【正文】 以來的文化散文南京大學(xué)中國現(xiàn)當(dāng)代文學(xué)專業(yè)2012年考博試題（回憶版）(20120311 19:29:15)標(biāo)簽：南京大學(xué) 中國現(xiàn)當(dāng)代文學(xué) 考博試題 張文民 校園中國語言文學(xué)綜合任選兩題，每題50分：一．文學(xué)敘事與歷史敘事的關(guān)系；二．清代章學(xué)誠說：“蓋至戰(zhàn)國而文章之變盡，至戰(zhàn)國而著作之事專，至戰(zhàn)國而后世之文體備?！庇终f：“戰(zhàn)國始以竹帛代口耳。”談?wù)勀愕睦斫?；三．中國古代文學(xué)批評方法非常豐富，請列舉6種文學(xué)批評方法，選擇其中2種敘述其歷史發(fā)展概況，并從中分析文學(xué)批評的民族特色；四．結(jié)合具體作家作品，論述20世紀(jì)中國文學(xué)中現(xiàn)實主義、現(xiàn)代主義兩種傳統(tǒng)各自不同的特征、成就、價值與不足，并分析其原因；五．近代以來，中國文學(xué)論者引進(jìn)西方概念、術(shù)語構(gòu)筑文學(xué)理論體系，從事文學(xué)批評。這些引進(jìn)的概念、術(shù)語在中國語境中產(chǎn)生了新的意蘊，與西方語境下的內(nèi)涵既有聯(lián)系又有差異，試就“羅曼蒂克／浪漫主義（romantic）”、“感傷的（sentimental）”、“現(xiàn)實主義／寫實主義（realism）”擇一考察辨析； 六．漢語史研究分為語音史研究、詞匯史研究、語法史研究幾個方向，如果研究兩漢的語音史、詞匯史、語法史，可以有什么樣的研究思路？采用哪些語料？按照總集、別集、史部、子部（含宗教類）、注釋類（含辭書）等分類，每類選一兩種加以論述，并闡明研究思路；七．基于語言事實，論述語音、語義、詞匯、語用、語法之間的作用關(guān)系。中國現(xiàn)當(dāng)代文學(xué)基礎(chǔ)論中國新文學(xué)從“現(xiàn)代”到“當(dāng)代”的轉(zhuǎn)變。（100分）附：我的答題提綱一．轉(zhuǎn)變的發(fā)生：（一）20世紀(jì)40年代的文學(xué)界；（二）1942年延安整風(fēng)與毛澤東《在延安文藝座談會上的講話》導(dǎo)致的文學(xué)思潮的轉(zhuǎn)向；（三）1948年前后左翼文藝陣營對內(nèi)部異己力量及對自由主義思潮的批判、清算；二．轉(zhuǎn)變的表現(xiàn)：（一）主流作家隊伍的整體性更迭；（二）文學(xué)地域及文學(xué)格局的改變；（三）主流文學(xué)性質(zhì)的變化：“啟蒙”的文學(xué)到“革命”的、“政治”的文學(xué)的轉(zhuǎn)變； “人”的文學(xué)到“階級”的、“國家”的文學(xué)的轉(zhuǎn)變； “批判性”、“暴露性”、“悲劇性”的文學(xué)到“贊頌型”、“謳歌型”的文學(xué)的轉(zhuǎn)變；（四）文學(xué)形態(tài)及文學(xué)風(fēng)格的變化：； ； ；；，及“民間化”、“大眾化”甚至是“農(nóng)民化”風(fēng)格； 三．轉(zhuǎn)變的影響：文學(xué)現(xiàn)代化、思想啟蒙的中斷，政治意識形態(tài)主宰文學(xué)。南京大學(xué)中國現(xiàn)當(dāng)代文學(xué)專業(yè)2009年考博試題（回憶版）(20090318 21:21:23)標(biāo)簽：中國現(xiàn)當(dāng)代文學(xué) 考博試題 南京大學(xué) 張文民 校園 教育中國現(xiàn)當(dāng)代文學(xué)基礎(chǔ)論述，每題20分：；；；4.“文革”時期的手抄本小說；。中國現(xiàn)當(dāng)代文學(xué)思潮與流派論述，任選兩題，每題50分：、新文學(xué)批評（文學(xué)思想）的基本面貌怎樣，請概述之。有人將20世紀(jì)80年代新時期文學(xué)比擬為五四新文學(xué)，你的看法、理由是什么？近來又有“重回80年代”之說，提出再度清理80年代文學(xué)的歷史意義與價值，你如何看待？ “十七年文學(xué)”的研究、評價頗受學(xué)界關(guān)注，你對相關(guān)研究成果了解多少？請在中國現(xiàn)當(dāng)代文學(xué)史的范疇內(nèi)以某一文學(xué)現(xiàn)象或作品為具體實例談?wù)勀銓Α笆吣晡膶W(xué)”的看法。，各體文學(xué)（交叉、跨際或稱邊緣文體）創(chuàng)作發(fā)展日見顯著，你能否介紹、描述其概況？請結(jié)合具體作品對這種現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行盡量充分的評析。總體感覺：不偏不難，答好不易。相關(guān)閱讀：武漢大學(xué)文學(xué)院中國現(xiàn)當(dāng)代文學(xué)專業(yè)2008年考博試題（回憶版）。第五篇：中國人民大學(xué)考博英語真題中國人民大學(xué)——英語2004年博士研究生入學(xué)考試試題客觀題部分請用鉛筆將此部分試題的答案填涂在答題卡上，否則無效！(10 points)PartA(5 points)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choicesmarked iL B, C arm 1).Choose the:one thatbest pletes thesentence and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar acrossthe square bracket on ANSWER SHEET : She prefers foreign wine to that produced__ The sentence should read,?！