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【英語】高考英語高中英語語法填空常見題型及答題技巧及練習(xí)題(含答案)一、高中英語語法填空1.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 A hotel chain is employing human bed warmers to help guests get a good night39。s sleep. ________ (dress) in special allinone sleeping suits, the walking electric blankets are sent to warm the beds of guests staying at the Holiday Inn ________ they get under the covers. Dr Chris Idzikowski, ________ (direct) of the Edinburgh Sleep Centre, said the idea could help people get off to sleep. He ________ (explain) that There39。s plenty of scientific evidence to show that sleep starts at the beginning of the night ________ body temperature starts to drop. The drop occurs partly because the blood vessels (血管) ________ the hands, face and feet open up and release heat. A warm bed –approximately 20 to 24 degrees Celsuis –is ________ good way to start this process while a cold bed isn39。t. It helps people sleep well especially as it39。s taking much ________ (long) for them to warm up when they e in from the snow. Dr Chris Idzikowski and ________ (he) colleague Jane Bednall said the idea was like having a giant hot water bottle in your bed. The fiveminute free bed warming sessions will be tried out in London and Manchester ________ the end of next month.【答案】 Dressed;before;director;explained;when;of;a;longer;his;at 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了一款新發(fā)明的暖床器以及使用暖床器的好處。 (1)考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:行走的電熱毯將會(huì)穿著特制的連體睡衣被送去假日酒店在客人上床之前給客人進(jìn)行暖床。動(dòng)詞dress與這句話的主語the walking electric blankets之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故填Dressed。 (2)考查狀語從句。句意:行走的電熱毯將會(huì)穿著特制的連體睡衣被送去假日酒店在客人上床之前給客人進(jìn)行暖床。根據(jù)句意,客人睡覺之前需要暖床,故填before。 (3)考查名詞。句意:愛丁堡睡眠中心的主任Chris Idzikowski博士說,這個(gè)辦法能幫助人們更好地入睡??崭袂笆且粋€(gè)人名,兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間的部分是這個(gè)人名的同位語,所以應(yīng)填一個(gè)表示人的名詞。故填director。 (4)考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:他解釋,有充分科學(xué)依據(jù)顯示,入夜人體體溫開始下降的時(shí)候就是睡眠產(chǎn)生的時(shí)候。由上一句中said使用的是一般過去時(shí)可知,這句話也應(yīng)使用一般過去時(shí)。故填explained。 (5)考查定語從句。句意:他解釋,有充分科學(xué)依據(jù)顯示,入夜人體體溫開始下降的時(shí)候就是睡眠產(chǎn)生的時(shí)候。根據(jù)句意,這是一個(gè)定語從句,先行詞為the beginning of the night,并且先行詞在從句中做時(shí)間狀語,故填關(guān)系詞when。 (6)考查介詞。句意:人體溫度之所以會(huì)下降,部分原因在于,(這時(shí))人的手部、臉部以及腳部的血管開始擴(kuò)張,散發(fā)了熱量??涨扒昂蠖际敲~,所以空格處應(yīng)填介詞,the blood vessels與the hands之間屬于所屬關(guān)系,故填of。 (7)考查冠詞。句意:溫暖的床(溫度大約在20到24攝氏度之間)有助于人們?nèi)胨涞拇矂t會(huì)妨礙人們?nèi)胨?崭裎挥谥^語動(dòng)詞后,空格后為一個(gè)可數(shù)單數(shù)名詞短語,所以空格處應(yīng)填不定冠詞?!癵ood”是以輔音音素開始的,故填a。 (8)考查形容詞。句意:它能幫助人們睡得更好,特別是當(dāng)他們從大雪天進(jìn)來,要花更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間才能讓被窩暖和起來的時(shí)候。根據(jù)句意,這句話強(qiáng)調(diào)天冷的時(shí)候,要花更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間才能讓被窩暖和起來,故填形容詞比較級(jí)比較合適。故填longer。 (9)考查代詞。句意:Chris Idzikowski博士和他的同事Jane Bednall說,這個(gè)主意就像是“往你的被窩兒里放個(gè)大熱水瓶?!笨崭窈笫且粋€(gè)但數(shù)名詞,且colleague與Chris Idzikowski之間是所屬關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)填形容詞性的物主代詞。Chris Idzikowski是男士,故填his。 (10)考查介詞。句意:這個(gè)五分鐘就能暖床的環(huán)節(jié)這個(gè)月底將在倫敦與曼徹斯特實(shí)行。at the end of固定短語,“在……末端。 在……的結(jié)尾”,故填at。