【正文】 （英語）高考英語閱讀理解(教育文化)易錯剖析一、高中英語閱讀理解教育文化類1．閱讀理解 Dear Mom, The big question which shocked parents often ask their child after a confrontational(沖突) moment is, Where did you get this attitude from? I know you hate to admit it, but I get much of my determined and strongwilled nature from you. Mom, I know it39。s hard dealing with the teenage anxiety and the everchanging moods that e with raising a child. But you should also marvel at the fact that I39。ve made it this far, that I39。m healthy and happy. When I was small, I would attend barbecues and family events and wander away from my parents. It wouldn39。t be long before someone would stop me to ask whether I was my mother39。s daughter. Your mom is Melissa, they39。d say, a warm smile on their faces. Is that Tight? I would nod. I think parents feel much hurt when their child talks back or defies them, I was shocked at this statement. To me, I acted nothing like you, Mom. No one says, I know you39。re Melissa39。s daughter because of your eyes and nose. It39。s the character traits(特點)that seal the deal. Dry wit, intelligence, and yes, maybe a little bit of attitudethese are the things I am grateful I have received from you. There39。s nothing wrong with having attitude. Like for most black individuals, attitude is what defines you and me, and it39。s what keeps us from being mentally oppressed and defeated. Attitude is a nonviolent form of protection and confrontationwhere would we be in the world without this tool? Surely not where we are. Mom, when people ask me where I get my attitude from, I tell them: you. And when they ask me where I got my drive, my work ethic, my good hair, and my sense of humor, I say you as well. I will always say this. When I39。m asked why I am the way I am, why I refuse to allow others to hurt me with their words or actions and why I think and speak about things openly and without fear. I39。ll tell them it39。s because of you. I39。ll plain to you about the arguments between us that leave me wondering about how God made us so much alike that we hardly even noticed. But I39。ll tell them about you.Love,Malahni（1）In this letter, Malahni mainly expressed her to her mother. （2）People recognized Malahni as Melissa39。s daughter mainly because of her . traits（3）The underlined word defies in the 4th paragraph most probably means . to obey with pride in to understand（4）Malahni can be a woman . to be oppressed and defeated to get along with a positive attitude towards life violent confrontation【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了作者母親對于作者的人生態(tài)度的影響。 （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“I know you hate to admit it, but I get much of my determined and strongwilled nature from you.”我知道你不愿意承認這一點，但我從你身上學到了很多我的堅強意志；以及倒數(shù)第二段中的“When I39。m asked why I am the way I am, why I refuse to allow others to hurt me with their words or actions and why I think and speak about things openly and without fear. I39。ll tell them it39。s because of you.”當我被問及為什么我是現(xiàn)在的我，為什么我拒絕讓別人用他們的言語或行動傷害我，為什么我公開地、毫無畏懼地思考和談論事情。我會告訴他們是因為你?？赏浦谶@封信中，Malahni主要表達了她對母親的愛。故選B。 （2）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的“It39。s the character traits that seal the deal. Dry wit, intelligence, and yes, maybe a little bit of attitudethese are the things I am grateful I have received from you. There39。s nothing wrong with having attitude.”是性格特征讓他們達成了共識。機智、智慧，是的，也許還有一點態(tài)度——這些是我從你那里得到的東西，我很感激。態(tài)度并沒有錯?？芍藗冋J出Malahni是Melissa的女兒主要是因為她的性格特點。故選C。 （3）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第四段中的“parents feel much hurt when their child talks back or”可知父母在他們的孩子頂嘴或反抗他們時感到很受傷，故劃線單詞意思為“反抗；拒絕服從”故選A。 （4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“But you should also marvel at the fact that I39。ve made it this far, that I39。m healthy and happy.”但你也應該驚訝于我已經(jīng)走了這么遠，我很健康，很快樂。以及下文Malahni說明自己如何用自己的態(tài)度來使自己免于精神上的壓迫和失敗，可推知Malahni是一個對生活有積極態(tài)度的女人。故選C。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解 Recently, people in the US education have got extremely worried because a new report has shown that American students have a maths problem. The 2015 Programme for International Student Assessment(評估)(PISA) shows maths scores in the US getting lower and no improvement in science or reading. PISA tests 15yearolds from different countries and regions in their maths, science and reading skills. About 540,000 students from 72 countries and regions took part in the assessment in 2015. US scores in reading and science were about the same as three years ago, leaving Americans near the middle of the bigger group. But the situation in maths is much more worrying. The US average score was 470,below the OECD(經(jīng)合組織) test average of 490,meaning the US was among the 72 countries and areas. It was 12 points lower than in 2012 and 18 points lower than in 2009. So, what is going on with American students39。 maths skills? One reason may be that the US does not teach maths in enough depth. Students are often good at answering the first part of a problem in the United States, said Andreas Schleicher, director of education and skills at OECD. But as soon as students have to go deeper and answer the more plicated part of a problem, they have difficulties. In parison, many highperforming countries and regions in maths teach a lot less but focus in much greater depth, especially when you look at East Asia, Japan and Singapore, according to Schleicher. Another reason may be the fact that many people in the US are unwilling to travel to foreign countries to learn better teaching practices. One of our biggest challenges in the US is that the teachers are not going out and seeing what highperforming countries do differently, said Wendy Kopp, who started Teach for America ,in a news programme.（1）When it es to the 2015 PISA results, people in the US education are more concerned about . A.the US average scoreB.the differences from the previous PISAC.American students39。 performance in mathsD.American students39。 situation in science and reading skills（2）What can we learn