【正文】 arents relate to their children. Parents who show an interest in the things that matter to their kids and respond to emotions in a positive and caring way are teaching the skill of empathy. Meet Emotional Needs—When children have their emotional needs met, two things happen. They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving, meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive. An empty jug cannot fill a cup. It39。s a good idea to talk to kids about emotions and how other people experience them. Give their emotions names (for example, jealousy, anger, and love) and teach them that these are normal. Talk to them about how to handle emotions in a positive way and point out situations where other people are experiencing emotions. Teach them about respecting the emotions of others and show them how to act in a situation where a response is required.（1）Why is it that the next generation are taught to have empathy? A.Because people tend to center themselves.B.Because everyone lacks empathy.C.Because empathy is a strange quality.D.Because it39。s better to give than to receive.（2）Which situation can empathy be used in? a mathematician is calculating the area of a farmland. a teacher is forting a student about his failure in exams. a criminal is cheating a victim. a dancer is dancing to music.（3）What does the underlined sentence An empty jug cannot fill a cup mean? empty jug is too small to hold a cup.39。s a must to talk to kids about emotions. should set an example to kids. give empathy with their emotional needs met first.（4）What is the main topic of the passage? to train kids to have empathy. to distinguish sympathy and empathy. to help kids finish empathyrelated tasks. kids can be trained to be more empathetic.【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，在一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)自我滿(mǎn)足的世界里，我們更有理由教導(dǎo)下一代，對(duì)周?chē)娜吮в型硇囊馕吨裁础Ｍ瑫r(shí)說(shuō)明了同理心的含義，以及如何培養(yǎng)孩子的同理心。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的”In a world where selfsatisfaction is emphasized, it is in short supply but high demand. This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.“在一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)自我滿(mǎn)足的世界里，它供不應(yīng)求。因此，我們更有理由教導(dǎo)下一代，對(duì)周?chē)娜吮в型硇囊馕吨裁??？芍乱淮吮唤虒?dǎo)要有同理心，因?yàn)槿藗兺宰约簽橹行摹９蔬xA。 （2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的”While some children are gifted with naturally kind hearts, in most cases kids need to see empathy modeled by the adults around them.“雖然有些孩子天生就有一顆善良的心，但在大多數(shù)情況下，孩子們需要看到他們周?chē)赡耆说耐樾?。故選B。 （3）考查句義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第四段中的”Meet Emotional Needs—When children have their emotional needs met, two things happen. They learn how to meet the emotional needs of others and they are anchored in what they are receiving, meaning that they are secure enough to give to others when the need arises but first they need to receive.“滿(mǎn)足情感需求——當(dāng)孩子們的情感需求得到滿(mǎn)足時(shí)，會(huì)發(fā)生兩件事。他們學(xué)習(xí)如何滿(mǎn)足他人的情感需求，他們被錨定在他們所接受的東西上，這意味著當(dāng)需求出現(xiàn)時(shí)，他們有足夠的安全感去給予他人，但首先他們需要接受?？芍?，要想孩子們有同理心，必須首先滿(mǎn)足他們自己的情感需求。故選D。 （4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的”This is all the more reason to teach the next generation what it means to have empathy for those around them.“ 因此，我們更有理由教導(dǎo)下一代，對(duì)周?chē)娜吮в型硇囊馕吨裁?。以及文章主要?nèi)容為如何教導(dǎo)孩子擁有同理心客棧，故選A。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷，句義猜測(cè)和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解 Researchers in Australia have discovered an effective new method to capture the atmospheric carbon dioxide that is damaging our planet and transform it into something solid, making it much easier to store. Carbon capture isn39。t new, but previous methods call for the gas to be pressed into liquid and then injected underground. Widespread usage of that technology has been locked by economic and environmental concerns due to possible leaks. Instead, in a study published in Nature Communications, the group details their sustainable and costeffective plan for transforming CO2 into coal. This new process involves a liquid metal catalyst(催化劑)that is efficient in conducting electricity. CO2 gas is dissolved in a container with some liquid. Once electricity charge is introduced, the CO2 begins to turn into solid pieces of carbon, which can be collected and stored. What makes this particularly unique is that the entire process can occur at room temperature. Previous experiments have only shown a gas to solid conversion at extremely high temperature, which made it impossible on a large scale. Now, the researchers are hoping that their work will be used to create even further when it es to carbon storage. In an interesting side benefit, the solid carbon also works as an electrode(焊條), which opens up a world of possibilities. A side benefit of the process is that the carbon can hold electrical charge, being a super battery, so it could potentially be used as a part in future vehicles, explains Dr. Dorna Estrafilzadeh, a researcher. The process also produces fuel as a byproduct, which could also have industrial applications.（1）What can we know about the previous carbon capture methods? A.People have to inject liquid to the gas.B.The previous methods can be done easily.C.The previous methods are not very popular.D.People have widely accepted previous methods.（2）What is the special part of the new method? A.It needs electricity to make the process efficient.B.It can be done in any kind of container.C.It doesn39。t need extreme temperature.D.It can produce much solid carbon.（3）What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.The method will make fossil oil disappear.B.The method will influence the future industry.C.The method will make developed countries more powerful.D.The method will be used to make new vehicles.（4）What is the best title for the passage? A.How to change carbon into CO2.B.A new carbon capture technology.C.A new technology to get useful carbon.D.Australia makes the world cleaner than before.【答案】 （1）C（2）C（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了一種新的碳捕獲技術(shù)的原理，優(yōu)點(diǎn)和對(duì)未來(lái)工業(yè)的影響。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Widespread usage of that technology has been locked by economic and environmental concerns due to possible leaks.”可知之前技術(shù)的廣泛應(yīng)用受到了經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境方面的限制。故選C。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“What makes this particularly unique is that