【正文】 （英語）高二英語語法填空試題經(jīng)典含解析一、語法填空1．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 The Forbidden City in Beijing, home to the Palace Museum, houses more than million cultural relics and is one of the world39。s most visited tourist attractions. ________ (mark) the 600th anniversary of the Forbidden City, the Palace Museum will hold a series of events throughout 2020.Over 20 exhibitions will be held, ________ (cover) different areas such as history, art, festivals, and so on. For the special occasion, Along the River during the Qingming Festival, one of China39。s most ________ (wide) known masterpieces, will go on display in September 2020. For ________ (it) best preservation, this treasured artwork is seldom fully exhibited. The painting ________ (display) for the first time back in 2005 to celebrate the museum39。s 80th anniversary. Such ________ rare sight is expected to draw huge crowds. In addition, the museum will also display exhibits from other ________ (country). During the past few years, the Palace Museum has been working hard to get the public familiar ________ the history and culture of the Forbidden City. And it seems that these efforts have been paying off, with its ________ (popular) reaching a new height. Over 17 million people visited the museum in 2018, of ________ 40 percent were under 30 years old.【答案】 To mark；covering；widely；its；was displayed；a；countries；with；popularity；whom 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了北京故宮博物院所在地，擁有180多萬件文物，是世界上游客最多的旅游景點(diǎn)之一。 （1）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：為了紀(jì)念故宮建城600周年，故宮博物院將在2020年舉辦一系列活動(dòng)。本句已經(jīng)存在謂語動(dòng)詞且句中沒有連詞，故mark只能做非謂語，表目的用不定式，故填To mark。 （2）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：將舉辦20多個(gè)展覽，涵蓋歷史、藝術(shù)、節(jié)日等不同領(lǐng)域。本句中cover做非謂語與邏輯主語20 exhibitions構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞，填covering。 （3）考查副詞。known為形容詞，需要副詞修飾，故填widely。 （4）考查代詞。preservation為名詞，需要形容詞修飾，故用形容詞性物主代詞，填its。 （5）考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：這幅畫于2005年首次展出，以慶祝該博物館成立80周年。本句中display與主語painting構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語2005故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語為單數(shù)，故填was displayed。 （6）考查冠詞。sight為名詞，此處表泛指“一個(gè)罕見的景象”應(yīng)用不定冠詞，故填a。 （7）考查名詞。country為可數(shù)名詞，由other修飾，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式，填countries。 （8）考查介詞。be familiar with ，“熟悉某物”后跟介詞with，故填with。 （9）考查名詞。its為形容詞性物主代詞后跟名詞，故填popularity。 （10）考查定語從句。句意：2018年，超過1700萬人參觀了博物館，其中40%的人年齡在30歲以下。本句為定語從句修飾先行詞17 million people，先行詞在從句中做介詞of的賓語，指人，故填whom。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及非謂語動(dòng)詞，副詞，代詞，時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)，冠詞，名詞，介詞以及定語從句等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。2．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Each time I take the underground I find myself ________ (surround) by dozens of passengers playing smartphones. They almost won39。t even give a glance at the outside world. You may think it is normal to play smartphones ________ (kill) time. What39。s worse, when I talk with some of my friends, they talk as playing, which is really an ________ (annoy). I really miss the old days when I ________ (chat) with some passengers on the train. Now things are different. Everyone just concentrates ________ their smartphones. When talking with them, ________ seems that you are disturbing their playing smartphones. I could not just blame them for I am moving to be one like them. Sometimes I just feel we ________ (large) ignore our neighbors and want to keep in touch with ________ (distance) strangers through the Internet. We care about the things far away but pay no attention to the needs nearby. ________ ridiculous the situation is! In a way we ________ (control) by smartphones now. Are you experiencing the same situation like me? Do you have any ways to avoid that?【答案】 surrounded；to kill；annoyance；chatted；on；it；largely；distant；How；are controlled 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述的是目前社會(huì)上存在的一種現(xiàn)象，到處可以看到每個(gè)人都只專注于他們的智能手機(jī)，在某種程度上人們被智能手機(jī)控制著。 （1）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：每次我乘坐地鐵，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被幾十名玩智能手機(jī)的乘客包圍。固定結(jié)構(gòu)：find +賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語。此處myself 和surround之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，是過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，故填surrounded。 （2）考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：你可能認(rèn)為玩智能手機(jī)來消磨時(shí)間很正常。此處it是形式主語，動(dòng)詞不定式作真正的主語。故答案為to kill。 （3）考查名詞。句意：更糟糕的是，當(dāng)我和我的一些朋友聊天時(shí)，他們邊玩邊聊天，這真的很煩人。根據(jù)an可知此空用名詞形式，故填annoyance。 （4）考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我很懷念以前在火車上和一些乘客聊天的日子。結(jié)合句意可知此處指過去的事情，所以句子用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，故填chatted。 （5）考查介詞。句意：每個(gè)人都只專注于他們的智能手機(jī)。concentrate on固定短語，“集中精力于”，故答案為on。 （6）考查代詞。句意：與他們交談時(shí)，你似乎打擾了他們玩智能手機(jī)。it seems that……，固定句式：“似乎，好像”，故填it。 （7）考查副詞。句意：有時(shí)我只是覺得我們很大程度上忽視了鄰居，想通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與遠(yuǎn)方的陌生人保持聯(lián)系。此處ignore“忽視”是動(dòng)詞，由副詞來修飾，故填largely。 （8）考查形容詞。句意：有時(shí)我只是覺得我們很大程度上忽視了鄰居，想通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與遠(yuǎn)方的陌生人保持聯(lián)系。此處strangers是名詞，由形容詞來修飾，故填distant。 （9）考查感嘆句。句意：這種情況多么可笑啊!這是一個(gè)感嘆句，此處ridiculous是形容詞，用how來修飾，故填How。 （10）考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：在某種程度上，我們現(xiàn)在被智能手機(jī)控制著。此處指目前的一種事實(shí)，且謂語動(dòng)詞和句子主語we之間是一種被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故答案為are controlled。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及非謂語動(dòng)詞，名詞，時(shí)態(tài)，介詞，代詞，副詞，形容詞，感嘆句等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫出正確的單詞形式。3．閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 As Alison Gopnik described in her recent book, there are two kinds of parents in modern America: The Carpenter and the Gardener. The carpenter thinks that his or her child can________(shape). The idea is that if you just do the right things, get the right skills and read the right books, you39。re going to be able to turn your child ________a particular kind of adult， she said The gardener, however is seldom concerned about ________ (control) what the child will bee and instead provides a protected space ________explore). The style is all about: creating a rich, nutritious but also variable, diverse, active ecosystem. Gopnik, a psychology and philosophy professor at the University of California, Berkeley, said. Many parents are carpenters, and ________is really necessary for them to bring up their children. She spent decades researching children39。s development and finally ________(find) that parents often focused too much on what their children would be as adults. The harm is that parents and their children may bee________ (anxiety), tense or unhappy. We39。re so concerned about our children ________ we think have difficulty mastering their own future that we39。re unwilling to allow them to ________ (free) explore the world. she says. The truth is that the ________ (little) that parents worry about outes, the better their children may live in life.【答案】 be shaped；into；controlling；to explore；it；found；anxious