【正文】 and lead to the attainment of actual used to think/ It was once thought that ….In the past/ old days ….But things are quitedifferent/ few people now share this ….But most scientists/ researchers/ doctors have nowfound that….：此類句型主要用于討論一個有爭議性主題的文章。文章的開頭用一個要討論或解答的問題設(shè)問，可以一下激起讀者的興趣。 do you(What do you / Do you ever)think of…? How do you(What do you / Do you ever)see…? Your answer to these questions will differ(reflect… / reveal…)but….How do we think of the heavy burden a student has to carry from kindergarten through graduate school? How do we measure success in education? How does education affect not only labor skills but the quality of life? In seeking answers to such questions, there is much roomindeed necessityfor consideration and robust .“Why do(have)…?” Many people often ask(pose)the question like ：用于通過文章前面的討論分析，引出文章的中心思想和論點(diǎn)。 conclusion(summary)I would like to say(it seems obvious)that it is a question(issue / problem)that deserves(worthy of)special attention(serious consideration / immediate notice)from the conclusion I would like to say that change is a problemconfronting most of us changes that have already taken place in every field of our life are of the growth that has already began this evolution there are great rewards to be won—by those who are willing to take the opportunities being precious(real / valuable / moral)lesson to be learnt(drawn)from the story(thing)is….The conclusion we can draw/arrive at/e is to…: 本句型用語揭示如果所討論的問題不能解決，或不采取某種行動的話，將會產(chǎn)生什么樣的后果。 person(nation / society)who(which)ignores(is blind to /fails to learn)the lesson(warning)would pay a heavy price(e to no good end / end in failure/disaster/nothing) need to take a fresh(clear/second/cleareyed)look at the problem(matter/ situation)from a wider standpoint(morebroadly/seriously / in a new perspective/an optimistic light), otherwise, we don’t e anywhere near understanding(achieving)….We need to take a cleareyed look at how we are bringing up our young boys and girls in this changed culture and society。otherwise, we won’t e anywhere near understanding the psychological dynamics that lead children to adopt a rebellious attitude toward parents and school : 方向性句類似建議型句型，唯一的差別是方向性句型在結(jié)尾時對問題的解決提出一個總的、大體的努力方向或指明前景。 is no easy(logical / quick/ immediate / effective)method(solution / approach /answer / remedy)to the(problem / question / issue)of … , but … might be useful(helpful / beneficial).There is no easy, logical way new method or solution is at hand to render our children immune from constantly repeated TV few watching hours and more constructive programs might be the first step in the right will happen to … ?(How much change will take place/Whether it is likely or not,)we don’t yet know for certain(no one can say exactly / precisely/ nobody really knows)what …, but one thing is certain /clear(the direction is clear).How much change in marriage behavior has taken place during the last decade? Nobody really one thing is certain: attitudes towards marriage among those who have grown up after the cultural revolutionthose under 30 in other wordsare strikingly different from those of earlier is clear(obvious / evident / apparent / no surprising), therefore, that the task of … , demands(requires / deserves / involves)great(immediate / considerable / serious/more)attention(efforts / emphasis / consideration).第二篇：英語文章開頭結(jié)尾常用句型以下是各種開頭寫法常用的句型。一、常用提出概括的句型。 following characteristics may best demonstrate certain advantages of …2.? In general, the situation is still bright side and the dark side of … have been summarized as people have different opinions（ideas）about ? daily life, we often meet with various situations concerning … enjoy several benefits from … attitudes towards … may be listed as 、常用點(diǎn)明主題的句型。 has been said that … my opinion, it is right to … a certain sense, …三、常用介紹評述對象的句型。1.?refer to …2.?may be described as …3.…can be defined as …四、常用交代目的的句型。 order to … I write this present author（筆者、本文作者）has written this essay so as to ? article is written not for the purpose of …, but for the purpose of … position is written for the sake of … have this report published in the hope of … to（Because of, Due to）?, I write these 、常用提出問題的句型。 has caused the problem?