【正文】 （英語）高一英語閱讀理解(科普環(huán)保)提高訓(xùn)練及解析一、高中英語閱讀理解科普環(huán)保類1．犇犇閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 Gardeners such as Prince Charles who claim that talking to plants encourages them to grow have long been seen as a little silly. But scientists have discovered evidence which suggests the Royal may actually be right and they could be listening to him. Biologists at Tel Aviv University in Israel have found that flowers can act as a plant39。s ears to help them detect the sound of approaching insects. When the researchers played recordings of flying bees to evening primrose flowers, within three minutes the sugar concentrations in the nectar (花蜜) of its flowers increased. The fluid, produced to attract pollinating (授粉) insects, was on average 20 percent higher in flowers exposed to the buzz pared to those left in silence or exposed to higher pitched sounds. Professor Lilach Hadany, who led the study, said: Our results document for the first time that plants can rapidly respond to pollinator sounds in an ecologically relevant way. However, Prof Hadany said a plant39。s ability to respond to pollinators may be weakened in city environments or beside a busy road. While plants require water, sunlight and the right temperature to grow, it is widely believed they do not have senses in the way animals do. But the study, published on the openscience website BioRxiv, suggests the efforts of gardeners who talk to their plants may not be in vain. Plants39。 ability to hear has implications well beyond pollination—plants could potentially hear and respond to herbivores, other animals, the elements, and possibly other plants, Prof Hadany added. A monthlong experiment conducted by the Royal Horticultural Society in 2009 found female voices appear to speed up the growth of tomatoes. The research offers a possible explanation — women39。s voices were at the right frequency for the plants to hear.（1）What39。s evening primrose flowers39。 response to bees39。 buzz? A.Longer bloom.B.Sweeter nectar.C.Brighter color.D.Less fluid.（2）Where can plants grow better according to Hadany? A.On a square.B.Beside a highway.C.In the woods.D.Along the street.（3）What can we infer from the research? A.Prince Charles proves kind of stupid.B.Plants can only potentially hear animals.C.Plants respond to sounds slowly and ecologically.D.Plants gardeners talk to frequently develop well.（4）What does the text mainly talk about? A.Flowers can hear.B.Bees are best pollinators.C.Plants can39。t grow without sound.D.Women39。s voices improve plants39。 growth.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了人與植物的交流可以促其生長。 （1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“When the researchers played recordings of flying bees to evening primrose flowers, within three minutes the sugar concentrations in the nectar (花蜜) of its flowers increased.”可知，蜜蜂飛到夜來香花，在三分鐘內(nèi)其花朵花蜜的糖的濃度會增加，所以花蜜會更甜。故選B。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“However, Prof Hadany said a plant39。s ability to respond to pollinators may be weakened in city environments or beside a busy road. ”哈達尼教授認為，植物對傳粉者做出反應(yīng)的能力可能會在城市環(huán)境或繁忙道路旁減弱。從而推斷可知，在叢林里的植物生長得更好。故選C。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“But the study, published on the openscience website BioRxiv, suggests the efforts of gardeners who talk to their plants may not be in vain.”研究表明，園丁們和他們的植物交談的努力可能不會白費。從而推斷可知，園丁經(jīng)常與植物交談，生長得更好。故選D。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段“Gardeners such as Prince Charles who claim that talking to plants encourages them to grow have long been seen as a little silly. But scientists have discovered evidence which suggests the Royal may actually be right and they could be listening to him. Biologists at Tel Aviv University in Israel have found that flowers can act as a plant39。s ears to help them detect the sound of approaching insects.”及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述人與植物的交流可以促其生長。故選A。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．犇犇閱讀理解 You know those nutrition guidelines the government issues every few years? It turns out that following them isn39。t just good for your health. It39。s good for the planet, too. What we found is that impacts vary across nations, but in the high173。impact nations, in general, you can see that, if you follow a nationally remended diet, despite the fact that these diets don39。t mention explicitly—or most of them don39。t explicitly mention—environmental impacts, that you are going to have lower environmental impacts due to that. So that39。s sort of fairly clear across all the high173。ine nations. said Paul Behrens, an environmental scientist at Leiden University in the Netherlands. The food we eat takes a big toll on the environment. A third of the ice173。free land on Earth is used for agriculture, and according to some estimates, producing food accounts for roughly a fifth of all human173。caused greenhouse gas emissions. Fertilizer runoff also leads to other problems, like the algae blooms in Lake Eerie and the Dead Zone in the Gulf of Mexico. However, following dietary guidelines would reduce those impacts, especially in wealthy countries like the US. Most of the reductions e from meat and dairy, which have an outsized impact on land use and pollution, and are a major source of greenhouse gases.(That39。s partly due to cow farts. Seriously.) Following the suggestions would also mean eating fewer calories, since many people here eat more than they need. Overall, in high173。ine countries, Behren39。s team estimates that following the rules could result in as much as a 17 percent reduction in land use, a 21 percent reduction in nutrient pollution, and a 25 percent drop in agricultural greenhouse gas emissions. Cutting down on how much food we waste—which is roughly a third in the US—could help even more. The results are in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Of course, people are notoriously bad at following