【正文】 （英語）高一英語閱讀理解(科普環(huán)保)技巧(很有用)及練習(xí)題一、高中英語閱讀理解科普環(huán)保類1．犇犇閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 While every dog owner knows their dogs can read their moods perfectly, scientists have always been a little doubtful. Now thanks to some researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna, Austria, we finally have some convincing evidence. For their study, biologist Corson Miller and his team exposes eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy. Half the dogs were rewarded for touching the screen when shown a happy face, while the other half got their treat for selecting those that appeared angry. Interestingly, the dogs were not provided with the entire face. Some dogs were shown only upper halves while the others observed lower halves. That39。s because the scientists believe humans show their emotions on their entire face. After some training like how to recognize small differences like the wrinkles between the eyes or the changes in their shape that acpany the happy or angry expressions, the dogs were mostly able to identify the correct expression not only on a familiar face but on a strange face. The researchers concluded the dogs were smart enough to read human emotions. They also found those being trained to read angry expressions took a longer time to learn. They guess it may be because dogs find angry faces disgusting, causing them to withdraw quickly. However, once the smart dogs realized they were getting rewarded, the trepidation seemed to disappear. In fact, the dogs had such a good time playing the puter game That scientists had a hard time keeping them away from the touch screens after the study was pleted. The researchers also noticed only dogs with a male owner had a harder time understanding the expressions correctly. Since the touchscreen models were all females, this confirmed what has been observed in previous studies dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender as their owner.（1）How did the scientists conduct the experiment? leaving dogs to women who are either happy or angry. mixing the selected dogs together. rewarding only half of the dogs touching the screen showing digital pictures of women39。s happy or angry faces.（2）The underlined word trepidation in Paragraph 5 probably means ________. and hesitation and eagerness and happiness and sadness（3）According to the last paragraph, dogs with female owners ________. fond of the male faces uninterested in telling the emotions on the entire faces difficulty telling the moods on the faces of males only recognize emotions of females（4）What is the best title for this passage? Changes Influence Dogs Identify the Moods and Their Owners39。s Mood Research【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，最新的實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，即狗能夠識(shí)別人的面部表情的變化。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的For their study biologist Corson Miller and his team exposed eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy.可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)人員通過屏幕向這些狗展示了一組女性面部表情的照片，這些表情中既有快樂的，也有憤怒的。故選D。 （2）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第五段中的They guess it may be because dogs find angry faces disgusting, causing them to withdraw quickly以及However可知，與前面意思相反，以及劃線詞后的disappear可知once the smart dogs realized they were getting rewarded, the trepidation seemed to disappear.…此句為，狗看到生氣的表情后會(huì)感到厭惡，并由此退縮，但是一旦聰明的狗意識(shí)到會(huì)有獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)之后，它們的恐懼以及退縮就會(huì)消失。由此可判斷出A符合題意，故選A。 （3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的......this confirmed what had been observed in previous studies―dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender as their owner可知，狗擅長辨別與自己主人性別相同的人的表情，由此推斷，讓主人是女性的狗來辨別男性面部表情的圖片是比較困難的。故選C。 （4）考查主旨大意。第一段提出文章的主旨即“每個(gè)狗的主人都知道他們的狗狗能很好地讀懂他們的情緒，但科學(xué)家們一直有點(diǎn)懷疑?，F(xiàn)在，有證據(jù)表明這是正確的”，接著在下文用硬實(shí)證明了這一點(diǎn)。因此本文的最好的題目就是“狗能識(shí)別人的情緒”。故選B。 【點(diǎn)評】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．犇犇閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 Why does time seem to fly by faster as we get old? You39。ve got your aging brain to blame. This is likely due largely to the physical changes of our nerves and neurons (神經(jīng)元). New research suggests 39。rapid fire39。 abilities of the young brain allow us to process more information during youth, causing the days to seem longer earlier in life. However, as we get old, researchers say the older brain takes more time to process information. The new finding put forward by a Duke University researcher was published in a paper in the journal European Review this week According to Adrian Bejan, the J. A Jones Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Duke, the physical changes of our nerves and neurons play, a major role in our perception (知覺) of time as we get old. Over the years these structures bee more plex and eventually begin to degrade. Little babies, for example, move their eyes much more often than adults because they39。re processing images at a faster rate, Beian says, For older people, this means fewer images are being processed in the same amount of time, causing experiences to seem as though they39。re happening more quickly.（1）What causes time to fly faster as we get old? A.Changes of our nerves and neurons.B.Information in our brain.C.The electrical signals.D.Rapid fire abilities.（2）What is unavoidable in the process of getting old? A.Longer days.B.Aging brains.C.More images.D.Less experience.（3）Why do the days seem longer earlier in life? A.Young people are more energetic in their life.B.The younger brain takes less time to process information.C.Old people have fewer things to do than young people.D.Little babies move their eyes much more often.（4）What is the best title of the text? A.Nerves and NeuronsB.Time Flies FastC.The Older, the FasterD.The Function of the Brain【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了為什么老年人會(huì)覺得時(shí)間過得較快，主要原因是隨著年齡的增長，大腦中神經(jīng)元的變化讓老年人的大腦需要更多的時(shí)間來處理接收到的信息，這樣就會(huì)讓他們覺得時(shí)間過得較快。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的 This is likely due largely to the phy