【正文】 高二英語語法填空解題技巧及練習(xí)題含解析一、語法填空1．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Cathy Martin is a hurricane hunter with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). For six months each year, she is part of a team that collects ________she describes as vital data, to save life and property.When winds pick up, ________(spin) toward the Caribbean and U. S. coastline, Martin and ________(she) flight team spring into action. They use instruments called dropsondes, which ________(set) free from a tube at the back of the plane. As a dropsonde makes its 10,000foot landing into the sea, it sends out information about air temperature, pressure, humidity, and the speed and ________(direct) of the wind. On an eighthour flight, Martin39。s team ________(typical) drops 15 to 20 dropsondes while flying from one side of the storm ________the other, trying to cover as much ground as possible. They head for the center (or eye) of the storm, ________there39。s no wind, and also search for the strongest winds, to help people on the coast prepare for what39。s ing. Sometimes, they will use an unmanned aircraft ________(gather) data closer to the ocean39。s surface. Though these flights can be long,________(tire) and often last several days in a row, Martin likes her job and wishes she could fly every day.【答案】 what；spinning；her；are set；direction；typically；to；where；to gather；tiring 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了Cathy Martin 以及她的團(tuán)隊是如何收集數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)測颶風(fēng)的。 （1）考查賓語從句。句意：每年有六個月的時間，她是一個團(tuán)隊的成員，這個團(tuán)隊收集她所說的“重要數(shù)據(jù)，以拯救生命和財產(chǎn)”。本句為賓語從句，因為從句中缺少賓語，指代事物，故填what。 （2）考查非謂語動詞。句意：當(dāng)風(fēng)力增強，向加勒比海和美國海岸線旋轉(zhuǎn)時，馬丁和她的飛行團(tuán)隊立即行動起來。spin與邏輯主語wind是主動關(guān)系，故填現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，故填spinning。 （3）考查代詞。修飾名詞flight team使用形容詞性物主代詞，故填her。 （4）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：他們使用一種叫做下投式探空儀的儀器，這種儀器從飛機后部的管子中釋放出來。主語是dropsondes與謂語動詞構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合上下文使用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故填are set。 （5）考查名詞。句意：當(dāng)探空儀降落在10000英尺的海面上時，它會發(fā)出有關(guān)空氣溫度、壓力、濕度以及風(fēng)速和風(fēng)向的信息。根據(jù)上文名詞并列結(jié)構(gòu)the speed and可知，應(yīng)填名詞，故填direction。 （6）考查副詞。句意：在8小時的飛行中，馬丁的團(tuán)隊從風(fēng)暴的一邊飛到另一邊時，通常會放下15到20個探空儀，試圖覆蓋盡可能多的地面。修飾動詞drop應(yīng)用副詞，故填typically。 （7）考查介詞。from…to…固定短語，“從……到……”，故填to。 （8）考查定語從句。句意：他們前往風(fēng)暴中心(或風(fēng)眼)，那里沒有風(fēng)，也尋找最強的風(fēng)，幫助沿海地區(qū)的人們?yōu)榧磳⒌絹淼娘L(fēng)暴做好準(zhǔn)備。本句為定語從句修飾先行詞center，且在定語從句中作地點狀語，故填關(guān)系副詞where。 （9）考查非謂語動詞。句意：有時，他們會使用無人駕駛飛機收集更接近海洋表面的數(shù)據(jù)。本句為不定式to do作目的狀語，故填to gather。 （10）考查形容詞。句意：雖然這些飛行時間很長，也很累，而且常常會持續(xù)好幾天，但馬丁喜歡她的工作，希望她能每天都飛。根據(jù)上文系動詞be可知，應(yīng)填形容詞作表語，修飾物，故填tiring。 【點評】本題考點涉及賓語從句，非謂語動詞，代詞，時態(tài)語態(tài)，名詞，副詞，定語從句以及形容詞等多個知識點的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。2．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空 During the past ten years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been gaining ________ (popular) across the world. This style of health care has spread to 183 countries. Up to now, approximately 100 international agreements ________ (sign) with Chinese government on TCM cooperation. One of the reasons for such a growing trend is probably due to the increase of ________ (science) research into TCM. Since Tu Youyou, a Chinese scientist was awarded Nobel Prize for her discovery of the drug qinghaosu, TCM has bee even more________(globe) famous. While quite a few ________ (explain) have been given to support TCM theories, it is still faced with the challenge in ________ (prove) to the public that it has certain effects when used in medical treatment. That39。