氣候變化與清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制-文庫吧
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【正文】 es that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change ?應(yīng)采取一切實(shí)際可行的步驟，酌情促進(jìn)、 幫助和資助向其他締約方特別是發(fā)展中國家締約方轉(zhuǎn)讓或使他們有機(jī)會得到環(huán)境友好技術(shù)和專有技術(shù) Take all practicable steps to promote, facilitate and finance, as appropriate, the transfer of, or access to, environmentally sound technologies and knowhow to other Parties, particularly developing country Parties 10 京都議定書附錄 B： Annex B of the Kyoto Protocol Redu ctio n mit men t f o r 2023 2 01 2 [% of ba s e y e ar ] 減 排 承 諾 EU 8 % G er m an y 21 % U ni t ed K i ng do m 12 . 5 % I t al y % S pa i n +15 % P or t ug al +27 % G r ee ce +25 % Jap an 6 % C an ad a 6 % N orw a y +1 % 歐盟氣泡 11 減排指標(biāo) ： Reduction objectives 1990 2023 2023 2023 2 4 6 GtC 5% 24% Source: ABB Corporate Research 12 控制溫室氣體種類： Kyoto Protocol Greenhouse Gases ? 二氧化碳 Carbon dioxide (CO2) ? 甲烷 Methane (CH4) ? 氧化亞氮 Nitrous oxide (N2O) ? 氫氟碳化物 Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) ? 氟化碳 Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) ? 六氟化硫 Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) 13 為實(shí)現(xiàn)長期可測量符合成本效益原則的減排目標(biāo)，京都議定書提出三種機(jī)制 The KP identifies three mechanisms to supplement national actions to achieve real, longterm, measurable and costeffective GHG reductions: 三 機(jī)制 ： Three mechanisms ? Clean Development Mechanism 清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制（ CDM） ? Joint Implementation 聯(lián)合履行（ JI） ? Emissions Trading (ET) 排放貿(mào)易（ ET） 14 Annex I/B 清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制（ CDM）： Clean Development Mechanism Annex I/B 發(fā)起國 Sponsor 東道國 Host 發(fā)展中國家 15 CDM目的： CDM Purpose ? 并協(xié)助附件一所列締約方遵守其依第三條規(guī)定的排放量限制和削減承諾。 to assist Parties included in Annex I in achieving pliance with their quantified emission limitation and reduction mitments ? 協(xié)助未列入附件一的締約方實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展并增進(jìn) 《 公約 》的最終目標(biāo)， to assist Parties not included in Annex I in achieving sustainable development and in contributing to the ultimate objective of the Convention Article of KP 12 16 清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制的管理： Management of CDM ? 清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制由作為本議定書締約方會議的 《 公約 》 締約方會議授權(quán)和指導(dǎo)，并由清潔發(fā)展機(jī)制的執(zhí)行理事會監(jiān)督。 The clean development mechanism shall be subject to the authority and guidance of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to this Protocol and be supervised by an executive board of the clean development mechanism. ? 締約方會議 （ COP ）是聯(lián)合國氣候框架公約的最高機(jī)構(gòu)，每年召開一次會議評審公約的進(jìn)程。 Conference of the Parties (COP) The COP is the supreme body of the Convention. It currently meets once a year to review the Convention39。s progress. ? 作為京都議定書締約方會議的公約締約方會議 ( 議定書 / 公約締約方會議 ) （ COP/MOP）是京都條約最高機(jī)構(gòu)， Meeting of the Parties (MOP) The Kyoto Protocol39。s supreme body will be the MOP, which will serve as the Protocol39。s meeting of the Parties. 17 CDM 管理架構(gòu)： CDM Bodies 作為京都議定書締約方會議的公約締約方會議 ( 議定書 / 公約締
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