【正文】 本科畢業(yè)設計（論文）說明書 基于 LabVIEW 的圖像測量分析系統(tǒng)設計 學 院 專業(yè)班級 學生姓名 學生學號 指導教師 提交日期 I 摘 要 機器視覺作為多學科的交叉領域，有著越來越 廣泛的應用，虛擬儀器能夠很好的滿足視覺系統(tǒng)的實時性和精度要求，二者結合具有突出的實用性，基于虛擬儀器的機器視覺系統(tǒng)具有必要性和可行性，同時也降低硬件設備成本且具有高精度，非接觸，以及高自動化的特點。接下來本文介紹了虛擬儀器的軟件開發(fā)平臺LabVIEW(Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench) 以及LabVIEVV 視覺軟件模塊 IMAQ Vision(Image Acquisition System Vision)，并在此基礎上開發(fā)了目標圖像測量分析 系統(tǒng)。 按照機器視覺系統(tǒng)的邏輯結構，圖像分析系統(tǒng)是機器視覺的重要組成成分，本文接著探討了目標圖像采集后的預處理過程及圖像分割技術和方法，在此基礎上探討了本文機器視覺系統(tǒng)圖像測量分析系統(tǒng)的設計方法，基于模塊化的編程思路，最后實現了“基于 LabVIEW 的圖像測量分析系統(tǒng)設計”的設計，包括系統(tǒng)軟件的設計，仿真的制作，以便能為以后機器視覺系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)借鑒，最終完成的系統(tǒng)具有擴展性，可靠性和精確性好等特點。 關鍵詞 :機器視覺；虛擬儀器； LabVIEW； IMAQ Vision；測量分析 II ABSTRACT As a multidisciplinary cross field, Machine Vision has been applied more and more widely. Virtual instruments can well fulfill the requirement of real time and precision whose bination possesses an outstanding practicability. Machine Vision System which is based on the virtual instruments is necessary and feasible。 at the same time, it reduces the hardware device costs. What39。s more, Machine Vision System is featured with high precision, high automation and noncontact. This paper introduces the mon development platform of virtual instruments LabVIEW and its visual software module IMAQ Vision (Image Acquisition System Vision). Based on that, developing the Target Image Acquisition System Based on the logical structure of image measurement and analysis system, the Target Image Acquisition System is an important part of machine vision. Then this paper discusses the preprocessing procedure after the acquisition of image, as well as the technology and methods of image segmentation, which is the base for the design methods of Machine System and Acquisition System in this with the Modular programming ideas, I finally acplish the design of image measurement and analysis system based on labview, including the design of the system39。s whole hardware and software. This paper mainly explores two ways for image segmentation: threshold and edge detection. It pares those two ways and analyzes their own applications and features,through a system designed by myself, and analyzed the processing results from the edge detection operator of IMAQ Vision. Those results can be used for the future development of Machine Vision System. The final system is characterized with good expansibility, reliability and accuracy. KEYWORDS: Machine vision； Virtual instruments； LabVIEW； IMAQ Vision；Measurement and Analysis 目錄 摘 要 .............................................................................................................................. I ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................... II 第一章 緒論 .................................................................................................................. 1 研究目的及意義 .................................................................................................... 1 機器視覺中的圖像采集系統(tǒng) ................................................................................ 2 數字圖 像處理技術的發(fā)展歷史 ............................................................................ 3 關于 LABVIEW 機器視覺的現狀及發(fā)展趨勢 ........................................................ 5 國內外研究現狀及技術難題 ............................................................................... 6 第二章 虛 擬儀器技術 ................................................................................................. 8 基于虛擬儀器的機器視覺系統(tǒng) ........................................................................... 8 虛擬儀器 VI 開發(fā)軟件 LABVIEW ........................................................................... 8 虛擬儀器視覺軟件模 塊 IMAQ VISION .............................................................. 10 IMAQ Vision 的主要特點 ........................................................................ 11 小結 ....................................................................................................................... 12 第三章 基于 LABVIEW 的圖像測量分析系統(tǒng)總體設計 ...................................... 13 引言 ....................................................................................................................... 13 搭建機器視覺處理平臺 ...................................................................................... 13 選擇光源 .............................................................................................................. 13 相機的選擇 .......................................................................................................... 14 基于圖像采集卡的 SNAP 操作 ........................................................................... 14 圖像處理軟件 ...................................................................................................... 16 讀取圖像 .................................................................................................... 17 顯示圖像 .................................................................................................... 18 定義并創(chuàng)建有效的模板圖像 .................................................................... 19 定義搜索區(qū)域 ............................................................................................ 20 圖像抓取 .................................................................................................... 21 邊緣的確定 ................................................................................................ 23 點位之間的多種位置計算。 .................................................................... 23 圖像處理地位方法 .................................................................................... 24 邏輯判斷 .........................................................