旋渦隧道溢洪道及液壓操作條件外文翻譯-液壓系統(tǒng)(已修改)
2025-06-01 00:59 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 1 VORTEXTUNNEL SPILLWAYS AND HYDRAULIC OPERATING CONDITIONS M. A. Galant, B. A. Zhivotovskii,V. B. Rodionov,and N. N. Rozanova Executive Summary Spillway tunnel is widely used in highpressure hydraulic engineering. Therefore, this type of spillway this study is an important and urgent task to help in the use of these types of hydraulic construction of spillway can help develop the best and reliable spillway structure. This is confirmed by vortex spillway tunnel in the design of a pressure fluctuation and intensity of turbulent energy dissipation process Keywords: vortex spillway energy dissipation Tunnel spillways are widely used in medium and highpressure hydraulic works. It is therefore an important and pressing task to improve the constructions used in these types of spillways and to develop optimal and reliable spillway this in mind, we would like to turn the reader39。s attention to essentially novel (., in terms of configuration and operating conditions) vortex spillways which utilize vortextype flows. On the one hand, these types of spillways make possible largescale dissipation of the kiic energy of the flow on the initial leg of the tailrace segment, and, as aconsequence, flow rates of slightly vortextype and axial flows through the subsequent legs that do not produce cavitation damage. On the other hand, the dangerous effect of high flow rates on the streamlined surface decreases over the length of the initial tailrace leg as a consequence of the increased pressure on the wall caused by the effect of centrifugal forces. A number of structural studies of tunnel spillways for hydraulic works such as the Rogunskii, Teri, Tel39。mamskii, and Tupolangskii hydraulic works based on different operating principles have now been pleted. These constructions may be divided into the following basic groups: vortextype (or socalled singlevortex type) spillways with smooth dissipation of the flow energy throughout the length of the tunnel when L r (60 80)hT or (60 80)dT (where dT and hT are the diameter and height of the tunnel), while the crosssection of the tunnel is either circular or nearcircular throughout its length. vortextype spillways with increasingly greater dissipation of the energy of the vortextype flow over a shorter length 2 Lr (60 80)hT of a noncircular section river diversion tunnel (horseshoeshaped, square, triangular) which is connected to the eddy chamber either by means of an energydissipation (expansion) or by means of a smooth transition leg。 spillways with two or more interacting vortextype flows in energydissipation discharge chambers or in specialenergy dissipators that have been termed countervortex energy dissipators.The terminal portion of the tailrace tunnel of a vortex spillway may be constructed in the form of a skijump bucket, a stilling basin, or special structures depending on the flow rate at the exit from the tunnel and on the conditions in the channel downstream. The hydraulic system used to link the flow to the tailrace canal may involve the use of either overflowtype or freefall type spillways with smooth or accelerated dissipation of energy over the entire length of the water conduit represent the simplest and most promising types of hydraulic of designing vortex spillways have now been developed and published in numerous studies。 inparticular, techniques are now available for calculating the hydraulic resistance of individual legs of a route and the flow rates and pressures in vortextype flow. However, for each actual hydraulic project a designed structure must also be evaluated by means of model investigations, since it is still not possible to evaluate all the elements of the operation of a spillway by means of , let us turn our attention to a number of theoretically important problems. A familiarity with these topics will be of assistance in the design and investigation of vortex spillways. Evaluation of the Design and Geometric Dimensions of the Elements of a Spillway. The selection o
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