提出了利用加速度參數(shù)進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)測(cè)量和分析的方法。應(yīng)用加速度傳感器實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)肢體運(yùn)動(dòng)的測(cè)量,并利用加速度 參數(shù)與速度、位移等參數(shù)之間的數(shù)學(xué)關(guān)系實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)其它運(yùn)動(dòng)參數(shù)的求解,從而對(duì)人體運(yùn)動(dòng)的姿態(tài)、動(dòng)作軌跡等進(jìn)行分析。 自行 設(shè)計(jì) 了運(yùn)動(dòng)采集系統(tǒng),系統(tǒng)分為信號(hào)采集單元與數(shù)據(jù)處理單元兩個(gè)部分,以 ARM三軸加速度計(jì) ADXL330 為核心,可實(shí)現(xiàn)最多 5 個(gè)傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)的信息采集及數(shù)據(jù)分析。在對(duì)系統(tǒng)完成性能測(cè)試的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行了運(yùn)動(dòng)測(cè)量的實(shí)驗(yàn),并將其應(yīng)用到電腦游戲的控制中進(jìn)行可靠性的測(cè)試,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了利用運(yùn)動(dòng)信息采集系統(tǒng)對(duì)人體運(yùn)動(dòng)信息進(jìn)行采集和分析的方法是可行的。 利用加速度參數(shù)對(duì)人體簡(jiǎn)單運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)行分析的方法方便可行,但在復(fù)雜運(yùn) 動(dòng)的分析中,則需要更多的信息進(jìn)行綜合分析。因此,對(duì)于人體運(yùn)動(dòng)的研究,應(yīng)綜合多種方法,盡可能獲取更多的信息,以使得人體運(yùn)動(dòng)分析更加科學(xué)、合理。 關(guān)鍵詞 : 運(yùn)動(dòng)生物力學(xué) , 人體模型 , 運(yùn)動(dòng)信息采集 , 加速度傳感器 , 運(yùn)動(dòng)測(cè)量 Design of Human Motion Information Collection System Based on Acceleration Sensor ABSTRACT Human has always paid broad attention to body motion relating close to human health. With the development of motion biomechanics and anthropometry, people have increasingly deeply studied human body motion. The paper focuses on the measurement of body motion parameters and analysis method of body motion based on the theory of motion biomechanics. The contents involve the study on the relationship between parameters of motion biomechanics, the analysis of the law of body motion by measuring motion biomechanics parameters to provide theoretical guidance for recognition of human gesture, physical training, and so on. Human structure and characteristics of body motion are analyzed and summarized,on the basis of which rod model and coordinate system of human body are built to provide convenience for the study of body motion. The method of measuring body motion with acceleration sensor is presented with the analysis of mon measurement method of body motion parameters. The measurement of extremity is performed by acceleration sensor。 other motion parameters are solved by the mathematical relationship between acceleration parameter and velocity, displacement,etc.. Thereby, motion gesture and action trace of human body can be analyzed. A system which consists of signal collection unit and data processing unit is developed to plete collection and data analysis from the motion information at most 5 sensor work nodes using ARM7 and ADXL330. The experiments of motion measurement are done on the basis of performing the testing of system performance,and the system is applied in puter game for the reliability testing. The results show that collecting and analyzing motion information of human body by the system is a feasible method. The analysis of simple body motion using acceleration parameter is a convenient and feasible method. But more information is required to be analyzed synthetically in the plex motion. Therefore, it is necessary for the study of body motion to synthesize a variety of methods and obtain as much information as possible, which makes the analysis of body motion more scientific and rational. Key Words : Motion biomechanics, Body motion model, Collection of motion information, Acceleration sensor, Motion Measure men 清華 大學(xué) 2020 屆畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書 第 I 頁(yè) 共 II 頁(yè) 目錄 1 緒 論 ............................................................... 1 1. 1 課題研究的背景、目的和意義 ...................... 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書簽。 課題研究背景 ................................... 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書簽。 課程研究目 的及意義 ............................. 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書簽。 1. 2 人體運(yùn)動(dòng)信息采集及應(yīng)用的發(fā)展與現(xiàn)狀 .............. 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書簽。 人類對(duì)人體運(yùn)動(dòng)研究的發(fā)展歷程 ................................... 2 人體運(yùn)動(dòng)信息的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀 ......................................... 3 有關(guān)人體運(yùn)動(dòng)信息研究的應(yīng)用 ..................................... 4 1. 3 論文的主要工作和章節(jié)安排 ........................................ 5 2 人體運(yùn)動(dòng)信息采集與分析的理論基礎(chǔ) ................................... 7 2. 1 運(yùn)動(dòng)生物力學(xué)的相關(guān)理論 .......................................... 7 運(yùn)動(dòng)生物力學(xué)的基本運(yùn)動(dòng)參數(shù) ..................................... 7 運(yùn)動(dòng)生物力學(xué)的測(cè)量方法 ......................................... 7 2. 2 人體生理結(jié)構(gòu)及運(yùn)動(dòng)特點(diǎn) .......................................... 8 人體關(guān)節(jié)、環(huán)節(jié)的運(yùn)動(dòng) ........................................... 8 人體運(yùn) 動(dòng)的特點(diǎn) ................................................. 8 2. 3 人體運(yùn)動(dòng)模型的建立 .............................................. 9 人體的棒狀模型 ................................................. 9 人體運(yùn)動(dòng)坐標(biāo)系的建立 .......................................... 10 2. 4 小結(jié) ........................................................... 12 3 人體運(yùn)動(dòng)信息采集與分析的方法 ...................................... 13 3. 1 人體運(yùn)動(dòng)信息采集的方法 ......................................... 13 光學(xué)測(cè)量方法 .................................................. 13 非電量電測(cè)法 .................................................. 14 肌電信號(hào)測(cè)量法 ................................................ 14 3. 2 基于加速度傳感器的運(yùn)動(dòng)信息采集與分析 .......................... 15 3. 3 小結(jié) ........................................................... 16 清華 大學(xué) 2020 屆畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書 第 II 頁(yè) 共 II 頁(yè) 4 人體運(yùn)動(dòng)信息采集系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) ........................................ 18 4. 1 系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì) ................................................... 18 4. 2 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì) ................................................... 19 信號(hào)采集單元電路設(shè)計(jì) .......................................... 19 數(shù)據(jù)處理單元電路設(shè)計(jì) .......................................... 23 4. 3 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) ................................................... 28 信號(hào)采集單元程序設(shè)計(jì) .......................................... 28 數(shù)據(jù)處理單元程序設(shè)計(jì) .......................................... 30 4. 4 本章小結(jié) ....................................................... 33 5 結(jié)論 .............................................................. 34 附錄 ................................................................ 36 參考文獻(xiàn) .
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