【正文】 otional and it ________ (reserve) for us humans.【答案】 by；survivors；using；teeth；to cry；less；if/when/once；him；the；is reserved 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，解釋了短語(yǔ)“鱷魚(yú)的眼淚”的含義，它表示虛假的悲傷?？茖W(xué)家解釋說(shuō)，鱷魚(yú)的確會(huì)流淚，但它們不會(huì)哭。眼淚有助于清潔他們的眼睛。哭純粹是感情用事，是人類的天性。 （1）考查介詞。句意：科學(xué)家說(shuō)，鱷魚(yú)比恐龍壽命長(zhǎng)約6500萬(wàn)年。outlive by固定短語(yǔ)，“比……壽命長(zhǎng)”，故填by。 （2）考查名詞。句意：它們是如此優(yōu)秀的幸存者的一個(gè)原因是它們可以長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不吃東西。根據(jù)上文good為形容詞修飾名詞可知應(yīng)填名詞survivor“幸存者”，且主語(yǔ)they are可知應(yīng)填復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填survivors。 （3）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：它們是專業(yè)的捕獵者，用它們強(qiáng)有力的下顎來(lái)咬它們的獵物，然后把它整個(gè)吞下去。本句中use做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，與邏輯主語(yǔ)they構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞，故填using。 （4）考查名詞。句意：一條鱷魚(yú)一生能咬掉8000顆牙!tooth為可數(shù)名詞，由8000修飾應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填teeth。 （5）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：你假裝哭泣，為某事感到難過(guò)，而實(shí)際上你根本不在乎。pretend to do “假裝做某事”，故填to cry。 （6）考查形容詞。句意：你假裝哭泣，為某事感到難過(guò)，而實(shí)際上你根本不在乎。根據(jù)上文”you could not“可知為“否定詞+形容詞比較級(jí)”表示最高級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)，故填less。 （7）考查連詞。句意：如果/當(dāng)/一旦一條鱷魚(yú)在水邊發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)人，它會(huì)殺死他。本句可理解為條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“如果”，可填if；也可理解為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”或“一旦”，可填when或once，故填if/when/once。 （8）考查代詞。句意：然后鱷魚(yú)會(huì)對(duì)著他哭，最后把他吞下去。做動(dòng)詞swallow的賓語(yǔ)應(yīng)用人稱代詞的賓格形式，故填him。 （9）考查冠詞。句意：另一個(gè)傳說(shuō)表明鱷魚(yú)確實(shí)很聰明。此處表示特指“鱷魚(yú)”這個(gè)物種，應(yīng)用定冠詞，故填the。 （10）考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：哭純粹是感情用事，是人類的天性。本句中it指代上文crying，且與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且描述客觀事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為it，故填is reserved。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及介詞，名詞，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，形容詞，連詞，代詞，冠詞以及時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。4．閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Green is not always referring to the color. In some cases, it is the term used for being________(environment) friendly. If you39。ve been looking to replace your furniture, consider________(go) green because green furniture________(offer) many benefits. Here are a few tips to get you started on your hunt for the perfect ecofriendly furniture. . First, green furniture isn39。t harmful to your health. Also its manufacturing process doesn39。t cause damage________the environment in any way. Besides, by using ecofriendly________(product), you prevent global warming to some degree in your own way. The materials________are used in furniture are what make them green. Materials can be good for the environment________because they are renewable resources or because they are all________(nature). A lack of chemicals in furniture also means it is a better________(choose) for the environment. It may be hard to imagine that a sofa or a table could actually be________green product, but they really can be depending on what they39。re made of. Therefore, when you want to hunt for the perfect green furniture, you should choose the green materials.【答案】 environmentally；going；offers；to；products；that/which；either；natural；choice；a 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，我們?cè)谔鎿Q家俱時(shí)，要選擇對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境友好的家俱，因?yàn)橹谱鬟@些家俱的材料要么是可更新的要么是自然的，這樣，你就保護(hù)了環(huán)境。 （1）考查副詞。副詞其后為形容詞friendly，可考慮用副詞修飾形容詞，即環(huán)境友好型，故填environmentally。 （2）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。consider doing sth固定短語(yǔ)，“考慮做某事”，故填going。 （3）考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)主語(yǔ)green furniture綠色家具帶來(lái)許多益處。可知應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填offers。 （4）考查介詞。句意：大量制造的過(guò)程也不會(huì)造成環(huán)境破壞。damage to固定短語(yǔ)，“毀壞......。故填to。 （5）考查名詞。by using ecofriendly通過(guò)使用環(huán)保型的產(chǎn)品，可知應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填products。（6）考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處是一個(gè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是the materials，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，填that/which。 （7）考查連詞。句意：原料對(duì)于環(huán)境也有益處，或者是因?yàn)樗鼈兪强稍偕Y源，或者因?yàn)樗鼈兌际翘烊坏?。either ......or.....固定短語(yǔ)，”或者.......或者......“，故填either。 （8）考查形容詞。句意：原料對(duì)于環(huán)境也有益處，或者是因?yàn)樗鼈兪强稍偕Y源，或者因?yàn)樗鼈兌际翘烊坏摹４颂幮稳菰~作表語(yǔ)，故填natural。 （9）考查名詞。對(duì)于環(huán)境來(lái)說(shuō)這是一個(gè)好的選擇。不定冠詞后接單數(shù)名詞，故填choice。 （10）考查冠詞。根據(jù)下文”green product“，可知產(chǎn)品為單數(shù)，用不定冠詞，填a。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及副詞，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，時(shí)態(tài)，介詞，名詞，定語(yǔ)從句，連詞，形容詞以及冠詞等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。5．Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word。 for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before ________ visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camel39。s hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat ________ (make) a brush. The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged(蓬亂). His father said that the cat ________ be sick. Benjamin ________ (force) to admit what he had been doing. The cat39。s lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamin39。s cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin39。s drawings. ________ he went home, he sent Benjamin a box for paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings(版畫(huà))by an artist. ________ were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had even seen. In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at ________ Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin39。s parents ________ he might take the boy to Philadelphia for a visit. In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape painting. William Williams, a wellknown painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, ________ (be) a poor student. But he later said, “Those two books were my panions by day, and ________ my pillow at night. While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nineyearold boy decided then that he would be an artist.【答案】 a；to make；must；was forced；When；These；what；whether；being；under 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，，他引領(lǐng)本杰明走上了藝術(shù)之路。 （1）考查冠詞。可數(shù)名詞visitor需要冠詞修飾，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境此處是泛指，故用不定冠詞，且visitor是輔音音素開(kāi)頭，故填a。 （2）考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處應(yīng)指“目的是制作畫(huà)筆”，表目的用不定式，故填to make。 （3）考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：他的父親說(shuō)那只貓肯定病了。根據(jù)be和句意判斷此處應(yīng)填情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，結(jié)合句意“貓肯定病了”此處是肯定推測(cè)，其表達(dá)為must do/be，故填must。 （4）考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。本文講述過(guò)去的事情故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，再結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，主語(yǔ)Benjamin和force之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，填was forced。 （5）考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：當(dāng)他回家時(shí)，他寄給本杰明禮物。這是一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，故填When。 （6）考查代詞。根據(jù)were判斷此處是句子主語(yǔ)，且是復(fù)數(shù)形式，再結(jié)合上下文，此處是指“Mr. Pennington寄給他的那些東西”，可用these代替。故填These。 （7）考查賓語(yǔ)從句。 Benjam