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【英語】高考英語語法填空基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)題含解析一、高中英語語法填空1.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 The MidAutumn Day is a very important traditional festival in China. It takes its name from the fact that it ________(celebrate) in the middle of the autumn season. The MidAutumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the ________ (eight) lunar month. The day is known as the Moon Festival, as at that time of the year the moon is at its roundest and ________(bright). It is an evening celebration in ________ families gather together and eat moon cakes. Besides, ________(make) the house more beautiful, people will hang red lanterns in front of it. On that day, people look back on the past and look forward to the future together. Children will play with their own ________(toy) and enjoy themselves. The MidAutumn Festival celebrations date back ________ more than 2,000 years. The word MidAutumn first ________(appear) in the famous ancient book Zhou Li. However, it was not until the early Tang Dynasty that people celebrated the day as a traditional festival. It became an ________(official) established festival during the Song Dynasty, and has bee as popular as the Spring Festival since the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Celebrations have continued ever since and more customs for ________(mark) this occasion have been formed.【答案】 is celebrated;eighth;brightest;which;to make;toys;to;appeared;officially;marking 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了中秋節(jié)。說明了中秋節(jié)的時間、節(jié)日活動以及節(jié)日的歷史。 (1)考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意:它的名字來源于它是在秋季中期舉行的慶祝活動。本句中主語與謂語動詞構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,且描述客觀事實應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。主語為it,謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)。故填is celebrated。 (2)考查數(shù)詞。句意:中秋節(jié)在農(nóng)歷八月十五。中秋節(jié)是在農(nóng)歷的“第八個”月份,故應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞“第八”eighth。故填eighth。 (3)考查形容詞。句意:這一天被稱為中秋節(jié),因為在一年的這個時候,月亮是最圓最亮的。根據(jù)上文roundest and可知應(yīng)填形容詞最高級,表示“最亮的”,故填brightest。 (4)考查定語從句。句意:這是一個晚上的慶?;顒樱胰司墼谝黄鸪栽嘛?。本句為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)定語從句修飾先行詞an evening celebration,且做介詞in的賓語,指“慶?!被顒討?yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。 (5)考查非謂語動詞。句意:此外,為了使房子更漂亮,人們會在房子前面掛紅燈籠。本句中make做非謂語動詞,表目的應(yīng)用不定式。故填to make。 (6)考查名詞。句意:孩子們會玩自己的玩具,玩得很開心。toy為可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)上文their可知玩具不止一個應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填toys。 (7)考查介詞。句意:中秋節(jié)的慶?;顒涌梢宰匪莸?000多年前。date back to固定短語,“追溯到”,故填to。 (8)考查時態(tài)。句意:“中秋”一詞最早出現(xiàn)在著名的古籍《周禮》中。此處描述“中秋”一詞最早出現(xiàn),應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填appeared。 (9)考查副詞。句意:它在宋朝成為正式確立的節(jié)日,自明清以來就和春節(jié)一樣流行。修飾動詞establish應(yīng)用副詞,故填officially。 (10)考查非謂語動詞。句意:從那以后,慶祝活動一直在繼續(xù),并形成了更多紀(jì)念這一時刻的習(xí)俗。for為介詞后跟動名詞作賓語,故填marking。 【點評】本題考點涉及時態(tài)語態(tài),數(shù)詞,形容詞,定語從句,非謂語動詞,名詞,介詞,副詞,非謂語動詞等多個知識點的考查,是一篇文化類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識,進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。2.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Since ________ first fully artificial plastic was invented in 1907, humans ________(find) innumerable uses for the material. It has found ________(it) way into our tools, our clothes and even our bodies. In a new study in ________(environment) science and technology, researchers estimate the average American eats more than 50,000 pieces of microplastic particles, ________(small) than 5 millimeters in length every year and breathes in another 50,000. Although the health ________(effect) of consuming these tiny bits of plastic are unclear, researchers stress the real volume that people are ________(casual) swallowing is alarming. The largest contributor came ________ drinking bottled water, in ________ the bottle itself added more than 32 times more plastic to a diet ________(pare) with tap water, The Guardian reports.【答案】 the;have found;its;environmental;smaller;effects;casually;from;which;pared 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章提出了人工塑料滲入到我們生活的方方面面。在環(huán)境科學(xué)與技術(shù)的一項新研究中,研究人員估計,美國人平均每年吃掉5萬多塊塑料微粒,這些微粒的長度小于5毫米,再吸入5萬粒塑料微粒。主要誘因是飲用瓶裝水。 (1)考查冠詞。句意:自從1907年第一個完全人工塑料被發(fā)明以來。根據(jù)first可知此處用冠詞the。故填the。 (2)考查時態(tài)。句意:人類已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種材料的無數(shù)用途。since引導(dǎo)的時間從句要用一般過去時,主句要用現(xiàn)在完成時。分析句子成分可知,主語是humans,故謂語動詞為have found。故填have found。 (3)考查代詞。句意:它已經(jīng)滲入我們的工具、我們的衣服甚至我們的身體。way是名詞,此處應(yīng)該用形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞。故填its。 (4)考查形容詞。句意:在環(huán)境科學(xué)與技術(shù)的一項新研究中。此處要用形容詞修飾名詞science and technology(科學(xué)與技術(shù))。故填environmental。 (5)考查形容詞。句意:美國人平均每年吃掉5萬多塊塑料微粒,這些微粒的長度小于5毫米,再吸入5萬粒塑料微粒。根據(jù)than可知此處要用形容詞比較級。故填smaller。 (6)考查名詞。句意:盡管食用這些小塑料碎片對健康的影響尚不清楚。根據(jù)the health是主語的一部分,可知此處用名詞作主語,且謂語動詞是are,故用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),填effects。 (7)考查副詞。句意:但研究人員強(qiáng)調(diào),人們隨意吞下的塑料碎片的實際數(shù)量令人擔(dān)憂。此處要用副詞修飾動詞swallowing 。故填casually。 (8)考查介詞。句意:最大促成物來自飲用瓶裝水。e from,固定短語,“來自”。故填from。 (9)考查定語從句。句意:瓶裝水在日常飲食中添加的塑料量是自來水的32倍多。分析句子成分可知,先行詞為drinking bottled water,指物,且作in的賓語,故此處填which。故填which。 (10)考查非謂語動詞。句意:瓶裝水在日常飲食中添加的塑料量是自來水的32倍多。分析句子可知,the bottle itself與pare在邏輯上是被動關(guān)系。故填pared。 【點評】本題考點涉及冠詞,時態(tài),代詞,形容詞,名詞,介詞,副詞,定語從句以及非謂語動詞的等多個知識點的考查,是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識,進(jìn)行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。3.語法填空 Many of the earth39。s plants and animals have already________(die) out, and a hundred species bee ________(endanger) every day. If nothing is done, we may find ourselves________ (lonely) on the earth. Wild animals live in the________ (forest) which are being destroyed by people. As________ result, the animals are _______