【正文】 灌溉技術發(fā)展趨勢概括為不斷創(chuàng)新、不斷發(fā)展壯大、不斷減少不足、不斷完善。具體表現在 : 一是農業(yè)田間灌溉工程配套建設逐漸發(fā)展，不斷提高配套程度，改變落后的灌溉方式，提高水的利用率 。 二是農業(yè)灌溉中將會采用信息化管理，從而實現灌溉用水管理手段的現代化和自動化 。三是將工程措施和農業(yè)措施綜合利用，發(fā)展農 業(yè)節(jié)水的綜合技術 。 四是采用先進的節(jié)水管理措施，逐步推行并實現“總量控制，定額管理，以水定地，配水到戶，公眾參與，水量交易，水票運轉”的運行機制，以促進我國節(jié)水技術的穩(wěn)步發(fā)展。我國是水資源十分短缺的國家，同時也是水資源需求量較大的國家，為了減輕水資源不能滿足我國經濟發(fā)展的現象，應該將節(jié)水灌溉技術重視起來，并加大扶持力度，促進各項技術的快速發(fā)展，從而實現節(jié)約水資源的目標 [8]。 建立健全農業(yè)節(jié)水法規(guī) 提高全民節(jié)水意識盡快制定《農業(yè)節(jié)水法》，將推廣農業(yè)節(jié)水的原則和 要求以法律形式固定下來，規(guī)范農業(yè)節(jié)水工程建設和管理，制定和完善城、鄉(xiāng)節(jié)約用水的管理法規(guī)，把節(jié)水工作納入法制軌道，使節(jié)水有法可依，并加強執(zhí)法力度。同時，要大力宣傳和普及節(jié)水方法和法規(guī)，提高全民的水資源保護和節(jié)水意識。 因地制宜推廣節(jié)水技術 注重農業(yè)節(jié)水效果目前可供選擇的節(jié)水灌溉技術措施多種多樣，但都有其一定的適宜范圍，因此必須因地制宜，選擇最適合本地發(fā)展的節(jié)水灌溉技術措施。在實行節(jié)水灌溉的同時，必須改變目前的種植結構，在缺水嚴重的低平原地區(qū)，適當降低復種指數，壓縮耗水量大、經濟效益較低的糧食作物 的面積，增加耗水少、經濟效益較高的經濟作物的面積。 通過調整種植結構，減少地下水的開采量。 注重農業(yè)技術集成 創(chuàng)新農藝節(jié)水技術農藝節(jié)水是指根據農作物需水規(guī)律，通過技術集成合理配置用水時期和用水量，實現科學灌溉、高效用水。 農藝節(jié)水主要可以從幾個方面進行：一是把小麥、蔬菜作為重中之重，實現新突破。小麥節(jié)水重點推廣前促、中控、后保三大模式，選用節(jié)水品種、小畦灌溉、推遲種植、窄行密植、秸稈還田、不澆返青水六大技術。蔬菜節(jié)水重點推廣以膜下暗灌滴灌為核心的水肥一體化技術，堅持配方施肥，以水促肥、以肥調 水，優(yōu)化土肥水配置，杜絕大水漫灌。 二是在節(jié)水模式研發(fā)上實現新突破。 加強技術集成，研究不同作物的需水規(guī)律，探索玉米、棉花等作物的節(jié)水模式。三是節(jié)水技術推廣實現新突破。樹立典型、總結經驗，加快推廣步伐，普及土壤深松、節(jié)水精播、覆蓋保墑、抗旱保水劑等綜合節(jié)水技術。 強化流域管理改革 建立統(tǒng)一管理體制必須在法律上和權力上確立流域管理機構對流域及行業(yè)統(tǒng)一管理、統(tǒng)一協(xié)調的領導地位，調整行政管理和流域管理的職權，形成一種新型的、適應市場經濟發(fā)展需要的水管理機構和體制。 制定節(jié)水投資政策 完善節(jié)水灌溉體系節(jié)水灌溉涉及面廣、工程量大，實現節(jié)水灌溉的基本建設需要巨大的資金投入。節(jié)水基本建設完全由用水的農民負擔是難以執(zhí)行的，因此，需要有相應的節(jié)水投資政策。建立多元化、多層次、多渠道的農業(yè)節(jié)水投融資機制，形成由國家財政、地方財政和農民共同負擔的節(jié)水灌溉基本建設投資體制； 在基本建設中，農民的負擔以勞務投入為主，并將基本建設投入計入用水成本，按水費改革與征收辦法執(zhí)行；實行資源轉移使用補償，對城市發(fā)展擠占農業(yè)用水征收合理補償，將其用于農業(yè)節(jié)水灌溉的基本建設 [910]。 參考文獻 （英文版 ） Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of prehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen innerparty supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the code adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard。 rule around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party anizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line . Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process。 the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party。 the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems。 the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. code and Regulations revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines and Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations column 1 by 2020 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation。 follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party39。s leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the code and rule , reflects the party39。s 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party39。s eighteen years prehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of the ICAC guidelines in in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2020, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too plicated, eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice。 the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements。 the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat。 the fourth is to clean the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of countylevel leading cadres above. rule is in 1997 Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) based on revision, in December 2020 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the prehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition。 two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue。 third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to the criterion of a clean and honest administration and rule the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party