s to say, it is significant in ________ long run for TCM to team up with Western medicine. Scientists hold the belief ________ using the collective knowledge, rather than regarding the two approaches ________ being in petition is where the potential for its enormous effects ________(lie) in.【答案】 popularity；have been signed；scientific；globally；explanations；proving；the；that；as；lies 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了中藥在國外逐漸受歡迎的原因，以及現(xiàn)在所面臨的問題。 （1）考查名詞。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞作為gain的賓語，故填popularity。 （2）考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語so far“迄今為止”可知謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語agreements）和sign之間是被動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)，又主語是復(fù)數(shù)，因此填have been signed。 （3）考查形容詞 。形容詞修飾名詞，作定語），故填scientific。 （4）考查副詞。此處應(yīng)填副詞修飾形容詞famous，故填globally。 （5）考查名詞。此處是句子主語，故應(yīng)填名詞，又根據(jù)短語quiet a few+名詞復(fù)數(shù)“大量……”可知此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填explanations。 （6）考查非謂語動詞。此處應(yīng)填動名詞作為介詞in的賓語，故填proving。 （7）考查冠詞 。in the long run固定短語，“從長遠(yuǎn)來看”，故填the。 （8）考查同位語從句。此處是同位語從句的連接詞，從句using the collective knowledge, rather than regarding the two approaches _______9_______ being in petition成分和意義都完整，故用連接詞that，故填that。 （9）考查介詞。regard…as…固定短語，“把……看作……”，故填as。 （10）考查時態(tài)。分析句子可知，此處是表語從句的謂語動詞，根據(jù)前文的is判斷為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語the potential for its enormous effects“它巨大影響的潛力”是不可數(shù)名詞，故填lies。 【點評】本題考點涉及名詞，時態(tài)語態(tài)，形容詞，副詞，非謂語動詞，冠詞，同位語從句，冠詞以及介詞等多個知識點的考查，是一篇醫(yī)學(xué)類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。3．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 It seems to be something in our blood ________ makes human beings want to conquer (征服) things by climbing them, no matter whether it39。s Qomolangma the ________ (high) peak on Earth ________ Uluru, a big rock that sits 348 meters above the ground in the central Australian desert. Many ________ (visit) to Uluru climb the rock even though there39。s no road to it, except for a chainandpole path that39。s been hammered into the rock by early explorers. There39。s even a sign at the bottom of the rock ________ (write) in seven languages, reading: Please don39。t climb. For starters, the rock has spiritual significance for the local Aboriginal people, and ________(set) foot on it is considered disrespectful. Other concerns include some people leaving litter on top of the rock, and some even urinate (撒尿)on it since there39。s no toilet up there. When it rains, the human waste is washed down onto the rock, which can be ________ (harm) to the environment. Also, according to ABC News, 35 people ________ (die) so far trying to climb it. This is ________ the Australian government announced earlier this month that climbing Uluru ________ (ban), starting from Oct 26, 2019.【答案】 that；highest；or；visitors；written；setting /to set；harmful；have died；why；will be banned 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，人們很喜歡到澳大利亞中部沙漠去攀登Uluru，這一做法帶來了一系列問題，當(dāng)?shù)卣疀Q定禁止人們攀登這塊巨石。 （1）考查定語從句。句意：似乎在我們的血液里有某些東西，讓人們想通過攀登來征服事物。本題定語從句的先行詞是不定代