【正文】 中考初中英語語法專題介詞學(xué)案介詞考點知識測驗 is a post office ________ the other side ________ the street. was angry ________ them and he left _________ telling anybody. had and you’ll catch up _________ others. can surf much information ________ the Internet. often learn English _______ each other. poor old man died ________ the evening of October 10. little girl ________ red looked beautiful. you know the key ________ success? walked along the river _______ another ten minutes. usually spend three hours ________ doing my homework.! They’re waiting ______ the bus ______ the busstop. do you go to work every day?______ underground. think the dictionary is quite useful ______ you. began to play the piano _______ the age ______ five. much did you pay ______ your new dress?一、【考點分析】一、介詞短語的形式：介詞是一種虛詞，不能獨立存在。它必須和隨后的補(bǔ)足成分（又稱“介詞賓語”）一起構(gòu)成介詞短語，才能用于句中。介詞賓語可以是名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、動名詞、wh短語、從句等?，F(xiàn)分別舉例如下：⑴ 介詞＋名詞，例如：(go) by bus 乘公共汽車（去）(play) in the park 在公園里（玩）(e) on Sunday 星期天（來）⑵ 介詞＋代詞，例如：(talk) to oneself 對自己（說），自言自語 (a letter) for you 給你的（信）(not…) at all 一點也（不）⑶ 介詞＋數(shù)詞，例如：(cut sth) in two （把……切）成兩半⑷ 介詞＋動名詞，例如：(a way) of doing that做那件事的（方式）be good at drawing pictures善于畫畫⑸ 介詞＋wh短語，例如：(talk) about what to do next（談?wù)摚┫乱徊皆撟鍪裁储?介詞＋從句，例如：Please think of what I said. 請你考慮我說的話。二、介詞短語的基本用法：⑴ 介詞短語用作表語，例如：The post office is just across the street. She looks so much like her mother. ⑵ 介詞短語用作賓語補(bǔ)足語，例如：I was surprised to find him on the bus. Please make yourself at home. ⑶ 介詞短語用作后置定語，例如：The girl in the hat is my sister. Do you like the jacket on the left? Did you see the house with many trees around it?⑷ 介詞短語用作狀語，例如：What are you going to do on Christmas? A policeman is standing next to him. By the way, what time is it now?Miss Zhao came in with a big smile on her face. 二、?？键c清單一、初中英語常用介詞短語1．a(chǎn)t once 立刻 2．a(chǎn)t last 最后3．a(chǎn)t first 起先，首先 4．a(chǎn)t the age of... 在……歲時5．a(chǎn)t the end of... 在……之末 6．a(chǎn)t the beginning of．．在……之初7．a(chǎn)t the foot of... 在……腳下 8．a(chǎn)t the same time 同時9．a(chǎn)t night/noon 在夜里／中午10. with one39。s help 在某人的幫助下，由于某人的幫助11. with the help of．．． 在……的幫助下 12. with a smile 面帶笑容13. with one39。s own eyes 親眼看見 14. after a while 過了一會兒15. from now on 從現(xiàn)在起 16. from then on 從那時起17. for example 例如 18. far away from 遠(yuǎn)離19. from morning till night 從早到晚 20. by and by 不久21. by air mail寄航空郵件22. by bike/air/train/bus騎自行車／乘飛機(jī)／火車／公共汽車23. by ordinary mail寄平信 24. by the way順便說25. by the window在窗邊 26. by the end of...到……底為止27. little by little逐漸地 28. in all總共29. in fact事實上 30. in one39。s twenties在某人二十幾歲時 a hurry匆忙 the middle of在……中間33. in no time( in a minute)立刻，很快 34. in time( on time)及時35. in public公眾，公開地 36. in order to為了…．37. in( the) front of在……前面 38. in the sun在陽光下39. in the end最后，終于 40. in surprise驚奇地41. in turn依次 42. of course當(dāng)然 bit( of)有一點兒 lot of許多 little 點兒 46. on one39。