【正文】 until it a the grammatical rules of the adult language. 18. A s munity is one group, all of whose members share the same language or at least a single language variety. 19. People may municate their feelings or thoughts via n signals such as facial expressions, gestures, postures, or proxemic space. 20. Although the development of a municative system is not unique to human beings, the natural acquisition of l as a system of highly abstract rules and regulations for creative munication is what distinguishes humans from all other animal species. Ⅲ .Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and give the correct version. (2％ 10=％ ) 21. ( ) The writing system of a language is always a later invention used to record speech。 thus there are still many languages in today’s world that can only be spoken, but not written. 22. ( ) In such sound binations as /bi:p/, /geip/ and /su:p/, the voiceless stop /p/, occurring in the final position, is unaspirated, . pronounced with the strong puff of air withheld to some extent. 23. ( ) The part of speech of the pound is always determined by the part of speech of the second element, without exception. 24. ( ) The relationship between the embedded clause and its matrix clause is one of a part to the whole. 25. ( ) The contextualist view of meaning holds that meaning should be studied in terms of the situational context and linguistic context. 26. ( ) Searle’s classification of illocutionary acts is based on the classification of 自考 00830《現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)》歷年真題集電子書 6 performative verbs. 27. ( ) One kind of language change results in an increase of the number of exceptional or irregular morphemes. This kind of change has been called internal borrowing—that is, we “borrow” from one part of the grammar and apply the rule generally. 28. ( ) There are differences in the way people of various age categories speak. The differences most easily noted by the layman are likely to be grammatical in nature. 29. ( ) The left hemisphere of the brain is superior to the right hemisphere because the left hemisphere is languagedominant. 30 ( ) A child born to a Chinese or English speaking family takes about the same number of years to acquire their native tongue, regardless of their general intelligence. Ⅳ .Directions: Explain the following terms, using one or two examples for illustration.(3％ 10=％ ) 31. assimilation rule 32. root 33. bound morphemes 34. surface structure 35. grammaticality 36. elaboration 37. bilingualism 38. creole 39. the SapirWhorf hypothesis 40. fossilization 自考 00830《現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)》歷年真題集電子書 7 Ⅴ . Answer the following questions.(10％ 2=％ ) 41. The phonological features that occur above the level of individual sounds are called suprasegmental features. Discuss the main suprasegmental features, illustrating with examples how they function in the distinction of meaning. 42. Explain and give examples to show in what way ponential analysis is similar to the analysis of phonemes into distinctive features. 00830 現(xiàn)代語言學(xué) 202210 全國 2022 年 10月高等教育自學(xué)考試全國統(tǒng)一命題考試 現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)試卷 （課程代碼 0830） 本試卷共 9頁，滿分 100分；考試時(shí)間 1 50 分鐘。 總分 題號(hào) Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ 核分人 題分 20 10 20 30 20 復(fù)查人 得分 Ⅰ ． Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully． Decide which one of the four choices best pletes the statement and put the letter A,B,C or D in the brackets． (2%10= 1． The tone, defined as pitch variation, is an important suprasegmental feature of tone languages such as A． Chinese B． English C． Chinese and English D． English and French 2． Voicing as a quality of speech sounds is caused by the vibration of ． A． the velum B． the vocal cords C． the glottis D． the uvula 自考 00830《現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)》歷年真題集電子書 8 3． The words that contain only one morpheme are called ． A． bound morphemes B． affixes C． free morphemes D． roots 4． Syntactic movement is dictated by rules traditionally called ． A． phase structure rules B． syntactic rules C． lexical rules D． transformational rules 5． The naming theory was proposed by ． A． the Greek scholar Plato B． C． K． Ogden and I． A． Richards C． the British linguist J． Firth D． the American linguist L． Bloomfield 6． Speech act theory was first proposed by ． A． John Austin B． John Searle C． Noam Chomsky D． John Firth 7． linguistics refers to the study of a language or languages at a single point in time, without reference to earlier or later stages． A． Diachronic B． Synchronic C． Historical D． Comparative 8． Different functional speech varieties known as are expected in, say, a church sermon, a diplomatic encounter, a family dinner, or a sports broadcast． A． registers B． styles C． dialects D． accents 9． is the study of language in relation to the mind． A． Psycholinguistics B． Sociolinguistics C． Linguistics D． Semantics 10． In general, children’s holophrastic sentences begin ． A． in the late part of the first year or the early part of the second year B． in the second half of the second year C． between two and three years old D． between four and five years old Ⅱ ． Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue． Note that you are to fill in ONE word only, and you are not allowed to ch