xxxx年考研生物學(xué)專業(yè)課大綱-文庫(kù)吧
2025-03-20 23:06 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 ___c___。（a）它殺死不需要的細(xì)菌（b）它為細(xì)菌發(fā)育提供氮（c）在它上面進(jìn)行細(xì)菌過(guò)濾（d）可以用它除去水中的氯（a）光合作用（b）化學(xué)滲透（c）基因工程（d）無(wú)氧發(fā)酵（a）增殖（b）芽殖（c）裂殖（d）孢子生殖，總菌數(shù)和活菌數(shù)幾乎相等的是__b___（a）適應(yīng)期（b）對(duì)數(shù)期（c）穩(wěn)定期（d）衰亡期，菌體應(yīng)呈____b______（a）無(wú)色（b）紅色（c）黑色（d）紫色（a）孢囊孢子（b）子囊孢子（c）卵孢子（d）接合孢子（a）核酸（b）蛋白質(zhì)（c）脂類（d）糖類四、填空題，其分別為_(kāi)_史前時(shí)期__、__初創(chuàng)時(shí)期__、_奠基時(shí)期___、__發(fā)展時(shí)期__和___成熟時(shí)期__。，形成_溶源______細(xì)胞。、_質(zhì)膜__、__細(xì)胞質(zhì)區(qū)__和_核區(qū)__等。，微生物的培養(yǎng)基可以分為_(kāi)_合成培養(yǎng)基_____、__天然培養(yǎng)基____、___半合成培養(yǎng)基___等。，而化能自養(yǎng)微生物則通過(guò)_無(wú)機(jī)物的氧化_產(chǎn)生ATP。，在有氧時(shí)進(jìn)行有氧呼吸，在無(wú)氧時(shí)進(jìn)行厭氧呼吸。五、問(wèn)答題？（1）嚴(yán)格寄生生物，但專一性不強(qiáng)。（2）植物病毒感染植物后，植株常產(chǎn)生花葉、畸形或植株的枯死。（3）植物病毒感染植株后，可在植株細(xì)胞內(nèi)形成細(xì)胞包含體。（4）入侵方式：昆蟲(chóng)吸食或植株擦傷處？試以能源為主，碳源為輔對(duì)微生物的營(yíng)養(yǎng)類型進(jìn)行分類。能源是為微生物的生長(zhǎng)繁殖提供能量的物質(zhì)，包括光能和化學(xué)能。以能源分可以分為光能型和化能型。以碳源分可以分為自養(yǎng)型和異養(yǎng)型。因此，據(jù)能源和和碳源的利用情況可以將微生物的營(yíng)養(yǎng)型分為四種：化能自養(yǎng)、化能異養(yǎng)、光能自養(yǎng)、光能異養(yǎng)。（具體分述）？以伊紅美藍(lán)乳糖瓊脂培養(yǎng)基為例，分析鑒別性培養(yǎng)基的作用原理。通過(guò)指示劑的呈色反應(yīng)，用于區(qū)別不同微生物種類的培養(yǎng)基。伊紅美藍(lán)兩種苯胺染料可抑制革蘭氏陽(yáng)性細(xì)菌生長(zhǎng)。伊紅為酸性染料，美藍(lán)為堿性染料。試樣中的多種腸道細(xì)菌在伊紅美藍(lán)培養(yǎng)基上形成能相互區(qū)分的菌落，其中大腸桿菌能強(qiáng)烈發(fā)酵乳糖產(chǎn)生大量混合酸，菌體帶H+，可與酸性染料伊紅結(jié)合，美藍(lán)再與伊紅結(jié)合形成紫黑色化合物，使菌落在透射光下呈紫色，反射光下呈綠色金屬光澤。產(chǎn)酸力弱的沙雷氏等屬細(xì)菌菌落為棕色。不發(fā)酵乳糖不產(chǎn)酸的沙門(mén)氏等屬細(xì)菌呈無(wú)色透明菌落。，常用微生物生長(zhǎng)測(cè)定方法有哪些？通過(guò)測(cè)定微生物生長(zhǎng)量，了解微生物的群體生長(zhǎng)規(guī)律，了解營(yíng)養(yǎng)及理化環(huán)境對(duì)微生物生長(zhǎng)的影響。常用的方法：（1）數(shù)量的測(cè)定（a）直接計(jì)數(shù)法（b）稀釋平板計(jì)數(shù)法（2）重量的測(cè)定（a）稱重法（b）含氮量測(cè)定法（1）溫度、（2）營(yíng)養(yǎng)、（3）C/N比（4）廢水的pH值、堿度和有毒物質(zhì)。2011細(xì)胞生物學(xué)專業(yè)考研測(cè)試題及答案2011年01月12日 10:26 來(lái)源：萬(wàn)學(xué)海文 一、填空題1 . Cyclic AMP is produced by the enzyme _ _ and degraded by the enzyme _ _2 . NO是一種氣體信號(hào)分子,在體內(nèi)主要由精氨酸產(chǎn)生, 它的半衰期很短, 故只作用于鄰近細(xì)胞, 它作用的靶酶是 。3. junctions enable cells to get a hold on the extracellular matrix by connecting their actin filaments to the matrix.4 動(dòng)物細(xì)胞質(zhì)膜靠 建立膜兩側(cè)的質(zhì)子動(dòng)力勢(shì)，而植物細(xì)胞則是靠 。5. 蛋白質(zhì)合成時(shí)多聚核糖體的形成對(duì)生命活動(dòng)的意義在于: 。二、判斷題1. Active transport is always driven by the hydrolysis of highenergy phosphate bonds.( )2. Treatment of an animal cell with an inhibitor that is specific for the Na+/K+ pump is not likely to affect the uptake of glucose by sodium cotransport.