【正文】 eally want to show us? A.The poor are respectable.B.Money is the root of all evil.C.All rich people are untrustworthy.D.The rich are more likely to act badly.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，作者主要通過展示幾個實驗的結果，旨在證明金錢是一切罪惡的根源這一說法可能是有一定道理的。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“new study claims there may be some truth behind the saying…that rich people are more likely to do immoral things, such as lie or cheat, than poorer people.”可知，用這個俗語“金錢是萬惡之源”來引出本文的話題——富人們是否比窮人們更加有可能做不道德的事情，通過一些實驗來證實，讓讀者們看到這一研究，目的是吸引讀者對這個研究的注意，故選B。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“According to the scientists, rich people often think money can get them out of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take risks. It also means they care less about other people39。s feelings.”按照科學家的研究，富人們通常認為錢可以解決一切麻煩，所以他們更不害怕冒險，也意味著他們更少在乎其他人的感受，可知，他們喜歡冒險并不是讓他們不道德的因素，而且從常識來說，并不是所有喜歡冒險的人就是富人，而且喜歡冒險也不代表不道德，故選A。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“He said the experiments were to show how people living in different social situations express their instincts(本能) and values in different ways.”可知，實驗的目的是展示生活在不同的社會狀況下的人們?nèi)绾我圆煌姆绞絹肀磉_他們的本能和價值觀。故選A。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Piff pointed out that the findings don39。t mean that all rich people are untrustworthy or all poor people honest.”可知，并不是所有的富人都是不值得信任的，也并不是所有的窮人都是誠實的，故A，C都錯誤；B項“金錢是萬惡之源”這只是一個引子，并不是文章要告訴我們的；根據(jù)文章第一段科學家發(fā)表的聲明可知，富人們更加有可能不道德，也就是行為上更糟糕，惡劣。故選D?！军c評】本題考點涉及推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解 We want our children to succeed, in school and, perhaps even more importantly, in life. But the paradox(悖論) is that our children can only truly succeed if they first learn how to fail. Consider the finding that worldclass figure skaters fall over more often in practice than lowlevel figure skaters. At first sight this seems contradictory. Why are the really good skaters falling over the most? The reason is actually quite simple. Top skaters are constantly challenging themselves in practice, attempting jumps that stretch their limitations. This is why they fall over so often, but it is precisely why they learn so fast. Lowerlevel skaters have a quite different approach. They are always attempting jumps they can already do very easily, remaining within their fort zone. This is why they don39。t fall over. In a superficial sense, they look successful, because they are always on their feet. The truth, however, is that by never failing, they never progress. What is true of skating is also true of life. James Dyson worked through 5,126 failed prototypes(原型) for his dual cyclone vacuum before coining up with the design that made his fortune. These failures were essential to the pathway of learning. As Dyson put it: “You can39。t develop new technology unless you test new ideas and learn when things go wrong. Failure is essential to invention.” In healthcare, however, things are very different. Clinicians don39。t like to admit to failure, partly because they have healthy egos(自我)(particularly the senior doctors) and partly because they fear litigation(訴訟). The consequence is that instead of learning from failure, healthcare often covers up failure. The direct consequence is that the same mistakes are repeated. According to the Journal of Patient Safety, 400,000 people die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error. Until healthcare learns to respond positively to failure, things will not improve. But let us return to children. One of the major mistakes in education in the 1970s was the attempt to equip children with confidence by giving them lots of successes （setting the bar very low）. The consequence was that the ego of kids became bound up with success, and they became unable to take risks and collapsed as soon as they hit a proper challenge. We need to flip(翻轉) this approach. In a plex world, failure is inevitable. It is those individuals and institutions that have the flexibility to face up to failure, learn the lessons and adapt which eventually excel(突出).（1）The question raised in the first paragraph is to ________. A.open up a discussion on the topicB.analyze the reason for successC.express the author39。s oppositionD.doubt the abilities of the top skaters（2）Which of the following is the structure of the passage? A.B.C.D.（3）What would be the best title for the passage? A.How we can avoid failure in lifeB.What we should learn from failureC.Why failure is the key to flying highD.Where we further improve ourselves【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，論證了“失敗是孩子成功的必須條件”這一觀點。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“But the paradox（悖論）is that our children can only truly succeed if they first learn how to fail.”可知，文章的中心論點是如果孩子想要真正成功，首先就要學會失敗。后面以世界級滑冰運動員摔倒的次數(shù)更多來證明這一點，最后一句提出問題：為什么好的滑冰運動員反而摔倒的次數(shù)多呢？下文對這個問題做了回答，進一步闡明了文章的中心論點。很明顯，這個問題就是為了引出下文對中心論點的論述服務的。故選A。(2)考查文章結構。第一段提出中心論點并以滑冰運動員為例引出第二段。第三段James Dyson為正面例子證明：成功是建立失敗的基礎上的。而第四和第五兩段分別以醫(yī)療和20世紀七十年代的兒童教育為反例證明：不經(jīng)歷失敗就不會獲得成功和提高。最后一段再次強調(diào)中心論點。故選A。(3)考查主旨大意。文章第一段即提出中心論點：the paradox（悖論）is that our children can only truly succeed if they first learn how to fail，中間幾段以正反兩方面的例子證明了該論點。最后一段又重新強調(diào)了該論點。很明顯，文章的中心意思就是：失敗是孩子真正成功的必要條件。故選C?！军c評】本題考點涉及推理判斷，文章結構和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解 One of the most striking findings of a newly research in the UK is that of the people interviewed, one in two believes that it is being more difficult to meet someone to start a family with. Why are many finding it increasingly difficult to start close relationships? Does modem life really make it harder to fall in love? Or are we making it harder for ourselves? It is certainly the case today that contemporary couples benefit in different ways from relationships. Women no longer rely upon partners for money or status. A man doesn39。t expect his wife to be in (唯一的) charge of running his household and raising his children. But perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it takes much more to persuade people to abandon their independence. In theory, finding a partner should be much simpler these days. Only a few generations ago, your choice of soul mate was limited by geography, social convention and family tradition. Although it was never clear，many marria