【正文】 Standards for Piezoelectric Ceramic Materials This document details some of the standards related activities for piezoelectric materials, mainly bulk ceramic types. Standards related purely to quartz have been omitted, in order to limit the size of the task. The production of standards, particularly international ones, is a long and unrewarding business, and that they ever bee standards is a tribute to the persistence of a small number of individuals. Consequently the existence or not of a standard in a particular area is not solely because of the need for such a standard, but is due to the concerted effort of these individuals. Also because of the need to keep documents current, if years after publication of a standard there is nobody prepared to maintain this document then there is a danger it will be withdrawn or cancelled. This situation is reflected in the piezoelectric materials standards area, where there are strong groups in Europe (CENELEC) and America (IEEEUFFC), but some of the most quoted standards have recently been withdrawn ( IEEE 1761987, IEEE 1801986, MILSTD 1376B (SH)). Standards organisations with Piezoelectric related standards CENELEC CENELEC is the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization and It has been officially recognised as the European Standards Organisation in its field by the European Commission in Directive 83/189/EEC. A prehensive series of piezoelectric standards are being developed for CENELEC under BTTF 632. There are two working groups in this mittee and it is WG2 that is producing standards related to piezoelectric materials, under the stewardship of Wanda Wolny. At the time of writing the first three are close to being approved by the various national mittees. As with most standards within CENELEC there are English, French and German versions of these standards. prEN 503241:2020 Piezoelectric properties of ceramic materials and ponents Part 1: Definitions and Classifications This standard relates to piezoelectric transducer ceramics for application both as transmitters and receivers in electroacoustics and ultrasonics over a wide frequency range. They are used for generation and transmission of acoustic signals, for achievement of ultrasonic effects, for transmission of signals in munication electronics, for sensors and actuators, and used for generation of high voltages in ignition devices. Piezoelectric ceramics can be manufactured in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. Commonly used shapes include discs, rectangular plates, bars, tubes, cylinders and 外文翻譯 1 hemispheres as well as bending elements (circular and rectangular), sandwiches and monolithic multilayers. prEN 503242:2020 Piezoelectric properties of ceramic materials and ponents Part 2: Methods of measurement and properties Low power The methods of measurement described in this specification are for use with piezoelectric ponents produced from the ceramic materials described in prEN 503241 Definitions and classification. Methods of measurement for specific dielectric, piezoelectric and elastic coefficients are generally applicable to piezoelectric ceramics. The polycrystalline nature of ceramics, statistical fluctuations in position and the influence of the manufacturing process, result in specified material coefficients being typical mean values. These values are provided for design information only. Piezoelectric transducers can have widely differing shapes and may be employed in a range of vibrational modes. Material parameters however, are measured on simple testpieces, (discs, rods) using specific geometric anmd electrical boundary conditions. Consequently, the results of the tests provide basic material parameters only and must be used as a guide to the actual properties of manufactured mercial ponents. prEN 503243:2020 Piezoelectric properties of ceramic materials and ponents Part 3: Methods of measurement High power This standard relates piezoelectric transducer ceramics for power application over a wide frequency range botha as electromechanical or mechanoelectrical converters. This standard covers the large signal characterization of piezoelectric ceramics material only, and not the characterization of a plete assembled transducer. The selection of a material for a given power application is difficult and the advic