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及非謂語動(dòng)詞,狀語從句,名詞,時(shí)態(tài),定語從句,介詞,冠詞,形容詞,代詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查,是一篇科技類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。2.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Cathy Martin is a hurricane hunter with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). For six months each year, she is part of a team that collects ________she describes as vital data, to save life and property.When winds pick up, ________(spin) toward the Caribbean and U. S. coastline, Martin and ________(she) flight team spring into action. They use instruments called dropsondes, which ________(set) free from a tube at the back of the plane. As a dropsonde makes its 10,000foot landing into the sea, it sends out information about air temperature, pressure, humidity, and the speed and ________(direct) of the wind. On an eighthour flight, Martin39。s team ________(typical) drops 15 to 20 dropsondes while flying from one side of the storm ________the other, trying to cover as much ground as possible. They head for the center (or eye) of the storm, ________there39。s no wind, and also search for the strongest winds, to help people on the coast prepare for what39。s ing. Sometimes, they will use an unmanned aircraft ________(gather) data closer to the ocean39。s surface. Though these flights can be long,________(tire) and often last several days in a row, Martin likes her job and wishes she could fly every day.【答案】 what;spinning;her;are set;direction;typically;to;where;to gather;tiring 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文,講述了Cathy Martin 以及她的團(tuán)隊(duì)是如何收集數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)颶風(fēng)的。 (1)考查賓語從句。句意:每年有六個(gè)月的時(shí)間,她是一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的成員,這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)收集她所說的“重要數(shù)據(jù),以拯救生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)”。本句為賓語從句,因?yàn)閺木渲腥鄙儋e語,指代事物,故填what。 (2)考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:當(dāng)風(fēng)力增強(qiáng),向加勒比海和美國(guó)海岸線旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí),馬丁和她的飛行團(tuán)隊(duì)立即行動(dòng)起來。spin與邏輯主語wind是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故填現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語,故填spinning。 (3)考查代詞。修飾名詞flight team使用形容詞性物主代詞,故填her。 (4)考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:他們使用一種叫做下投式探空儀的儀器,這種儀器從飛機(jī)后部的管子中釋放出來。主語是dropsondes與謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,結(jié)合上下文使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語為復(fù)數(shù)名詞,故填are set。 (5)考查名詞。句意:當(dāng)探空儀降落在10000英尺的海面上時(shí),它會(huì)發(fā)出有關(guān)空氣溫度、壓力、濕度以及風(fēng)速和風(fēng)向的信息。根據(jù)上文名詞并列結(jié)構(gòu)the speed and可知,應(yīng)填名詞,故填direction。 (6)考查副詞。句意:在8小時(shí)的飛行中,馬丁的團(tuán)隊(duì)從風(fēng)暴的一邊飛到另一邊時(shí),通常會(huì)放下15到20個(gè)探空儀,試圖覆蓋盡可能多的地面。修飾動(dòng)詞drop應(yīng)用副詞,故填typically。 (7)考查介詞。from…to…固定短語,“從……到……”,故填to。 (8)考查定語從句。句意:他們前往風(fēng)暴中心(或風(fēng)眼),那里沒有風(fēng),也尋找最強(qiáng)的風(fēng),幫助沿海地區(qū)的人們?yōu)榧磳⒌絹淼娘L(fēng)暴做好準(zhǔn)備。本句為定語從句修飾先行詞center,且在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,故填關(guān)系副詞where。 (9)考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:有時(shí),他們會(huì)使用無人駕駛飛機(jī)收集更接近海洋表面的數(shù)據(jù)。本句為不定式to do作目的狀語,故填to gather。 (10)