【正文】 detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers pared the men’s mentalhealth scores with their boyhoodactivity scores with their boyhoodactivity scores. Points were awarded for parttime jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems. The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out. Workingat any ageis important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and petencethe underpinnings (基礎(chǔ) ) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward mon goals. The most petent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work.” 46. What do we know about John? A. He enjoyed his career and marriage. B. He had few childhood playmates. C. He received little love from his family. D. He was envied by others in his childhood. 47. Vaillant’s words in Paragraph 2 serve as _____. A. a description of personal values and social values B. an analysis of how work was related to petence C. an example for parents’ expectations of their children D. an explanation why some boys grew into happy men 48. Vaillant’s team obtained their findings by _____. A. recording the boys’ effort in school B. evaluating the men’s mental health C. paring different sets of scores D. measuring the men’s problem solving ability 49. What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A. Quick to react B. Having a thin edge C. Clear and definite D. sudden and rapid 50. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. petent adults know more about love than work. B. Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life. C. Love brings more joy to people than work does. D. Independence is the key to one’s success. D Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding. We experience this tiredness in two ways: as startup fatigue(疲憊 ) and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel. Such startup fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first. Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical(按字母順序 ), never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day’s work with the difficult task of essaywriting. Experience proved that the rule works. Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I canthen let the unconscious take over. When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica (《大英百科全書》 ), I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after dat I kept ing up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable. One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relived, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep. An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had e up in my unconscious mind provided correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing. Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired. 51. People with startup fatigue are most