【正文】 a. 表示現(xiàn)在( 指說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)) 正在發(fā)生的事情。We are waiting for you.b. 習(xí)慣進(jìn)行：表示長(zhǎng)期的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作，說(shuō)話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。Mr. Green is writing another novel.(說(shuō)話時(shí)并未在寫，只處于寫作的狀態(tài)。)She is learning piano under Mr. Smith.c. 表示漸變的動(dòng)詞有：get, grow, bee, turn, run, go, begin等。The leaves are turning red.It’s getting warmer and warmer.d. 與always, constantly, forever 等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說(shuō)話人的主觀色彩。You are always changing your mind.典型例題My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.A. has lost, don’t find B. is missing, don’t find C. has lost, haven’t found D. is missing, haven’t found.答案D. 前句是一個(gè)仍在持續(xù)的狀態(tài)，應(yīng)用進(jìn)行時(shí)，由于沒(méi)有找到，其影響仍然存在，應(yīng)用完成時(shí)，瞬間動(dòng)詞用于否定式時(shí)可用于完成時(shí)。9 不用進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞1) 事實(shí)狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue I have two brothers.This house belongs to my sister.2) 心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞Know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hateI need your help.He loves her very much.3 ) 瞬間動(dòng)詞accept, receive, plete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse.I accept your advice.4) 系動(dòng)詞seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, bee, turnYou seem a little tired.4 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)1）概念：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，或表示過(guò)去某一階段一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作2）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的主要用法是描述一件事發(fā)生的背景；一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生。3) 常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.It was raining when they left the station.When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.4 典型例題1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes答案C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)。同 時(shí)，when表時(shí)間的同時(shí)性，amp。quot?，旣愒谧鲆路r(shí)amp。quot。提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.read； was falling B. was reading； fell C. was reading； was falling D. read；fell = when, while，意為amp。quot。當(dāng)??之時(shí)amp。quot。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時(shí)，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行；一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動(dòng)作發(fā)生。句意為 amp。quot。在她看報(bào)紙時(shí)，奶奶睡著了。amp。quot。句中的 fell (fall的過(guò)去時(shí))，是系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。一、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：否定句則在was/were后加一個(gè)not,疑問(wèn)句將was/were提前則可。如：He was reading a book at 5:00pm yesterday.→He was not reading a book at 5:00 yesterday.→Was he reading a book at 5:00 yesterday? (Yes, he was./ No, he wasn’t.)→What was he doing at 5:00 yesterday?二、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法：1. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常和表示過(guò)去的狀語(yǔ)連用。如： 下午候① ② ③昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候他們?cè)谔咦闱颉? 上周五Lucy到達(dá)北京，但第二天早晨就要?jiǎng)由砣ハ愀哿恕＂赟he asked him if he back for lunch. 她問(wèn)他午飯是否準(zhǔn)備回來(lái)吃。5（15 就是說(shuō)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，只表示有過(guò)這件事；用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，則強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的連續(xù)性。 ① I wrote a letter this morning. 今天上午我寫了一封信。（信寫完了）I was writing a letter this morning. 今天上午我在寫一封信。（信不一定寫完）② The children watched TV yesterday evening. 昨天晚上孩子們看了電視。（強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生了這件事）The children were watching TV yesterday evening. 昨晚孩子們都在看電視。（強(qiáng)調(diào)昨晚看電視這一動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性）(2) 表示過(guò)去的狀態(tài)、感覺(jué)及心理活動(dòng)的靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞(如be， like， love， hate， fear， own， hear， see， know， want， notice)可用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)，但通常不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)。如： I hated it when a man spoke with his mouth full of food. 我討厭人們說(shuō)話時(shí)口里含著食物。(3) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)與always， constantly， forever， continually等連用，表示“過(guò)去經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作”。而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與always， constantly， forever， continually等連用，表示動(dòng)作的重復(fù)，常帶有感****彩。如：He always got up at six. 他過(guò)去總是六點(diǎn)起床。He was always thinking of his work. 他總是一心想到工作。(4) 有時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以用來(lái)替換一般過(guò)去時(shí)，但一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示主語(yǔ)的行為是經(jīng)過(guò)認(rèn)真考慮的。而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一種較隨便或沒(méi)有進(jìn)行仔細(xì)考慮的行為。如：I thought that he would agree with us. 我原以為它會(huì)同意我們的。I was thinking of persuading him to follow my advice. 我想到了要說(shuō)服他接受我們的建議6. 使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)應(yīng)注意的幾點(diǎn)(1) 動(dòng)詞hope， wonder等的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常用來(lái)表示提出要求，雖然表示現(xiàn)在的內(nèi)容，但語(yǔ)氣比一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)要委婉。如：I was wondering whether you could e to join us. 我想你能否過(guò)來(lái)跟我們一起活動(dòng)? 7下面幾種情況不用一般過(guò)去時(shí)而要用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：(1). 表示過(guò)去某一階段暫時(shí)性的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作時(shí)。如：Tom was getting up at six o’clock every day that week. 湯姆那一周里每天都是六點(diǎn)鐘起床。(2). 與always連用表示贊美，厭煩等感情色彩時(shí)。如：John was always ing to school late. 約翰上學(xué)總是遲到。Lei Feng was always doing good deeds for the people. 雷鋒總是為人民做好事。(3) 用來(lái)描寫故事發(fā)生的情景時(shí)。如：It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A PLA man suddenly appeared on the river bank. He wanted to cross the ，風(fēng)刮得很厲害，雨下得很大，一個(gè)解放軍戰(zhàn)士突然出現(xiàn)在河岸上，他想過(guò)河去。(4) when作并列連詞，表示“(這時(shí))突然”之意時(shí)，第一個(gè)并列分句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，when引導(dǎo)的并列分句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步，突然遇見(jiàn)了他。We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我們正在外邊玩，這時(shí)下起雨來(lái)了。(5) go, e, leave, start, arrive等動(dòng)詞可用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)的含義。如：I was leaving for Wuhan that day. 那天我正要去武漢。She was ing later. 她隨后就來(lái)。8過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示婉轉(zhuǎn)語(yǔ)氣(只限于want, hope, wonder 等動(dòng)詞)，用以提出請(qǐng)求。如：I was wondering if you could help me.I was hoping you could send me hom