【正文】 頻考點(diǎn)－城市介紹西湖　　西湖在杭州市區(qū)的西部，面積約6．03平方公里，其中，湖岸周長(zhǎng)15公里。湖面上有白、蘇二堤，將湖面分成外湖、里湖、岳湖、西里湖、小南湖五個(gè)部分。湖中有孤山、小瀛洲、湖心亭、阮公墩四島。環(huán)湖的山峰外觀秀麗挺拔，勢(shì)若駿馬奔騰。在西湖風(fēng)景區(qū)內(nèi)，分布有蘇堤春曉等名勝四十余處，以及六和塔等三十余處古跡。沿湖四周，花木繁茂；群山之中，泉溪競(jìng)流；亭臺(tái)樓閣，交相輝映；湖光山色，千古風(fēng)情，令多少人流連忘返。上有天堂，下有蘇杭的贊語(yǔ)真是恰如其分。 West Lake　　Situated to the west of Hangzhou, the West Lake area covers square kilometres, with a water area of square kilometers and a circumference of 15 kilometres. The lake is divided by Su and Bai causeways into five sections: Outer Lake, Inner Lake, Yue Lake, West Inner Lake and Small South Lake。 and there are four islands, namely, Solitary Island, Little Yingzhou Islet (also called Three Pools Mirroring the Moon), MidLake Pavilion and Ruan gong Mound. The mountains towering around the lake look like galloping horses, presenting an imposing air. Over 40 scenic spots and 30 historical sites dot the West Lake, such as The Early Spring at the Su Causeway and the Pagoda of Six H a{monies. The causeways, bridges, pavilions, springs, trees and flowers in and around the West lake make it a paradise on earth, where one cannot tear himself away.盧溝橋　　盧溝橋始建于金大定29年(公元1189年)，于金明昌三年(公元1192年)建成。橋全長(zhǎng)266．5米，寬7．5米，橋身共11孔，是一座連拱大石橋。大橋扶欄上雕刻的獅子大小不一，形態(tài)各異，北京民間就有盧溝橋的獅子數(shù)不清的說(shuō)法。1962年曾為此進(jìn)行了清點(diǎn)，共有485只。1979年在河中又挖出了一只。這些石獅藝術(shù)價(jià)值極高，特別是橋東的南邊欄桿上有一只石獅子，高豎起一只耳朵，好像在傾聽(tīng)橋下的流水聲和過(guò)往行人的談話。1937年7月7日，在盧溝橋響起了抗擊日本帝國(guó)主義的第一聲炮響，揭開(kāi)了抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的序幕。 Lugou Bridge ( Marco Polo Bridge)　　The Lugou Bridge started to be built in 1189 and was pleted three years later. This 1 iarch stone bridge is metres long and metres wide. The balustrades are adorned with carved lions of different sizes and postures. There is a saying in Beijing thatThe lions on the Lugou Bridge are too numerous to count. In fact, there were 485 lions altogether according to a 1962 count. In 1979 one more was discovered in the river, bringing the total number to 486. These stone lions are of great artistic value. On one of the balusters at the southeast end of the bridge sits a lion with an ear pricked up, as if listening intently to the sounds of the water underneath and the conversation of the people passing by. On July 7,1937, the first shot of the War of Resistance Against Japan(19371945) rang out beside the Lugou G.改革開(kāi)放和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的總設(shè)計(jì)師 the chief architect of Chinas reform, opening and modernization drive改進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu) improve the industrial pattern and product mix該公司股票已經(jīng)上市 the stock of the pany have been listed (have gone public, have been launched)趕上或超過(guò)國(guó)際先進(jìn)水平 catch up with or even surpass advanced world levels高舉鄧小平理論的偉大旗幟 hold high the greater banner of Deng xiaoping Theory各族人民 people of all nationalities (all ethnic groups)個(gè)體戶 selfemployed households /people個(gè)人所得稅 individual ine tax個(gè)體工商業(yè)者 individual industrialists and businessman公務(wù)員 public servants。 civil servants。 government functionaries。 