【正文】 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)論文 從浮選尾礦中回收稀土的試驗(yàn)研究 摘要 礦產(chǎn)資源是工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)所需原料的首要來(lái)源。隨著社會(huì)不斷進(jìn)步和國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展，對(duì)原料的需求量與日俱增，從而對(duì)礦產(chǎn)資源的開(kāi)采利用幅度日益加大，導(dǎo)致礦產(chǎn)資源日益枯竭。礦物加工過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生大量尾礦，因此，從尾礦中提取有 價(jià)值 元素的研究，對(duì)于資源綜合利用，提高資源利用率具有重要意義。 內(nèi)蒙古白云鄂博礦是以鐵、稀土、鈮和螢石為主，并含有磷、鉀、鈧等多金屬共生的大型礦床，其中稀土氧化物儲(chǔ)量近億噸，居世界第一位?，F(xiàn)階段，白云鄂博基本不生產(chǎn)稀土礦石，包鋼所需的稀土原料來(lái)自氧化礦選鐵尾礦，即 使這樣每年的稀土回收率也只有 5～ 6%，大量的稀土隨 尾礦堆置于尾 礦壩，造成了稀土資源的極大浪費(fèi)。本課題組從包鋼稀土浮選尾礦中取樣，經(jīng)分析發(fā)現(xiàn)其中稀土氧化物的品位為 %，有必要進(jìn)行稀土的再選。 本文以羥肟酸類藥劑作為捕收劑，進(jìn)行了從包鋼稀土浮選尾礦中回收稀土的試驗(yàn)研究。考察了藥劑制度、礦漿 pH、磨礦細(xì)度、浮選溫度、礦漿濃度等因素對(duì)浮選指標(biāo)的影響。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，浮選尾礦由于表面吸附有藥劑，目標(biāo)礦物和脈石礦物間可浮性差異變小，不進(jìn)行礦物表面預(yù)處理時(shí)，難以獲得理想的浮選指標(biāo)。用硫化鈉進(jìn)行表面脫藥處理，在最佳藥劑制 度、礦漿 pH、磨礦細(xì)度、浮選溫度和礦漿濃度的條件下，經(jīng)一次浮選，可得 REO 品位為 %、回收率為 %的稀土粗精礦。本文的研究結(jié)果為包鋼稀土浮選尾礦中稀土資源的回收利用開(kāi)辟了一條途徑。 關(guān)鍵詞： 浮選；稀土；綜合利用 The experimental study of 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)論文 Relycles the rare earth from the flotation tailing ABSTRACT Industrial and agricultural production of mineral resources is the primary source of raw materials. As society continues to progress and development of the national economy, increasing demand for raw materials, thus the use of mineral resources exploitation rate growing, leading to mineral resources have depleted. Because of the mineral processing produced a large number of mineral processing tailings, therefore, extracted from the tailings are added elements, for prehensive utilization of resources and improving resource utilization is important. BayanObo in Inner Mongolia is iron ore, rare earth, niobium, and fluoritebased and contains phosphorus, potassium, scandium and many other large deposits of metal symbiosis, in which nearly 100 million tons of rare earth oxide reserves, ranking first in the world. This stage, the Bayan Obo rare earth ore basic does not produce of rare earth, Baotou Steel Rare Earth materials required Tailings from oxide ores, the recovery of rare earth each year is only 5 to 6%, a large number of rare earth with the tailings pile in tailings dam, causing a waste of rare earth resources. The research group from the Baotou Rare Earth flotation tailings as sample, after analysis found that rare earth oxides % grade, it is possible for reelection of rare earth. In this paper, hydroxamic acids as flotation agents to carry out flotation tailings from the Baotou Rare Earth Recovery Study. Inspected the pharmaceutical system, slurry pH, grinding fineness, flotation temperature, slurry concentration on flotation index. The results show that the flotation tailings due to surface adsorption agent, the target mineral and gangue minerals floatability difference between the smaller, not to mineral surface pretreatment, hardly to get the ideal flotation targets. the surface with sodium sulfide drug treatment, in the best pharmacy system, slurry pH, grinding fineness, temperature and pulp density flotation conditions, through a flotation, the availability of REO was %, recovery was % coarse concentrate of rare 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)論文 earth. The results of this study of flotation tailings for the RareEarth Recycling have opened up in another way. Key words: flotation； rare earth； utilization 目錄 摘要 ............................................................................................................ I 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)論文 ABSTRACT............................................................................................... II 第一章 緒論 .......................................................................................... 1 本課題的研究背景 ....................................................................................... 1 本課題的研究前景 ........................................................................................ 1 本課題的研究意義 ........................................................................................ 2 第二章 文獻(xiàn)綜述 .................................................................................. 3 引言 ................................................................................................................ 3 白云鄂博稀土資源的基本特征 .................................................................... 3 白云鄂博稀土資源綜合利用現(xiàn)狀 ................................................................ 4 本課題的提出及研究?jī)?nèi)容 ............................................................................ 6 本章小結(jié) ....................................................................................................... 8 第三章 實(shí)驗(yàn)部分 .................................................................................. 9 實(shí)驗(yàn)主要設(shè)備和原料 ................................................................................... 9 設(shè)備 .................................................................................................... 9 原料 .................................................................................................... 9 實(shí)驗(yàn)方法 ..................................................................................................... 10 第四章 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果及討論 .................................................................... 11 脫藥處理對(duì)浮選 指標(biāo)的影響 ..................................................................... 11 調(diào)整劑用量對(duì)浮選指標(biāo)的影響 ................................................................. 11 礦漿 pH 對(duì)浮選指標(biāo)的影響 ...................................................................... 13 礦漿濃度對(duì)浮選指標(biāo)的影響 ...................................................................... 14 溫度對(duì)浮選指標(biāo)的影響 .........................................