【正文】 ment must be authenticated by the debtor擔保合同必須由債務人 ? A security agreement must contain a description of the collateral擔保合同中必須包含對抵押品的描述 ? A security interest cannot attach unless ―value‖ is given*除非給定“價值”否則不能附加擔保利益 ? ―A value‖ in security agreement擔保合同中的“價值” ? A value is set in accordance with an amount intended to cover existing or future credit outstanding in part or in 的部分或全部貸款額 ? Other Issues其他問題 ? Intercreditor agreement貸款機構間協(xié)議 ? Paripassu charge比例平等抵押 ? Creation of security interest alone cannot preserve creditor’s priority over lien creditors and other secured parties with an interest in the same collateral. 僅僅使用擔保利益不能保證債權人可以優(yōu)先于留置債權人和其他對抵押品有權力的債權人 *Based on: Law in a Nutshell: Secured transactions, Richard B. Hagedorn, Thomson West, 2023, p57, 92, 95 Perfection of Security Interest 擔保利益的完善 ? After perfection the secured party is protected against other creditors and transferees of the debtor and in particular, against any representative of creditors in insolvency proceedings instituted by or against the debtor.*在完善擔保利益之后，被擔保方的利益對其他債權人和債務人的轉讓方是被保護的，特別是在債務人破產(chǎn)時，對其他債權人代表而言。 ? Depending on the jurisdiction, different collateral may have different rules for perfection根據(jù)權限，不同的抵押物有不同的完善規(guī)則 ? Perfection upon attachment alone單獨附加的完善 ? Temporary perfection in certain collateral特定抵押物的暫時完善 ? Perfection by pledge or possessory security interest通過抵押或擁有擔保利益來完善 ? Perfection by filing (registration)歸檔（登記）完善 ? Perfection where filing is required under a special law特定法律規(guī)定需要通過歸檔來完善 ? Perfection by public notice (example: news paper advertisement)通過公告來完善（例：報紙廣告） *Based on: Law in a Nutshell: Secured transactions, Richard B. Hagedorn, Thomson West, 2023, p123 6. Collateral Management 抵押品管理 Collateral Management 抵押品管理 ? Collateral Management抵押品管理 ? Collateral management includes two risk management concepts: 抵押品管理包括兩項風險管理概念 ? (1) Collateral management for credit risk management信貸風險管理的抵押品管理 ? (2) Safeguarding the enforceability強制行使權的保護 Collateral Management 抵押品管理 Collateral Management for CRM 抵押品管理 Safeguarding the Enforceability 保護強制行使權 Safe Custody/ Collateral Book 保管 /抵押品登記冊 Credit File 信貸檔案 ? Record Keeping檔案記錄 ? Revaluation/Reappraisal against credit exposure 根據(jù)信用風險再評估 /再評價 ? Numbering/Tagging編號 /標簽 ? Maturity Management到期管理 ? Renewal of security interest 更新?lián)＠? ? Periodical check of inventory 定期實物檢查 Credit File信用檔案 I ? Record Keeping檔案管理 ? Appraiser’s name, the effective date of the evaluation, and signature and address (when the evaluation is outsourced)鑒定人名稱，評估的有效日期，千字和地址（當評估是由外部人員完成的） ? Description of the collateral抵押品描述 ? Real estate: ownership, location, shape, condition, developments, pictures, maps, neighborhood, usage, a copy of construction approval, attached easement, ：所有者，位置，形狀，環(huán)境，發(fā)展狀況，照片，地圖，附近情況，用途，建筑批準書復印件，附屬物，等 ? Goods: location of the goods, quantity, species/variety, measure/weight, value per unit, quality, condition, schedule 商品：物品所在地，數(shù)量，種類 /品種，尺寸 /重量，單價，質量，情況，時間表 ? Intangibles: pledgor, amount, quantity, third party obligor, attached security interest, ：抵押人，金額，數(shù)量，第三方債務人，附加擔保利益，等 ? Description of the evaluation method employed對所用評估方法的描述 ? Description of the source information used in the evaluation評估中信息來源的描述 ? An estimated value of the collateral and the opinion of the loan officer on the evaluation抵押品的估計價值，以及貸款主管的對評估的意見 Source: Interagency Appraisal and Evaluation Guidelines, FDIC, 1994 Credit File信用檔案 II ? Reappraisal重新評估 ? Collateral should be regularly revalued depending on the collateral ? Collateral value should be constantly monitored against credit ? Frequency of reappraisal depends on the market condition重新評估的頻率應該根據(jù)市場情況決定 ? Real estate (revaluation): every 6 months or 12 months 房地產(chǎn)（重新評估）：每 6或 12個月 ? Real estate (onsite survey): every month or 3 months 房地產(chǎn)（實地調(diào)查）：每 1或 3個月 ? Farm product: every week or month depending on the market 農(nóng)產(chǎn)品：根據(jù)市場情況每周或月 ? Inventory: depending on the market 存貨：根據(jù)市場 ? Mobile vehicle: every 3 month or 6 month 機動車：每 3或 6個月 ? Intangibles: daily basis if marktomarket is required (depending on the type of transaction) 無形資產(chǎn)：如果必須按市價調(diào)整，則每天進行（根據(jù)業(yè)務種類） Credit File: Example信用檔案：舉例 Type of loan 貸款種類 Original amount or credit line金額 /信用額度 Loan proceeds outstanding 剩余借款 Loan credit outstanding 剩余信用額度 Type of collateral 抵押品種類 Original Collateral Evaluation 出示抵押品評估 Latest Collateral Evaluation 最近抵押品評估 Haircut折扣 Collateral Value 抵押品價值 Term loan A Term loan B Revolving line循環(huán)貸款額度 50 120 30 10 95 0 10 95 30 Land土地 Building建筑物 Receivable應收款 Public Guarantee公共擔保 Time deposits定期存款 110 50 40 10 90 40 40 10 12 40 100 25 0 0 54 0 30 10 12 Total 105 (A)135 Total (B)106 Unsecured Balance 不安全余額 (A)(B) 29 Borrower: ABC Trading Co. Internal Credit Score: 4B External: n/a As of: Mar 08 借款方： ABC貿(mào)易公司， 內(nèi)部編號： 4B，外部：不適用，日期： 3月 8日 Thousand $ ? After evaluation of land and building the following credit/collateral balance table is updated. How do you interpret the table and what should be done?在評估了土地和建筑物之后，更新貸款 /擔保余額表，你怎樣理解這張表和需要做什么 Safe Custody/Collateral Book I 保管 /抵押品登記冊 ? Safe Custody保管 ? In order to safeguard and protect t