( )3. Tight junctions get their name from their property of holding cells togetherso tightly that they cannot be separated by mechanical forces.（ ）4. Gap junctions connect the cytoskeletal elements of one cell to a neighboring cell or to the extracellular matrix.（ ）5. NO acts only locally because it has a short halflifeabout 5 to 10 secondsin the extracellular space before it is converted to nitrates and nitrites by oxygen and water.( )三、選擇題1. Which one of the following was used to determine the structure of the DNA molecule?( )a. Transmission electron microscope b. Scanning electron microscopec. Differential centrifugatioin d. Xray crystallographye. None of the above2. You stain membrane proteins with a fluorescentlabeled antibody and notice the membrane is evenly stained. After a few hours, all of the fluorescence is at one end of a cell. You can conclude that( ).a. Lipids flipflop in the membrane. b. Proteins move laterally in the membrane.c. The fluorescent dye was bleached. d. Proteins act as transporters.e. All of the above3. You have a preparation of ghosts and need to collect only the rightside out ghosts. You decide you can trap the rightside out ghosts in an affinity column packed with( )a. SDS. b. A carbohydratebinding molecule.c. A proteinbinding antibody. d. A serinebinding molecule.e. None of the above4. All of the following individuals contributed to cell theory except( )a. Robert Hooke. b. Matthias Schleiden.c. Theodor Schwann. d. Rudolf Virchow.5. The addition of a peptide with an RGD sequence would probably ? the binding of cultured cells to a fibronectin coated dish.( )a. enhance b. inhibitc. have no effect on d. none of the above四、簡(jiǎn)答題1. How does regulated secretion differ from constitutive secretion?2. Dynamic instability causes microtubules either to grow or to shrink rapidly. Consider an individual microtubule that is in its shrinking phase. What would happen if the solution contained an analogue of GTP that cannot be hydrolyzed?五、問(wèn)答題1. 簡(jiǎn)述細(xì)胞膜結(jié)構(gòu)的基本功能及對(duì)細(xì)胞生命活動(dòng)的影響。2. 比較信號(hào)傳導(dǎo)(cell signalling)與信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)(signal transduction)的差別。 參考答案一、填空題1. _Adenylyl cyclase_ ，_phosphodiesterase_2. 鳥(niǎo)苷酸環(huán)化酶。3. 粘著斑4. K+Na+泵， H+泵。5. 節(jié)省了遺傳信息量，減輕了核的負(fù)擔(dān)。二、判斷題三、選擇題1. 答:d2. 答:b3. 答:b4. 答:a5. 答:c四、簡(jiǎn)答題1. An
化學(xué)相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號(hào)-1