【正文】 關(guān)鍵詞：非離子表面活性劑 希夫堿 吸附 表面張力 緩蝕 緩蝕速率 緩蝕效率 a b s t r a c t A novel series of selfassembled nonionic Schiff base amphiphiles was synthesized and their chemical structures were confirmed using elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy and 1H NMR spectra. The surface activities of these amphiphiles were determined based on the data of surface and interfacial tension, critical micelle concentration, effectiveness, efficiency, maximum surface excess and minimum surface area. Thermodynamics of adsorption and micellization processes of these amphiphiles in their solutions were also calculated. The surface and thermodynamic data showed their higher tendency towards adsorption at the interfaces. The synthesized amphiphiles were evaluated as corrosion inhibitors for aluminum (3SR) at different doses (400– 10 ppm) in acidic medium (4N HCl) using weight loss and hydrogen evolution techniques. The corrosion measurements showed that the synthesized nonionic Schiff bases could serve as effective corrosion inhibitors. The surface and corrosion inhibition activities were correlated to the chemical structures of the inhibitors. 摘要 一種新型系列自組裝非離子型兩親 Schiff堿被合成，它們的化學結(jié)構(gòu)用元素分析法確定，紅外光譜和核磁共振氫譜。這些兩親分子的表面活性的確定要基于表面張力和界面張力、臨界膠束濃度，效果，效率，最大和最小表面積的數(shù)據(jù)。他們的方案也計算了吸附熱力學和這些兩親分子膠束化過程。表面 狀況數(shù)據(jù) 和熱力學數(shù)據(jù)顯示它們對在界面吸附有較大的傾向 。 用 失重 法 和析氫技術(shù) 評價 不同劑量（ 40010ppm）的 合成的兩親分子 作為鋁（ 3SR）的緩蝕劑在酸性介質(zhì)（ 4N HCl）中的緩蝕效果。 腐蝕實驗表明合成的非離子型席夫堿是有效的緩蝕劑 。表面活性和緩蝕性能 與 緩蝕劑的化學結(jié)構(gòu)有關(guān)。 1. Introduction Ferrous, nonferrous metals and their alloys are extensively used in industry. To remove unwanted scale and salt deposits or mill scales formed during manufacture, metals are immersed in acid solutions, which are known as an acid pickling bath. After the scale is removed, the metal may be subjected to attack by the acids. In order to reduce the degree of metal attack and rate of consumption of the acid, corrosion inhibitors are added to the pickling solutions Hydrochloric and sulphuric acids are the most monly used acids in the pickling bath [1,2]. Most mercial inhibitor formulations include aldehydes and amines in their structure [3,4]. The choice of the inhibitors is based on two considerations: first, they could be synthesized conventionally from relatively cheap raw materials。 second, they contain the electron clouds on the aromatic rings or, the electronegative atoms such as benzene ringcontaining Schiff bases [5,6]. Schiff base inhibitors have been reported as effectively corrosion inhibitors for steel, copper and aluminum [7– 9]. These substances generally bee effective by adsorption on the metal surface. Adsorption depends on the nature and charge of the metal and also, on the chemical structures of the inhibitors [10]. Selfassembled mono layer can provide a convenient method for corrosion inhibition,since the process of selfassembling is simple, and the chemical position and thickness of selfassembled mono layers can be tailored by design and synthesis of the adsorption agent. The practical applications of selfassembled mono layers as corrosion inhibitors were explored by several investigators [11– 14]. It was found that densely packed selfassembled mono layers heteroatom containing pounds were effective for blocking certain electrochemical processes, thus effectively act as corrosion inhibitors. In this study, different selfassembled inhibitors containing polyethylene glycol chains with different molecular weights and Schiff base terminal group were synthesized. The corrosion inhibition efficiencies of these pounds towards aluminum alloy were examined using weight loss and hydrogen evolution techniques. The surface activities of these Schiff base amphiphiles and the surface activity– corrosion inhibition–chemical structure relationships were also discussed. 1. 概括 黑色 金屬 ，有色金屬及其合金被廣泛應用于工業(yè) 中。 要除去金屬在生產(chǎn)過程中形成的未知污垢和鹽垢或 銑 垢，金屬要浸泡在酸液中，也就是我們常說的 酸洗浴 。除去垢之后，金屬可能會受到酸的腐蝕。為了降低金屬受腐蝕的程度和酸液的消耗速率，我們需要在酸洗液中添加緩蝕劑。 鹽酸和硫酸是酸洗浴中最常用的酸 [1,2].很多商業(yè)緩蝕劑組成中都含有醛和胺 [3,4]。選擇緩蝕劑要考慮的兩個因素是：一 ，它 們能夠很方便的由相關(guān)原料合成；二， 它們含有帶電子的苯環(huán)或者是有電負性原子，如含有芳香環(huán)的席夫堿 [5,6]。據(jù)報道，席夫堿類緩蝕劑對鐵、銅鋁都有效緩蝕效果 [7– 9]。 這些物質(zhì)通常 能 有效地吸附在金屬表面。 吸附取決于金屬的性質(zhì)和緩蝕劑的化學結(jié)構(gòu) [10]。自組裝單層膜是緩蝕的一種便捷方法，膜的 化學組成和自組裝單分子膜的厚度可 通過 設(shè)計吸附劑的合成 實現(xiàn)。一些研究機構(gòu)已經(jīng)開發(fā)了應用于實際的自組裝膜緩蝕劑 [11– 14]。 實驗結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)， 結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)， 含有雜原子化合物 的致密 自組裝單層 能 有效阻止某些電化學過程，從而 能夠作為有效的緩蝕 劑 。 在本項目的研究中， 不同的自組裝 緩蝕劑由 含有不同分子量聚乙二醇 鏈端基 合成 的席夫堿制備 。 表征 這些化合物對鋁合金緩蝕效率分別采用失重 法 和析氫的技術(shù)。 本文探討了這些席夫堿的表面活性，以及表面活性、腐蝕抑制、化學結(jié)構(gòu)之間的聯(lián)系。 2. Experimental procedures . Synthesis of Schiff bases mol of anisaldehyde was condensed with mol of paminobenzoic acid in the presence of 250 mL of ethyl alcohol as a solvent. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 6 h and then left overnight until the product was precipitated. The product was washed by petroleum ether and recrystallized from ethanol. The final product was dried under vacuum at 40 ?C [15]. The produced Schiff base was denoted as SB and the chemical structure was represented in Scheme 1. Scheme 1. Chemic