癝he prefers foreign wine to that produce domesticany.” Therefore, you should choose Answer[A] [B] [C] [D] sport should create goodwill between the nations, but in the present organization of the Olympics somehow encourages__ Z One call understand others much better by noting the immediate and fleeting reactions of their eyes and __ to expressed innately _____ for superiority over their peers although it sometimes takes the form of an exaggerated lust for scientists have suggested that Earth is a kind of, zoo or wildlifefor intelligent space beings, like the wilderness areas we have set up on earth to allow animals to develop naturally while we observe to the latest report, consumer confidence___ a breathtaking 15 month, to its lowest level in 9 is a puter___ that destroyed files in puters andfrustrated thousands of users around the emphasis:on examinations is iby far form ofpetition in boy seemed more _____ to their poverty, after seeing how hisgrandparents his twomonth stay, in China, Tom never____ a chance topractice his on up by out a person dies, his debts must be paid before his ____ can be Part B(5 points)Directions: In each of the following sentences there is one word or phrase the sentence are four choices marked A, B, C, and the one that is closest in meaning to the underiined the corresponding letter with a single bar across the squarebracket on ANSWER SHEET : The secretary is Very petent。she can finish all these letters within one..。.,ca, ODe In this sentence, “petent” is closest。n m e:zting to “capable”.Therefore you should choose Answer[A] [B] [C] [DD] claims that advertising today tends to portray women in traditionalroles such as cooking or taking care of the D。criticize 12,.They achieved more than they had eyer dreamed, lending a magic tO their family story that no tale or ordinary life could possibly D exaggerate most urgent thing is to find a those toxic____ industrial Prime Minister Tony Blair promised the electorate that guns would nor be fired without an attempt to win a further analysis suggests that the tradeoff between our :children39。s college and our own retirement security is , signing of the treaty was regarded as a conspiracy against the British plan attack design effort , reference, and foomotes by the thousand testify to a scrupulous researcher who does considerable justice to a full range of different beorefical and political their spartan, isolated lifestyle, them are no stories of women being raped or wanton violence against civilians in the : gang derived their nickname from their dark clothing and blacked up faces raids in the C, brutal sometimes too lazy to work as hard as her sisters, Linda has a more avid fondness for the limelight, B, gallant (10 points)Directions : Read the following the best word for each numbered blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on Answer Sheet many other aspects of the puter age, Yahoo began as an idea, ___ 21 ___ into a hobby and Iately has ____22 ____ into a fulltime two developers of Yahoo, David Filo and Jerry Yang, candidates ___ 23 _ Electrical Engineering at Stanford University, started theirguide in April 1994 as a way to keep 24 of their personal interest on the long they ___25 ___ that their home,brewed