【正文】 單日的順延 ............................................73第三十條 信用證金額、數(shù)量與單價(jià)的伸縮度 ........................................73第三十一條 部分支款或部分發(fā)運(yùn) ..................................................73第三十二條 分期支款或分期發(fā)運(yùn) ..................................................74第三十三條 交單時(shí)間 ............................................................74第三十四條 關(guān)于單據(jù)有效性的免責(zé) ................................................74第三十五條 關(guān)于信息傳遞和翻譯的免責(zé) ............................................74第三十六條 不可抗力 ............................................................74第三十七條 關(guān)于被指示方行為的免責(zé) ..............................................75第三十八條 可轉(zhuǎn)讓信用證 ........................................................75第三十九條 款項(xiàng)讓渡 .............................................................76FOREWORDThis revision of the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (monly called “UCP”) is the sixth revision of the rules since they were first promulgated in is the fruit of more than three .. . . ..學(xué)習(xí)參考years of work by the International Chamber of Commerce’s (ICC) Commission on Banking Technique and Practice.ICC, which was established in 1919, had as its primary objective facilitating the flow of international trade at a time when nationalism and protectionism posed serious threats to the world trading system. It was in that spirit that the UCP were first introduced – to alleviate the confusion caused by individual countries’ promoting their own national rules on letter of credit practice. The objective, since attained, was to create a set of contractual rules that would establish uniformity in that practice, so that practitioners would not have to cope with a plethora of often conflicting national regulations. The universal acceptance of the UCP by practitioners in countries with widely divergent economic and judicial systems is a testament to the rules’ success.It is important to recall that the UCP represent the work of a private international anization, not a governmental body. Since its inception, ICC has insisted on the central role of selfregulation in business practice. These rules, formulated entirely by experts in the private sector, have validated that approach. The UCP remain the most successful set of private rules for trade ever developed... . . ..學(xué)習(xí)參考A range of individuals and groups contributed to the current revision, which is entitled UCP 600. These include the UCP Drafting Group, which sifted through more than 5000 individual ments before arriving at this consensus text。 the UCP Consulting Group,consisting of members from more than 25 countries, which served as the advisory body reacting to and proposing changes to the various drafts。 the more than 400 members ofthe ICC Commission on Banking Technique and Practice who made ertinentsuggestions for changes in the text。 and ICC national mittees worldwide which took an active role in consolidating ments from their members. ICC also expresses its gratitude to practitioners in the transport and Insurance industries, whose perceptive suggestions honed the final draft.Guy Sebban Secretary GeneralInternational Chamber of CommerceINTRODUCTIONIn May 2022, the International Chamber of Commerce authorized the ICC Commission on Banking Technique and Practice (Banking Commission) to begin .. . . ..學(xué)習(xí)參考a revision of the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits, ICC Publication 500.As with other revisions, the general objective was to address developments in the banking, transport and insurance industries. Additionally, there was a need to look at the language and style used in the UCP to remove wording that could lead to inconsistent application and interpretation.When work on the revision started, a number of global surveys indicated that, because of discrepancies, approximately 70% of documents presented under letters of credit were being rejected on first presentation. This obviously had, and continues to have, a negative effect on the letter of credit being seen as a means of payment and, if unchecked, could have serious implications for maintaining or increasing its market share as a recognized means of settlement in international trade. The introduction by banks of a discrepancy fee has highlighted the importance of this issue, especially when the underlying discrepancies have been found to be dubious or unsound. Whilst the number of cases involving litigation has not grown during the lifetime of UCP 500, the introduction of the ICC’s Documentary Credit Dispute Resolution Expertise Rules (DOCDEX) in October 1997 (subsequently revised in March 2022) has resulted in more than 60 cases .. . . ..學(xué)習(xí)參考being decided.To address these and other concerns, the Banking Commission established a Drafting Group to revise UCP 500. It was also decided to create a second group, known as the Consulting Group, to review and advise on early drafts submitted by the Drafting Consulting Group, made up of over 40 individuals from 26 countries, consisted of banking and transport industry experts. Ably cochaired by John Turnbull, Deputy General Manager, Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation Europe Ltd, London and CarloDi Ninni, Adviser, Italian Bankers Association, Rome, the Consulting Group provided valuable input to the Drafting Group prior to release of draft texts to ICC national Drafting Group began the review process by analyzing the content of the official Opinions issued by the Banking Commission under UCP 500. Some 500 Opinions were reviewed to assess whether the issues involved