單片機(jī)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)外文資料翻譯---51系列單片機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能-單片機(jī)-文庫(kù)吧
2024-12-30 07:59 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 個(gè)鎖存器（即特殊功能寄存器），一個(gè)出口驅(qū)動(dòng)器和引進(jìn)緩沖器。使數(shù)據(jù)能夠鎖存輸出，數(shù)據(jù)可以及時(shí)緩沖，其余四個(gè)具有相同的功能。接外部存儲(chǔ)擴(kuò)大它們的內(nèi)存時(shí)，這四個(gè)口就可作為雙向口常用的 I / O 口，這是， P2 口看到高8 位地址， P0 口是一個(gè)公共兩用口，傳送輸出低 8 的地址和數(shù)據(jù)。 P3 口的輸出級(jí)別小于 P1，可以在里面繪制負(fù)載電阻，每一個(gè)都能驅(qū)動(dòng) 4 個(gè) LS型 TTL 負(fù)載輸出。作為輸入口時(shí)，所有 TTL 或 NMOS 電路都可以驅(qū)動(dòng)一個(gè)正常的方式 8051 P3 口作 為單片機(jī)的 P1 口。可以利用改變電阻的輸出大小，直接地充當(dāng)震蕩開路，不需要添加外部電阻。其中每個(gè)口都是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的雙向口。當(dāng)在當(dāng)做輸入口時(shí)，必須把相應(yīng)的端口置 1 來(lái)鎖閉輸出。比如 8051 單片機(jī)，所有端口提供的輸出電流只能幾毫安，用作輸出口時(shí)接一個(gè)普通的晶體管，要穩(wěn)定使用，還要接一定電阻。其主要功能是把初始地址設(shè)為 0000H，使單片機(jī)從 0000H 的地址開始運(yùn)行程序。除了正常進(jìn)入系統(tǒng)的初始化，由于操作失誤或操作過程錯(cuò)誤，也要能夠解決錯(cuò)誤，重新運(yùn)行。在 8051 中 RST 引腳是一個(gè)輸入復(fù)位鍵，復(fù)位鍵高電平信號(hào)有效，要保證 24 倍 以上的時(shí)鐘周期（即 2 個(gè)機(jī)器周期）。如果收到高頻的 6v 輸入信號(hào)，單片機(jī)就會(huì)復(fù)位。 初始化時(shí)，需要兩部分外部電路。外部電路采用施密特觸發(fā)方式觸發(fā)了復(fù)位鍵（ RST），形成了復(fù)位信號(hào)輸出電路，并把信號(hào)傳送到每個(gè)引腳，按順序到了復(fù)位引腳，就會(huì)迅速響應(yīng)信號(hào)指令。復(fù)位功能的可靠性，適合 6v 電壓的電容震蕩電路，復(fù)位信號(hào)的周期可以大于兩個(gè)機(jī)器周期。雖然復(fù)位電路的結(jié)構(gòu)很簡(jiǎn)單，但它的功能是非常重要的。一個(gè)單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)能否正常運(yùn)行，應(yīng)先檢查它有沒有正確的復(fù)位電路。檢查和檢測(cè)其發(fā)出信號(hào)，用示波器顯示時(shí)，結(jié)合復(fù)位電路很重要，觀察波形時(shí)， 輸出口（瞬時(shí)）的波動(dòng)范圍是很大的，也可以通過復(fù)位電路對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行有必要的改變。 附件 2：外文原文 Structure and function of the MCS51 series Structure and function of the MCS51 series onechip puter MCS51 is a name of a piece of onechip puter series which Intel Company produces. This pany introduced 8 topgrade onechip puters of MCS51 series in 1980 after introducing 8 onechip puters of MCS48 series in 1976. It belong to a lot of kinds this line of onechip puter the chips have,such as 8051, 8031, 8751, 80C51BH, 80C31BH,etc., their basic position, basic performance and instruction system are all the same. 8051 daily representatives 51 serial onechip puters . Early MCU 8bit or all of the four. One of the most successful is the INTEL 8031, because the performance of a simple and reliable access to a lot of good praise. Then developed in 8031 out of MCS51 MCU Systems. SCM systems based on this system until now is still widely used. With the increased requirements of industrial control field, began a 16bit microcontroller, because the cost is not satisfactory but have not been very widely used. After 90 years with the great development of consumer electronics, microcontroller technology has been a huge increase. With INTEL i960 series, especially the later series of widely used ARM, 32bit microcontroller quickly replace highend 16bit MCU status and enter the mainstream market. The traditional 8bit microcontroller performance have been the rapid increase capacity increase pared to 80 the number of times. Currently, highend 32bit microcontroller clocked over 300MHz, the performance catching the mid9039。s dedicated processor, while the average model prices fall to one . dollars, the most highend [1] model only 10 SCM systems are no longer only in the development and use of bare metal environment, a large number of proprietary embedded operating system is widely used in the full range of SCM. The handheld puters and cell phones as the core processing of highend microcontroller can even use a dedicated Windows and Linux operating systems. More than a dedicated MCU processor suitable for embedded systems, so it was up to the application. In fact the number of SCM is the world39。s largest puter. Modern human life used in almost every piece of electronic and mechanical products will be integrated single , telephone, calculator, home appliances, electronic toys, handheld puters and pute
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