【正文】 he design of wildlife refuges is still a matter of considerable controversy. A. significance B. debate C. urgency D. concern 29. Aside from news and current affairs, I hardly watch any TV programme. A. Except for B. New that a result of D. In addition to 30. The timid pupils dared not express at the meeting about the poor services at the school dining hall. A. speak out B. speak of C. speak ill D. speak well Part II Reading Comprehension Directions: The passages below are followed by some multiplechoice questions or short answer questions. For each of the multiplechoice questions there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Please choose the best answer to each of the questions and then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET Iby drawing a single bar across the corresponding letter in the square bracket. For the short answer questions, please write a short answer to each of the given questions on ANSWER SHEET II. (50 points) Passage 1 What makes Americans spend nearly half their food dollars on meals away from home? The answers lie in the way Americans live today. During the first few decades of the twentieth century, canned and other convenience foods freed the family cook from fulltime duty at the kitchen range. Then, in the 1940s, work in the wartime defense plants took more women out of the home than ever before, setting the pattern of the working wife and mother. Today about half of the country39。s married women are employed outside the home. But, unless family members pitch in with food preparation, women are not fully liberated from that chore. Instead, many have bee, in a sense, prisoners of the pletely cooked conveniencemeals. It39。s easier to pick up a bucket of fried chicken on the way home from work or take thefamily out for pizzas or burgers than to start opening cans or heating up frozen dinners after along, hard day. Also, the rising divorce rate means that there are more single working parents withchildren to feed. And many young adults and elderly people, as well as unmarried and divorcedmature people, hve alone rather than as part of a family unit and don39。t want to bother cookingfor one. Fast food is appealing because it is fast, it doesn39。t requireany dressing up, it offers afun break in the daily routine, and the outlay of money seems small. It can be eaten in thecar —— sometimes picked up at a drivein window without even getting out —— or on the if it is brought home to eat, there will never be any dirty dishes to wash because of thehandy disposable wrappings. Children, especially, love fast food because it39。s finger food, nostruggling with knives and forks, no annoying instructions from adults about table manner. 31. Americans enjoy fast food mainly because __ A. it can be eaten in the car B. it is much more tasty than homemade food C. one only uses his fingers while eating it is timesaving and convenient 32. It can be inferred that children __ A. want to have more freedom at table B. never wash dishes after each meal C. are good at using forks and knives while eating eating time as a fun break 33. Many Americans are eating out and not cooking at home partially because A. they want to make a change after eating the same food for years at home B. the food made outside home tastes better than food cooked at home C. many of them live alone or don39。t like taking trouble to cook D. American women refuse to cook at home due to women39。s liberation movement 34. According to the text, a drivein window is a __ A. car window from which you can see the driver B. window in the restaurant from which you get your takeout in the car C. place where you check the mechanic condition of your car D. entrance where you return the used plates after eating 35. The expression pitch in with in paragraph two probably means A. plain B. enjoy C. help D. deny Passage 2 Just 30 years ago some 700 million people lived in cities. Today the number stands at1,800 million, and by the end of the century it will top 3,000 million—— more than half theworld39。s estimated population. The flood of 39。urbanites39。 is swallowing not the richest countries, but the poorest. By theyear 2020 an estimated 650 million people will crowd into 60 cities of five million or morewthreequarters of them in the developing world. Only a single city in developed countries—— Tokyo, which will have 24 million people—— is expected to be among the global top five。London, ranked second in 1950 with ten million people, will not even make 202039。s top 25. In places where rates of natural population increase exceed three per cent annuallywmeaning much of the developing countries—— that alone is enough to double a city39。s populationwithin 20 years. But equally powerful are the streams of hopeful migrants from the often than not, even the most horrible urban living conditions are an improvement onwhatever the migrants have left behind. What confronts and shocks urban planners is the serious effect of these trends. Therehave never been cities 39。of 30 million people, let alone ones dependent on roads, sewer and watersupplies barely adequate for urban areas a tenth that size. The great urban industrial growth of Europe and America in the nieenth and