【正文】
......... 18 減振彈 簧的尺寸確定 .............................................................................................. 19 從動片相對從動盤轂的最大轉角 .......................................................................... 20 限位銷與從動盤缺口側邊的間隙 .......................................................................... 20 限位銷直徑 的確定 .................................................................................................. 20 從動盤轂缺口寬度及安裝窗口尺寸 ...................................................................... 20 本章小結 .................................................................................................................. 21 第 5 章 離合器操縱機構的設計 ............................................................................ 22 離合器的踏板位置、行程、和踏板力的設計計算 .............................................. 22 踏板位置 ........................................................................................................ 22 踏板行程 ........................................................................................................ 22 踏板 力 ............................................................................................................ 22 操縱系統(tǒng)的傳動比計算 .......................................................................................... 23 主缸和工作缸的設計計算 ...................................................................................... 24 主缸的工作原理及計算 ................................................................................ 24 分缸的工作原理及計算 ................................................................................ 25 本章小結 .................................................................................................................. 26 第 6 章 離合器其它零件的設計及計算 .............................................................. 27 黑龍江工程學院本科畢業(yè)生畢業(yè)設計 4 從動盤轂花鍵的設計計算 ...................................................................................... 27 壓盤的設計計算 ...................................................................................................... 28 分離軸承的設計計算 .............................................................................................. 30 從動片的設計 .......................................................................................................... 31 分離桿的材料 .......................................................................................................... 32 本章小結 .................................................................................................................. 32 結論 ...................................................................................................................................... 33 參考文獻 ............................................................................................................................. 34 致謝 ...................................................................................................................................... 35 摘 要 我國的車輛工業(yè)相對于世界其他先進國家相當落后,雖然從國外引進了許多新產(chǎn)品、新技術,但是離全 面掌握核心技術還有很長的差距。本設計最典型的中型載貨汽車技術參數(shù)為依據(jù),對其進行膜片彈簧離合器設計。希望能使我國離合器的自主開發(fā)能力及產(chǎn)品設計水平得到一定的提高。 現(xiàn)代汽車摩擦離合器在設計中根據(jù)車型的類別,使用要求,與發(fā)動機的匹配要求,制造條件以及標準化、通用化、系列化要求等,合理地設計離合器總成的結構顯的尤為重要。本文研究了離合器及其操縱機構系統(tǒng)的結構知識、設計理念及方法等。并且對離合器及其操縱機構的主要零件進行了詳細的設計計算,其中重點研究了膜片彈簧、扭轉減振器、操縱機構和摩擦片的設計方法、思路、理論。 對結構元件分析、主要參數(shù)及零件載荷的確定、強度計算方法都有詳細的介紹。 本設計得到了以粉末冶金材料作為離合器摩擦片摩擦材料的單片推式膜片彈簧離合器,滿足了較高性能的標準,取代了對環(huán)境有污染的石棉基摩擦材料。 關鍵詞: 離合器;膜片彈簧;摩擦片;操縱機構;設計 黑龍江工程學院本科畢業(yè)生畢業(yè)設計 5 ABSTRACT Vehicles industry of China is opposite to the world other advanced countries quite falls behind, although from overseas has introduced many new products, the new technology, but to prehensively grasps the core technology also to have the very long disparity. This design most typical medium truck technology parameter is the basis, carries on the diaphragm spring coupling design to it. The hope can cause our country coupling the independent development ability and the product design level obtains the certain enhancement. The modern automobile friction clutch acts according to the vehicle type in the design the category, the operation requirements, with the engine match requirement, the manufacture condition as well as the standardization, the universalization, the serialized requirement and so on, reasonably designs the structure which the coupling always bees to reveal especially is important. This article has studied the coupling and its the ontrols anization structure knowledge, the design idea and the method and so on. And has carried on the detailed design calculation to the coupling and its the ontrols anization major parts, has studied the disk spring, the reverse shock absorber, the ontrols anization with emphasis and the clutch plate design method, mentality, theory. To the structural element analysis, the main parameter and the ponents load determination, the strength calculation method all has the detailed introduction. This design obtained monolithic has pushed the type disk spring coupling by the powder metallurgy material as the clutch plate friction material, satisfied has pared the high performance the standard, substituted had the pollution to the conditions the asbestos base to rub the material. Key words: Clutch; Diaphragm Spring; The Clutch Plate; Ontrols Organization; Design 黑龍江工程學院本科畢業(yè)生畢業(yè)設計 6 第 1 章 緒 論 引言 在以內燃機作為動力的機械傳動汽車中,離合器都是作為一個獨立的 零件存在。雖然發(fā)展自動傳動系統(tǒng)是汽車傳動系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展趨勢,但也有專家指出:根據(jù)德國出版的 2020 年世界汽車年簽, 2020 年世界各國 114 家汽車所生產(chǎn)的 1864 款乘用車中,手動機械變速器車款為 1337 款;在我國,乘用車中自動擋車款式只占全國平均數(shù)的%;若考慮商用車中更是多數(shù)采用手動變速器,手動擋汽車目前仍是世界車款的主流(其中不排除一些國家或地區(qū)自動變速器車款是其主流產(chǎn)品)。談到未來,考慮到手動傳動系將向自動自動傳動系過度,但現(xiàn)在手動傳動戲也在不斷改善,因此也是自動傳動系的有力競爭對手。可以說,從目前 到將來離合器這一部件將會伴隨著內燃機一起存在,不可能在汽車上消失。 汽車離合器的現(xiàn)狀發(fā)展 汽車離合器的現(xiàn)狀 如今單片干式摩擦離合器在結構設計方面相當完善。采用具有軸向彈性的從動盤,提高了離合器結合的平順性。離合器從動盤總成中裝有扭轉減振器,防止了傳動系統(tǒng)的過載、共振,并且減小了傳動系噪聲。 近年來,出現(xiàn)了扭轉減振特性和性能價格比較為理想的雙質量飛輪結構,這種飛輪由初級飛輪、扭轉減振器和次級飛輪組成,采用徑向布置減振彈