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脫丙烷精餾塔設(shè)計(jì)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)(已修改)

2024-09-12 21:59 本頁(yè)面
 

【正文】 吉林化工學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū) I 摘 要 化工生產(chǎn)中做處理的原料、中間產(chǎn)物有若干組分組成的混合物,在化工、煉油、醫(yī)藥、食品即環(huán)境保護(hù)等工業(yè)部門(mén),精餾過(guò)程在能量計(jì)的驅(qū)動(dòng)下,氣液兩相多次直接接觸和分離,利用氣液兩相各相份揮發(fā)度不同時(shí)揮發(fā)組分由液相向氣相轉(zhuǎn)移,實(shí)現(xiàn)原料混合物中各組分同時(shí)進(jìn)行傳質(zhì)傳熱過(guò)程。塔設(shè)備是一種重要的單元操作設(shè)備。它的應(yīng)用面廣、量大。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),塔設(shè)備無(wú)論其投資費(fèi)用還是所消耗的鋼材重量,在整個(gè)過(guò)程設(shè)備中的比例都相當(dāng)高。例如,在化纖裝置中,塔設(shè)備投資比例為 %;而在年產(chǎn) 萬(wàn)噸丁二烯裝置中,塔設(shè)備重量的比例高達(dá) 54%之 多。隨著石油、化工的迅速發(fā)展,塔設(shè)備的合理造型及設(shè)計(jì)將越來(lái)越受到關(guān)注和重視。 化工生產(chǎn)常需要進(jìn)行液體混合物的分離已達(dá)到提純或回收有用組分的目的?;ト芤后w的分離有多種方法,精餾就是其中最常用的一種。精餾塔是一種利用兩組分的揮發(fā)度差異實(shí)現(xiàn)連續(xù)的高純度分離的設(shè)備。其中,回流是構(gòu)成氣、液兩相接觸傳質(zhì)的必要條件,也是精餾之區(qū)別于蒸餾所在。 本文設(shè)計(jì)的是脫丙烷精餾塔。首先,根據(jù)已知的產(chǎn)品回收率進(jìn)行了工藝計(jì)算,包括流程的確定、物料衡算、最小回流比的確定、最小理論塔板數(shù)的確定、塔板效率和實(shí)際塔板數(shù)的確定等。然后對(duì)其結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行 了設(shè)計(jì)并得出流體力學(xué)計(jì)算結(jié)果。綜合以上設(shè)計(jì)及計(jì)算又得到塔的負(fù)荷性能圖,以便對(duì)其性能有一個(gè)直觀的了解。本文最后對(duì)塔的附件進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)并按照有關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)其主要的部件進(jìn)行強(qiáng)度和穩(wěn)定性校核。在完整地確定出結(jié)構(gòu)和尺寸后,利用 pore 繪制了塔的主要零件圖和塔的整體結(jié)構(gòu)圖。 關(guān)鍵詞: 精餾塔;工藝 。 校核 趙新:脫丙烷精餾塔設(shè)計(jì) ( C3產(chǎn)品濃度 99%) II Abstract Tower is an important unit operation equipment in industries such as chemical engineering, oil refining, medicine, food and environmental protection. It is used widely. According to statistics, tower equipment, regardless of their investment costs or the amount of steel or the weight of equipment in the process, accounts for very high proportion. For example, in the fiber installations, the tower facility investment ratio is %. In an annual output of 45,000 tons of butadiene units, the ratio of the weight of tower equipment is as much as 54%.With the development of the petroleum, chemical industry is developing rapidly, reasonable design of the power will bee more and more concerned. Chemical production often requires the separation of liquid mixtures that have reached useful ponent purification or recovery purposes. There are many ways of liquid separating. Distillation is one of the most monly used. The use of distillation column is a twopoint difference in the achievement of continuous volatility of the separation of highpurity equipment. Among them, the return constitutes a gas, liquid twophase mass transfer contact with the necessary conditions for the distillation is distilled from the host. Propane from distillation is designed in this article. First of all, the basis of known products of the process is used to calculate the recovery rate. Including the identification process, material balance, the determination of the minimum reflux ratio, the minimum theoretical plate number of the identified tray efficiency and the actual determination of the number plate. And then calculation of bear fruit designing have been carried out and reaching hydromechanics on structure. The function designing and calculating the load getting a tower above synthesis is pursued. Finally, the tower accessories are designed and proofread according to carrying out the intensity and the stability on those main ponents in connection with the standard the main body of a book. Overall structural drawing in the picture and tower ascertaining out structure and the dimension queen have been drawn by making use of pore. Key Words: distillation。 technology。check 吉林化工學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū) III 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)原創(chuàng)性聲明和使用授權(quán)說(shuō)明 原創(chuàng)性聲明 本人鄭重承諾:所呈交的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文),是我個(gè)人在指導(dǎo)教師的指導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行的研究工作及取得的成果。盡我所知,除文中特別加以標(biāo)注和致謝的地方外,不包含其他人或組織已經(jīng)發(fā)表或公布過(guò)的研究成果,也不包含我為獲得 及其它教育機(jī)構(gòu)的學(xué)位或?qū)W歷而使用過(guò)的材料。對(duì)本研究提供過(guò)幫助和做出過(guò)貢獻(xiàn)的個(gè)人或集體,均已在文中作了明確的說(shuō)明并表示了謝意。 作 者 簽 名: 日 期: 指導(dǎo)教師簽名: 日 期: 使用授權(quán)說(shuō)明 本人完全了解 大學(xué)關(guān)于收集、保存、使用畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)的規(guī)定,即:按照學(xué)校要求提交畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)的印刷本和電子版本;學(xué)校有權(quán)保存畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)的印刷本和電子版,并提供目錄檢索與閱覽服務(wù);學(xué)??梢圆捎糜坝?、縮印、數(shù)字化或其它復(fù)制手段保存論文;在不以贏利為目的前提下,學(xué)??梢怨颊撐牡牟糠只蛉?jī)?nèi)容。 作者簽名: 日 期: 趙新:脫丙烷精餾塔設(shè)計(jì) ( C3產(chǎn)品濃度 99%) IV 目 錄 摘 要 I Abstract II 第 1 章 緒 論 1 第二章 工藝計(jì)算 3 流程的確定 3 物料衡算 3 進(jìn)料組成 3 進(jìn)料速度 4 進(jìn)料溫度及壓力的確定 4 各組分在塔頂和塔底的分配 5 計(jì)算各組分相對(duì)揮發(fā)度 5 各組分在塔頂和塔底的分配 5 塔頂、塔底壓力和溫度的確定 6 塔頂壓力和溫度的確定 6 塔底壓力和溫度的確定 6 回流 和溫度的確定 7 最小回流比計(jì)算 7 最小理論塔板數(shù)計(jì)算 8 適宜回流比和理論塔板數(shù)確定 8 塔板效率和實(shí)際塔板數(shù)的確定 9 進(jìn)料板位置確定 1
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