government employees股份合作制 the joint stock cooperative system股份制 the joint stock system股票熱降溫了 the stock craze has abated股市指數(shù) the stock market (exchange) index股市指數(shù)突破1300點(diǎn)大關(guān) the stock index broke the 1300poit mark股指暴跌，%， the index slumped percent to Yuan鼓勵(lì)兼并，規(guī)范破產(chǎn) encourage mergers and standardize bankruptcy procedures規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)，減輕就業(yè)壓力 to ease the pressure of employment (the employment pressure)國(guó)防科技 defencerelated science and technology國(guó)際大都市 cosmopolis國(guó)家指定考試 governmentmandated test國(guó)家主席/總理/副總理/國(guó)務(wù)委員/部長(zhǎng)/省長(zhǎng)/廳、局長(zhǎng)/縣長(zhǎng)/處長(zhǎng)/科長(zhǎng)/鄉(xiāng)長(zhǎng)/村民委員會(huì)主任 president/premier/vice premier/state councilor/minister/governor/bureau director/county magistrate, county head/department head/ section chief/ head of the township/chairman of the village mittee國(guó)家公務(wù)員制度 the system of public services國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值/國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值 GDP (Gross Domestic Product)/ GNP (Gross National Product)國(guó)事訪問(wèn) a state visit恒生指數(shù)（香港）寬幅震蕩 the Heng Sheng index fluctuated violently獲薄利 earn (make) narrow profits獲厚利 earn (make, reap) substantial profits 注：，具有比較鮮明的時(shí)代特色。這些詞匯經(jīng)常性的見(jiàn)諸于報(bào)刊雜志，廣播電視，政府公文，企業(yè)宣傳等等領(lǐng)域。熟練掌握這些詞匯，可以在翻譯工作中起到事半功倍的效果。，并且將不斷增加新的詞匯押痛貞鈳伺貓絨佻AA制 Dutch treatment。 go Dutch艾滋病(獲得性免疫缺損綜合征) AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)愛(ài)麗舍宮 Elys233。e Palace安居工程 Housing Project for lowine families按成本要素計(jì)算的國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)總值 GNP at factor cost按揭貸款 mortgage loan按勞分配 distribution according to ones performance暗戀 unrequited love。 fall in love with someone secretly暗虧 hidden loss澳門(mén)大三巴牌坊 Ruins of St. Paul奧姆真理教 Japanese Aum Doomsday Cult押痛貞鈳伺貓絨佻B.巴黎證券交易所 Paris Bourse把握大局 grasp the overall situation白馬王子 Prince Charming白色行情表 white sheet白色農(nóng)業(yè) white agriculture (also called white engineering agriculture。 It refers to microbiological agriculture and biological cell agriculture.)白手起家 starting from scratch白條 IOU note, IOU:債款、債務(wù)，由I owe you 的讀音縮略轉(zhuǎn)義而來(lái)白雪公主 Snow White擺架子 put on airs擺譜兒 put on airs。 show off。 keep up appearances拜把兄弟 sworn brothers拜年 pay New Year call搬遷戶 relocated families半拉子工程 unpleted project棒球運(yùn)動(dòng)記者 scribe傍大款 (of a girl) find a sugar daddy。 be a mistress for a rich man。 lean on a moneybags包干到戶 work contracted to households包干制 overall rationing system。 scheme of payment partly in kind and partly in cash包工包料 contract for labor and materials保持國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的良好勢(shì)頭 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy保持國(guó)有股 keep the Stateheld shares保健食品 healthcare food保理業(yè)務(wù) factoring business保護(hù)性關(guān)稅 protective tariffs 保稅區(qū) the lowtax, tarifffree zone。 bonded area保證重點(diǎn)支出 ensure funding for priority areas保值儲(chǔ)蓄 inflationproof bank savings報(bào)國(guó)計(jì)劃的實(shí)施 implementation of Dedicators Project北歐投資銀行 Nordic Investment Bank本本主義 bookishness《本草綱目》 Compendium of Materia Medica本壘打 circuit clout, fourmaster, round trip本命年 ones year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches奔小康 strive for a relatively fortable life笨鳥(niǎo)先飛 A slow sparrow should make an early start.蹦極 bungee, bungee jumping避免“大而全”的重復(fù)建設(shè) avo