【正文】 ourse)的設(shè)置相關(guān)題目：[17]15. Neighbors are the people who live near us. In your opinion, what are the qualities of a good neighbor? Use specific details and examples in your answer.參考分析：共有8道題問及各種人的qualities或者characteristics。[103]提供了最好的答案：intelligence。 honesty。 a sense of humor。這些都是所有的人都應(yīng)具備的基本優(yōu)點。類似的還有optimistic and positive。 politeness。 loyalty。 perseverance。 justice等等。[46]要求回答Have these qualities changed or remained the same over time in your culture?而以上提到的各個特征都是remained unchanged in any culture, and any period of time的——相對容易回答(只需要說從來就沒有變過就可以了)。相關(guān)題目：[18]、[22]、[46]、[62]、[93]、[103]、[179]。另外，174題的作文中(這一代人與上一代人有什么不同？)可以用一段的篇幅來描述一些不曾改變過的東西。16. It has recently been announced that a new restaurant may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.參考分析：社區(qū)內(nèi)的餐館越多，競爭就越激烈，那么價錢就會更公道；可能會出現(xiàn)衛(wèi)生問題；也可能有客人酗酒鬧事(excessive drinking。 get drunk and create a disturbance。 make trouble after getting drunk.)。參見：[5]。17. Some people think that they can learn better by themselves than with a teacher. Others think that it is always better to have a teacher. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons to develop your essay.參考分析：不要急于選擇哪一個觀點。因為兩個觀點都有些片面。 有老師的好處：系統(tǒng)的指導(dǎo)；提供疑難解答；更快、更有效率 自學(xué)的必要性：自學(xué)能力應(yīng)該是追求知識的過程中最重要的能力之一。 任何科目都應(yīng)該指導(dǎo)和自學(xué)相結(jié)合。 不同的科目、不同的階段有不同的選擇。18. What are some important qualities of a good supervisor (boss)? Use specific details and examples to explain why these qualities are important.參見：[15]19. Should governments spend more money on improving roads and highways, or should governments spend more money on improving public transportation (buses, trains, subways)? Why? Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay.參考分析：資金運用的基本原則a higher inputoutput ratio is desirable。參見：[11]分析。 政府也需要盈利 高速公路，是有盈利的。并且有利于促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮，進(jìn)一步增加稅收。 公共交通，是政府開銷。但是市政府的職責(zé)。 結(jié)合我國情況選擇立場。比如：可以認(rèn)為目前要大力發(fā)展高速公路，而其收入可以用來開發(fā)公共交通。20. It is better for children to grow up in the countryside than in a big city. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to develop your essay.參考分析：不要急于同意或者不同意這個觀點。因為那個回答都有些片面。地點并不是影響孩子成長的唯一因素，也不是眾多因素中最重要的因素。 生活在城市的優(yōu)缺點 生活在鄉(xiāng)村的優(yōu)缺點 也可以用一系列“不一定”的事實來反駁題目中觀點，比如：o 在鄉(xiāng)村長大的孩子不一定比在城市長大的孩子淳樸(honest。 simple。 simple sentiments)；o 在鄉(xiāng)村長大的孩子不一定比在城市長大的孩子健康(healthy)； 不同的階段有不同的選擇：o 學(xué)齡前兒童，小學(xué)生在哪里都無所謂o 初中、高中就可能在大城市更好一點21. In general, people are living longer now. Discuss the causes of this phenomenon. Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay.參考分析： 現(xiàn)象描述：20世紀(jì)初全球平均年齡(life expectancy)大約45歲。到20世紀(jì)末，這個數(shù)字已經(jīng)增長到70歲左右。 人們越來越長壽的原因：o 越來越好的飲食條件，飲食衛(wèi)生，越來越科學(xué)的飲食模式o 越來越發(fā)達(dá)的醫(yī)療技術(shù)、越來越完善的醫(yī)療保健系統(tǒng)o 經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定、社會穩(wěn)定。極端的例子：前蘇聯(lián)(the previous Soviet Union)解體(disintegration/breakup)后，俄羅斯的平均年齡大幅度下降22. We all work or will work in our jobs with many different kinds of people. In your opinion, what are some important characteristics of a coworker (someone you work closely with)? Use reasons and specific examples to explain why these characteristics are important.參見：[15]23. In some countries, teenagers have jobs while they are still students. Do you think this is a good idea? Support your opinion by using specific reasons and details.參考分析：注意審題。是teenager而不是college students。Teenagers have jobs，這顯然是一個BAD idea。Teenager，意指十幾歲的孩子——16歲或者18歲以下(18歲以上就是adult了，17的孩子往往被稱之為 young adults。參見：[61])。雇用童工(Employing children labor)目前在很多國家是非法(illegal)的。也違反國際兒童保護(hù)條約(International Children Act )。允許雇用童工，或存在童工現(xiàn)象，都是一個國家落后愚昧的表現(xiàn)。 不要說teenager打工可以鍛煉自我，teenager需要的是接受教育，健康成長 不要說teenager打工可以認(rèn)識社會，teenager還不具備足夠的心理承受能力(psychological endurance)，過早步入社會 (early exposure to the real world)，只能導(dǎo)致世界觀、價值觀(out look of world, value, etc.)的扭曲(deteriorated。 distorted)。 24. A person you know is planning to move to your town or city. What do you think this person would like and dislike about living in your town or city? Why? Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay.參考分析：這是一個討論假設(shè)問題的題目。盡量展開想象。注意：不要只說my city，要指出你所在城市的名字， 比如：Beijing, Shanghai等等。 人們會喜歡的有：女人喜歡商場；男人可能喜歡書店；大的公園、動物園；名勝古跡；文化氛圍 人們會討厭的有：交通堵塞；空氣不新鮮；大城市的排外主義(exclusivism)、不友善(unfriendly)；25. It has recently been announced that a large shopping center may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.參見：[5]26. It has recently been announced that a new movie theater may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.參見：[5]27. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People should sometimes do things that they do not enjoy doing. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.參考分析：這個statement里面的限定詞是sometimes。應(yīng)該同意這個觀點。[63]可以作為[27]的理由之一，因為，Most experiences in our lives that seemed difficult at the time bee valuable lessons for the future。這道題甚至可以作為[43]的答案。Most successful people have one thing in mon: they are capable of doing things that they virtually do not enjoy doing. 28. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television, newspapers, magazines, and other media pay too much attention to the personal lives of famous people such as public figures and celebrities. Use specific reasons and details to explain your opinion.參考分析：不能同意這個觀點——因為這樣的說法過于片面。 有些媒體(大眾傳媒mass media)表現(xiàn)得過于關(guān)注名人。但是真正的起因(the real cause)卻是大眾(the public。 the broad masses of the people)本身——大眾過于關(guān)注名人以及名人的私生活。媒體不過是在迎合大眾(cater to the needs of customers。 過去幾年里, 電視一直迎合大眾的口味。 In the past several years, television has been playing to the gallery.)，因為媒體也是商業(yè)機構(gòu)(mercial organization)，也要盈利(profitdriving)。 不是所有媒體都在一味迎合大眾，也不是所有的television program, newspaper column都在關(guān)注名人。29. Some people believe that the Earth is being harmed (damaged) by human activity. Others feel that human activity makes the Earth a better place to live. What is your opinion? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.參考分析：不要急于選擇。兩種觀點都過于含混。Human activity指的是什么？ 飲食起居：廣東人把某種海豚(dolphin)吃得almost extinct；美國人養(yǎng)寵物鸚鵡(parr