【正文】 ailu res ass ociat ed w it h s im ilar proces s es1 in 15,000 3Ve ry Low : On ly isolat ed f ailu res ass ociat ed w it h alm ost ide ntic al pro c ess es1 in 150 , 000 2R em ote: F ailu re is unl ikely . N o f ailu res ever ass ociat ed w it h alm ost 1 in 1,500,000 1ide ntic al proces s es43 FMEA Key Points About Step 步驟 FMEA的重點(diǎn) Key points about Step : 步驟 ? Some users adopt a 1 to 5 system. 有些用戶采用 15分的系統(tǒng) ? Whatever guidelines are used… 無(wú)論使用那種指南 …… ?Keep a copy with your FMEA. 保存 FMEA的附件 ?Always make the highest number most frequent, the lowest least frequent. 始終讓最頻繁者為最高分 ，最不頻繁者為最低分 Assess the likelihood of occurrence for each cause of failure. 對(duì)每個(gè)失效原因評(píng)估發(fā)生頻率 44 FMEA Example Step FMEA 例子 步驟 . Write down list the current process controls for each cause of failure. 對(duì)每個(gè)失敗的原 因，列出現(xiàn)有流 程的控制 A p p l i c a t i o n o fw a x i n s i d e d o o rT o c ov e ri n n e r door a tm i n i m u mt h i c kn e s sI n s u f f i c i e n tw a xc ov e r a g eD e t e r i or a te d l i f e ofdoor7 M a n u a l l yi n s e r t e d s pr a yh e a d n oti n s e r t e d f a re n ou g h8V i s ua l c he c ke a c h ho ur1/ s hi ft forfi l m t hi c kne s sa nd c ove ra g eS pr a y h e a dsc l og g e d5 T e s t s pr a ypa r t e r n a ts t a r t u pa n d a f t e ri dl e pe r i odS pr a y t i m ei n s u f f i c i e n t8 O pe r a t ori n s t r u c t i ona n d l ots a m pl i n gP ot e n t i a lC a u s e ( s ) /M e c h a n i s m ( s )of F a i l u r e OccurrenceC u r r e n tP r oc e s sC on t r ol sP r oc e s s s t e pR e qu i r e m e n t sP ot e n t i a lF a i l u r eM odeP ot e n t i a lE f f e c t ( s ) off a i l u r e Severity45 FMEA Key Points About Step 步驟 FMEA的重點(diǎn) Key points about Step : 步驟 ? Write down the actual controls, not the “ Wannabe” controls. 確保列出實(shí)際控制方法 ,不要列 “ 最理想 ” 的控制 ? Be brutally honest, if there is no control, just say it. 要坦白誠(chéng)實(shí) ， 如果沒(méi)有控制要說(shuō)出來(lái) ? Normally, there is no control for the cause of the failure mode。 but there is a control to detect the failure mode itself. 一般情況是 ， 對(duì)失效模式的原因沒(méi)有控制 ， 但對(duì)探測(cè)失效模式本身有控制 . Write down the current process controls for each cause of failure. 對(duì)每個(gè)失敗的原 因，列出現(xiàn)有過(guò) 程的控制 46 Process Control Example 過(guò)程控制案例 ? In an injection molding process, injection pressure of over 8000 pieze (kilopascals) leads to a smaller dimension. At a later stage, this makes assembly difficult. 有一個(gè)模具注塑工序，注塑壓力超過(guò)8000皮茲（ 1000帕斯卡）導(dǎo)致尺寸偏差，在后面階段，裝配變的很困難 ? A process control on the cause (injection pressure) might be a sensor on the hydraulic circuit. 對(duì)這個(gè)原因（注塑壓力）的過(guò)程控制可能是一個(gè)壓感應(yīng)器 47 Process Control Example 過(guò)程控制案例 ? A process control on the failure mode (smaller dimension) might be an inspection on the dimension. 對(duì)這種失效模式（尺寸偏差）的流程控制可能是對(duì)每個(gè)部件的尺寸進(jìn)行檢查 48 FMEA Example Step FMEA 例子 步驟 . Estimate the detection for each process control. 對(duì)每個(gè)過(guò)程控制，估計(jì)可測(cè)性 A p p l i c a t i o n o fw a x i n s i d e d o o rT o c ov e ri n n e r door a tm i n i m u mt h i c kn e s sI n s u f f i c i e n tw a xc ov e r a g eD e t e r i or a te d l i f e ofdoor7 M a n u a l l yi n s e r t e d s pr a yh e a d n oti n s e r t e d f a re n ou g h8V i s ua l c he c ke a c h ho ur1/ s hi ft forfi l m t hi c kne s sa nd c ove ra g e5S pr a y h e a dsc l og g e d5 T e s t s pr a ypa r t e r n a ts t a r t u pa n d a f t e ri dl e pe r i od3S pr a y t i m ei n s u f f i c i e n t8 O pe r a t ori n s t r u c t i ona n d l ots a m pl i n g7P ot e n t i a lC a u s e ( s ) /M e c h a n i s m ( s )of F a i l u r e OccurrenceC u r r e n tP r oc e s sC on t r ol sP r oc e s s s t e pR e qu i r e m e n t sP ot e n t i a lF a i l u r eM odeP ot e n t i a lE f f e c t ( s ) off a i l u r e SeverityDetection49 FMEA Example Step : AIAG* Detection Guidelines AIAG的可測(cè)性指南 Note: AIAG is the Automotive Industry Action Group, which currently piles the FMEA standards for the North American Auto Industry. 備注： AIAG是汽車工業(yè)行動(dòng)集團(tuán)的縮寫，目前北美汽車工業(yè) FMEA標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編寫者 Cr iteri a : L ik e li h o o d t h e E xi ste n ce o f a Def e ct wi ll b e Det e cte d b y P r o cess Con trols Be fo r e Next o r S u b seq u e n t Proce ss, o r B e fo r e P a r t o r Com p o n e n t L e a ves th e Man u fa ctu r ing o r Dete ction Asse m b ly L o cat ion Ran ki n gAlm o st No kn o wn co n trol a vailab le t o d e te ct 10Impo ssi b le cau se/ m e cha n is m o f fa il u r e o r t h e f a il u r e mod eVe r y Ve r y rem o te li keliho o d cu r r e n t con trol wi ll d e te ct 9Rem o te cau se/ m e cha n is m o f fa il u r e o r t h e f a il u r e mod eRem o te Rem o te li keliho o d cu r r e n t con trol wi ll d e te ct 8cau se/ m e cha n is m o f fa il u r e o r t h e f a il u r e mod eVe r y Ve r y low li keliho o d cu r r e n t con trol wi ll d e te ct 7Low cau se/ m e cha n is m o f fa il u r e o r t h e f a il u r e mod eLow L o w l ik e li h o o d cu r r e n t con trol wi ll d e te ct 6cau se/ m e cha n is m o f fa il u r e o r t h e f a il u r e mod eM o d e r a te M o d e r a te li keliho o d cu r r e n t con trol wi ll d e te ct 5cau se/ m e cha n is m o f fa il u r e o r t h e f a il u r e mod eM o d e r a te ly M o d e r a te ly h igh li keliho o d cu r r e n t con trol wi ll 4Hi g h d e te ct ca u se/ m e cha n is m o f fa il u r e o r t h e f a il u r e mod eHi g h Hi g h li keliho o d cu r