礦業(yè)系統(tǒng)工程課程論文-基于5w1h法分析煤礦回采工作面頂板事故問題-文庫吧
2025-05-16 06:34 本頁面
【正文】 關(guān)鍵詞： 5W1H方法；安全；回采工作面；頂板事故；預(yù)防；措施 中圖分類號 ： TD355 文獻標(biāo)識碼 ： B Workingface of Coal Mine Roof Accidents Analyze Based on 5W1H WANG Chunhua （ Mining College of Guizhou University， Guizhou Province， Guiyang 550025， china） Abstract： As one of the five natural disasters in the coal accidents, the roof accidents have an important effect on the safe production of the coal mining. How to avoid the happen of the roof accidents, especially the accidents happened on the coal face, is placed an important theme in the technology management and the safe management in the production of coal mine. Roof accident is sudden, catastrophic, destructive and secondary, basic roof accident management is to nip in the bud, prevention is the first and foremost task. By using the 5W1H method of system engineering to analyze the mine stope roof accident, bined with the relevant laws and regulations and professional knowledge, introduced the main types of roof accident in mine working face and occurrence rule, and put forward targeted preventive measures. The fact proves, as long as we pay attention to the roof management, master the relevant theoretical knowledge, found the roof movement law, the use of reasonable precautions, adopt correct management, roof accident is pletely preventable. Key words： 5W1H methods； Safety； Workingface； Roof accidents； Prevent； Measure 隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的進步，采煤方法與采煤工藝發(fā)生了巨大變化，采煤工作面的支護形式從原始的木棚點柱、金屬網(wǎng)摩擦支柱、單體液壓支柱發(fā)展到現(xiàn)在的綜采液壓支架，而這種支護形式的變化也體現(xiàn)了國家以人為本，改善了采煤工作面的環(huán)境，提高了礦井的生產(chǎn)能力。但各礦山地區(qū)由于地質(zhì)條件的變化，煤層賦存不盡相同，所選 擇的開采方法和支護方式也各有區(qū)別。在中國尤其是貴州的煤礦，大都是長壁式工作面工作面進行回采，有綜采、高檔普采和炮采工作面，在不同采煤工藝條件下，其采煤工作面的支護形式和導(dǎo)致的支護事故不盡一致。由于頂板來壓及支護不到位，礦山井巷回采冒落事故對礦井安全生產(chǎn)危害極大，據(jù)統(tǒng)計分析，回采傷亡事故中，頂板事故約占三分之一，而大多數(shù)頂板事故又發(fā)生在回采工作面，回采 工作面冒頂事故多發(fā)生在頂板來壓期間。其中，直接頂初次放頂占 30 %～ 40%，老頂來壓時占 60 %～ 70%。因此，運用 5W1H 方法分析掌握回采工作面發(fā)生冒頂?shù)脑?和規(guī)律，從而采取有效的防范措施，才能降低冒頂事故的發(fā)生，確保礦山安全生產(chǎn)。
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