【正文】
北京化工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文) 設(shè)計(jì)(論文)題目: “ 年產(chǎn)三萬噸粘膠纖維用棉漿粕清潔工藝”項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué)院: 化學(xué)工程學(xué)院 專業(yè): 化學(xué)工程與工藝 班級: 學(xué)生: 指導(dǎo)教師(含職稱): 專業(yè)負(fù)責(zé)人: 1.設(shè)計(jì)(論文)的主要任務(wù)及目標(biāo) 設(shè)計(jì)年產(chǎn)三萬噸的棉短絨清潔制漿工藝流程,主要包括物料衡算、能量衡算、簡單設(shè)備選型、復(fù)雜設(shè)備的尺寸確定和工藝流程圖的繪制,主要集中在制藥部分的詳細(xì)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算和工藝流程、平面布置圖的繪制。 2.設(shè)計(jì)(論文)的基本要求和內(nèi)容 ( 1)確定整個(gè)生產(chǎn)工藝的流程及操作條件, 進(jìn)行整個(gè)過程的物料衡算; ( 2)制藥部分進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的物料、能量衡算,根據(jù)相關(guān)手冊和經(jīng)驗(yàn),確定管徑大小和設(shè)備的選型,繪制出設(shè)備的平面布置圖和帶控制點(diǎn)的工藝流程圖; ( 3)制漿部分進(jìn)行簡要的物料衡算和設(shè)備尺寸的確定,繪制出簡要的設(shè)備平面布置圖和工藝流程圖。 3.主要參考文獻(xiàn) [16] [蘇 ] A. T. 謝爾柯夫 . 粘膠纖維 [M]. 北京:紡織工業(yè)出版社, 1985: 24. [19] 詹懷宇 . 纖維化學(xué)與物理 [M]. 北京:科學(xué)出版社, 2020: 8283, 132137, 301307. [24] 陳嘉川,等 . 棉短絨低污染制漿工藝的研究 [J].中國造紙, 1999,( 3): 4146. [28] 唐宏青 . 工藝包設(shè)計(jì)編寫提綱探討 [J]. 化工設(shè)計(jì), 2020, 11( 6): 1113. 4.進(jìn)度安排 北京化工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 I “年產(chǎn)三萬噸粘膠纖維用棉漿粕清潔工藝”項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì) 摘要: 年產(chǎn)三萬噸粘膠纖維用棉漿粕清潔工藝是在萬噸級工業(yè)試驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)的,該工藝設(shè)計(jì)具有連續(xù)、清潔、低溫、高效、產(chǎn)品收率高,節(jié)能節(jié)水減排的特點(diǎn),整個(gè)工藝流程利用技術(shù)集成和生態(tài)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的設(shè)計(jì)思維,解決了該行業(yè)制漿黑液難以治理的問題,實(shí)現(xiàn)了零排放的循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式。本設(shè)計(jì) 主要分為制藥和制漿兩個(gè)單元。制藥單元完成了流程的設(shè)計(jì),物料衡算和部分熱量衡算,設(shè)備和管路的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算及選型,帶控制點(diǎn)的工藝流程圖及平面布置圖的繪制;制漿單元完成了物料衡算,設(shè)備尺寸的確定,工藝流程圖和平面布置圖的繪制。本工藝流程的設(shè)計(jì)是對我所學(xué)的化工單元操作基本知識的應(yīng)用和提升,使我對實(shí)際工藝流程設(shè)計(jì)中的優(yōu)化選擇和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益有了深刻的認(rèn)識。 關(guān)鍵詞:棉短絨 清潔制漿 工藝設(shè)計(jì) 零排放 北京化工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 II An Project Design on “Annual Output of 30,000 tons of Viscose Fiber Cotton Pulp Cleaning Process” Abstract: The design on annual output of 30,000 tons of viscose fiber cotton pulp cleaning process is based on industrial test of 10,000 tons level, the design on the process has continuous, clean, low temperature, high efficiency, high yield of the product, energy and water conservation and waste reduction characteristics. The entire process with technology integration and ecological industry chain can solve the difficult problem of pulping black liquor governing and realize zeroemission cycle model of economic development. The design is divided into two units of the pharmaceuticals and pulp. The pharmaceutical unit has pleted the process design, material balance, and some of the heat balance calculation and selection of equipment and piping design, the drawing of process flow diagram with a control point and the floor plan。 pulp unit has pleted the material balance, determination of the size of equipment, the drawing of process flow diagram and the floor plan. The design of this process with the application and upgrading of basic knowledge of the chemical unit operations makes me have a deep understanding of the selection and economic benefits of the actual process design optimization. Keywords: cotton linter clean pulping process design zeroemission 北京化工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 1 目錄 第 1 章 前言 ................................................................................................... 1 第 2 章 文獻(xiàn)綜述 ........................................................................................... 2 第 節(jié) 研究棉短絨清潔制漿工藝的意義 .............................................. 2 第 節(jié) 棉短絨制漿的原材料介紹 .......................................................... 3 棉短絨介紹 ...................................................................................... 3 氫氧化鉀介紹 ................................................................................. 5 過氧化氫介紹 .................................................................................. 7 第 節(jié) 產(chǎn)品棉絨漿介紹及應(yīng)用 .............................................................. 9 粘膠纖維用棉漿粕的質(zhì)量指標(biāo) ...................................................... 9 粘膠纖維的用途及性質(zhì) ................................................................ 10 第 節(jié) 棉短絨制棉絨漿的反應(yīng)原理 .................................................... 11 纖維素的反應(yīng)原理 ........................................................................ 11 木素的反應(yīng)原理 ........................................................................... 14 第 節(jié) 棉短絨制漿工藝的研究現(xiàn)狀 .................................................... 16 燒堿法制漿工藝 ........................................................................... 16 氧堿 法制漿工藝 ........................................................................... 16 堿 過氧化氫法制漿工藝 .............................................................. 17 過氧化氫強(qiáng)化的氧堿法制漿工藝 ................................................. 17 連續(xù)法制漿工藝 ........................................................................... 18 棉短絨紙漿工藝的比較 ................................................................ 18 第 3 章 粘膠纖維用棉漿粕清潔工藝的設(shè)計(jì) .............................................. 19 第 節(jié) 棉短絨清潔制漿工藝設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................ 19 第 節(jié) 制藥機(jī)的原理及結(jié)構(gòu) ................................................................ 20 北京化工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文 2 第 節(jié) 制藥工段的工藝流程設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................ 22 第 節(jié) 制漿工段的工藝流程設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................ 23 第 4 章 棉短絨制漿工藝計(jì)算 ...................................................................... 25 第 節(jié) 物料衡算 ................................................................................... 25 原料平衡計(jì)算 ............................................................................... 25 水的平衡計(jì)算 ................................................................................ 25 蒸汽的平衡計(jì)算 ............................................................................ 25 化學(xué)品的平衡計(jì)算 ........................................................................ 26 物料平衡數(shù)據(jù)表 ............................................................................ 28 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)備計(jì)算及選型 .......................................................................... 29 各種容器體積的計(jì)算及選擇 ......................................................... 29 泵的選擇 ........................................................................................ 30 風(fēng)機(jī)的選擇 .................................................................................... 31 換熱器的選擇 ................................................................................ 31 第 5 章 主要設(shè)備的設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)算 .................................................................. 34 第 節(jié) 制藥單元 的設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)算 .