【正文】 劑可能有益于預防多囊性卵巢綜合征。牛皮癬維生素D可能用來治療牛皮癬。丹麥的一項研究推薦使用維生素D3的衍生物calcipotrol用來治療牛皮癬。近幾年的基礎研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，胰腺中有維生素D受體和維生素D依賴性鈣結合蛋白，維生素D缺乏可引起胰島素分泌減少，且維生素D受體基因多態(tài)性與I型糖尿病有關。維生素D有免疫抑制因子樣作用，可抑制淋巴細胞增殖和細胞因子的產(chǎn)生。英國科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)，I型糖尿病的發(fā)生于維生素D缺乏及佝僂病的發(fā)生相關。維生素D在某種程度上可抑制針對胰腺β細胞的自身免疫反應。亦有研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，大劑量維生素D可能于高胰島素血癥及胰島素抵抗有關。最近的一項研究結果顯示，65歲以上婦女服用維生素D，其冠心病死亡危險性比未服用者低1/3。早期的研究提示，血清維生素D水平降低，在冠心病動脈粥樣斑塊的鈣化中起一定作用。骨質疏松癥婦女死于心血管的危險大于無骨質疏松癥者。事實上，在骨質疏松癥婦女，鈣在其血管壁的沉積率大于正常骨質婦女。導致骨鈣丟失和動脈粥樣斑塊的鈣化可能屬于同一生理過程。當然，研究者也同時指出，提倡補充維生素D防治冠心病之前尚有大量工作要做。 Vitamin A amp。 D Soft Capsules2. Indications: 1. For the treatment of rickets and nyctalopia 2. For the treatment of child tetany 3. For prevention of vitamin A and D deficiency diseases4. Components and their contents SpecificationComponentsVegetable oil (kg) Gel for dropping pills (kg)6. Methods of production (as shown in the following production process)7. Pathway and condition of quality management system (as shown in the following production process)Flow chart of process8. Formulation: soft capsules 9. Side effect: (No data available)10. Contraindications: chronic renal failure, hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia associated with renal rickets11. Adverse reactions: No obvious adverse reaction will occur if it is taken according to the suggested dose.12. Antidote for overdose application: emetic, cathartic, alkalescent foods and beverages.13. TeratogenicityVitamin A① Zoopery: Retinol has a teratogenic effect on laboratory animals. The susceptibility of animals in an ascending order is as follows: rat and mouse, hamster, monkey and rabbit. The minimum teratogenic dose for rat, monkey and rabbit is 35000, 6000 and 2500μgRE/ (kgd) respectively. This teratogenic effects on laboratory animals are very similar to those on human body caused by carotenoid, including anencephalus, spina bifida, cheiloschisis, cleft palate, microphthalmia, malformation of eyes, teeth, salivary glands and aortic arch, ventricular septal defect, anal atresia, omphalocele, renal agenesis, polycystic kidney, hydronephrosis, phoelia, abnormality of finger (toe), some defects of genital organ, pituitary, thyroid glands, thymus glands, skull, spondyle, rib and muscle, and transposition of viscera. Permanent learning incapacitation would occur to Rat F344 exposed to over 3000μgRE/ (kgd).The teratogenic effect of VA on animals is summarized as follows:Based on a teratogenic research reported by Hendrickx et al (1997a, b), Wiegand et al (1998) and Miller et al (1998), for Rhesus monkey at the early stage of pregnancy (1627 d) administered with 0, 2250, 6000, 12000 and 24000μgRE/(kgd) of retinoic palmic acid respectively through oral taking, the occurrence rate of abortion and abnormal embryos is progressively raised with the dose administered rises. The occurrence rates of abnormal embryos are 1/21 and 5/11 respectively at the dose of 6000 and 24000μgRE/(kgd) respectively (that at the medium dose is not reported). A higher dose would exert an influence on the structures developed in cranial neural crest. These deformities are similar to those observed in monkey and human embryos caused by isotretinoic acid (13cisretinoic acid), but the symptom is slightly different. In the latter, the occurrence rate of facies dysmorphosis is higher, defects in thyroid gland and heart are not so serious and head dysmorphosis won’t be caused。 meantime, toxicity to mothers is detected.② Human populationbased studies: Isotretinoic acid is a known human teratogenic agent, therefore its toxicity to the development is critical for assessing the risk of VA. Many birth defects related to VA have been reported, but only in one case, the exposure dose of VA is less than 7500μg/d. Seven epidemiological researches (5 case control researches and 2 prospective researches) have been done since 1990, among which 4 researches did not reveal the relationship between VA exposure dose and birth defect and other 3 researches revealed the teratogenic effect at different doses.Vitamin DThe teratogenic effect of VD hasn’t been verified both in vivo and in vitro.14. Analytical method of ingredients: chemical To make this product, VA and VD2 or VD3 are dissolved in codliver oil or refined vegetable oil (solid fats have been removed at around 0℃), and then the concentration is modulated. The content of VA in one pill is %~% of the labeled quantity, and that of VD is more than % of the labeled quantity. The label should indicate whether this product contains VD2 or VD3.[Characters] This product is a yellow to deep yellow oily liquid.[Identification](1) Take out the content of this product,