s way to某人在去……的路上47. on foot步行，走路 talk on space關(guān)于太空的報告49. on the other hand另一方面 50. at/on the weekend在周末51．on the left( right)在左（右）邊 52. on the other side of在……另一邊53. on the radio通過收音機(jī)（無線電廣播） 54. to one39。s joy使……高興的是55．to one39。s surprise使……驚訝的是二、常用介詞的基本用法基本分類 基本用法 例子 時間 介 詞at多用于表示具體的鐘點時刻前，也可用于固定搭配中，表示的時間大多比較短暫。at sevenat a quarter to oneat noonat nightin表示一段時間，如：年、月、世紀(jì)、四季或泛指一天的上午、下午、晚上等。還可用于表示“從現(xiàn)在起，多長時間以后或多久以后”的短語。in the twentyfirst centuryin autumnin the morningThey will finish the work in an hour. on主要用于表示星期幾，具體某一天的早、午、晚或用在時間名詞有形容詞修飾 前。on Midautumn Dayon June lston a sunny morningsince指從某時一直延續(xù)至今，后接時間點/時間段+ago/從句，主句用完成時。He has studied English since 2000.He has been in Guangzhou since two years ago.，謂語可用過去、現(xiàn)在、將來的某種時態(tài)。From now on, I will learn English in the mornings.for指動作延續(xù)貫穿整個過程，后接時間段I have studied English for six years.after:(1)過去為起點的某一段時間之后，用于過去時。(2)與時間點連用表示在將來某個時間之后。They finished the work after two years.I’ll ring you up after two o39。clock.until用于否定句中，意為“直到……才”，其前的謂語動詞多用瞬間性動詞；用在肯定句中，意為“直到……為止”，其前的謂語動詞須用延續(xù)性動詞。I didn39。t go to bed until my mother came home. I waited for my mother until she came home.“by+時間點”表示“到……為止”，如果by后加“將來的時間點”應(yīng)用一般將來時；如果by后跟一個過去的時間點應(yīng)用過去完成時。We had learned l,000 English words by the end of last term.“during+時間段”與延續(xù)性動詞連用表示某期間的動作。He lives with us during these years.before表示時間，意為“在……之前”。Please bring your homework before ten o39。clock. 地 點 介 詞at表示較小的地點。（如車站，村莊等）at the bus stop；at home；at 249 Xiajiu Roadin表示較大的地方。(國家、城市等)用在地點名詞前不用介詞in China；in the world如：arrive home/here/there on表示“在……上面”，強(qiáng)調(diào)表面接觸。Look at the book on the desk.over指“在……正上方”，表垂直在上。There is a bridge over the river.above指“在上方”，屬于斜上方。Raise your anus above your head.below表示“在下方或位置低于……”，不一定有垂直在下之意。The coat reaches below the knees.the questions belowunder表示“在……正下方”。There are many bikes under the tree.in front of表示“在……之前”（范圍外）。There are some trees in front of the classroom.in the front of表示“在……的前部”（范圍內(nèi)）。Our teacher usually sits in the front of the classroom.before所表示的位置關(guān)系和in front of通用，表示“在……前”，“在……面前”。He sits before me. He sits in front of me.behind表示“在……后面”，是in front of的反義詞。Don39。t hide behind the tree.at the back of表示“在…后部”：是in the front of的反義詞。There39。 is a blackboard at the back of our classroom.by表示“在……旁邊”，與beside同義。We live by the river.beside“在……旁邊”，強(qiáng)調(diào)靠近。Who39。s that girl beside the boy?near“在……附近”，距離比by和next to遠(yuǎn)。Is there a hospital near here?next to“靠近……旁邊”，相當(dāng)于close to。The boy next to her is my classmate.between“在……之間”，強(qiáng)調(diào)兩者之間或眾多事物的“兩兩之間”。You must choose one between her and me.among“在……之間”，表示“在三者或三者以上之間”。He is the tallest among all the children.around表示“在……周圍”，強(qiáng)調(diào)環(huán)境。Let39。s sh