【正文】 畢業(yè)論文 題 目 分子電子學(xué)中的碳基材料 學(xué) 院 物理科學(xué)與技術(shù)學(xué)院 專 業(yè) 物理學(xué) 班 級 0901 學(xué) 生 趙小明 學(xué) 號 20200922155 指導(dǎo)教師 趙 朋 二〇一三 年 五 月 十二 日 濟南大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文 I 摘 要 伴隨著日益復(fù)雜的電子技術(shù)產(chǎn)品的發(fā)展，過去自上而下都依賴的硅基技術(shù)正面臨著技術(shù)方面和物理方面的雙層挑戰(zhàn)。在采用自下向上的方法建設(shè)電子電路時，碳基納米材料是非常好的候選材料，因為它們有半導(dǎo)體的特性并且物理尺寸很小，可以用于建立電子連接。例如有獨特的電子性質(zhì)的富勒烯，已經(jīng)允許在建設(shè)分子整流器和晶體三極管時，可以以多種狀態(tài)存在。碳納米管在建設(shè)分子電路和場效應(yīng)晶體管方面具有很大的潛力。另一方面，石墨烯不僅是代替 ITO 組成透明電極的最有前景 的材料，同時它也展現(xiàn)了它的量子霍爾效應(yīng)和電導(dǎo)特性。本論文主要體現(xiàn)了碳納米材料在分子電子學(xué)中最近的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 碳納米材料；分子電導(dǎo)；分子電子學(xué)；單分子電子器件 濟南大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文 II ABSTRACT As the growing plexity of electronic devices, the topdown method used with silicon based technology is facing both technological and physical challenges. Carbonbased nanomaterials are good candidates to be used in the development of electronic circuitry using the bottomup approach, because they have semiconductor properties and dimensions within the required physical limit to construct electrical connections. For example, the unique electronic properties of fullerenes have made the construction of molecular rectifiers and molecular transistors that can work with more than two logical states. Carbon nanotubes have shown their values to be used in the construction of molecular wires and FET transistors that can operate in the THz frequency bias range. On the other hand, graphene is not only the most promising material for replacing ITO in the construction of transparent electrodes but it has also shown quantum Hall effect and quantum conductance properties that depend upon the edges or chemical doping. The purpose of this work is to present recent developments on the utilization carbon nanomaterials in molecular electronics. Keywords： Carbon nanomaterials； Molecular conductance； Molecular electronics； Unimolecular electronic devices 濟南大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文 III 目 錄 摘要 ........................................................................................................................................ I ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................ II 1 前言 ................................................................................................................................... 1 碳納米材料的類型和形狀 .....................................................................................2 2 富勒烯 ................................................................................................................................3 富勒烯的制備 ..........................................................................................................3 富勒烯的氧化還原性能 .........................................................................................4 單個富勒烯分子的電子輸運性質(zhì) .........................................................................5 富勒烯單分子器件 .................................................................................................6 分子導(dǎo)線和供體 受體系統(tǒng) .........................................................................6 分子整流管 ..................................................................................................8 晶體管 ..........................................................................................................8 總結(jié)與未來的方向 .........................................................................................9 3 碳納米管 ..........................................................................................................................10 碳納米管的制備和提純 .......................................................................................10 碳納米 管的電化學(xué)性質(zhì) .......................................................................................10 碳納米管的電荷傳輸性質(zhì) .........................................