轉(zhuǎn)型國(guó)家民營(yíng)銀行的發(fā)展研究外文翻譯(已改無(wú)錯(cuò)字)
2022-09-13 18:43:52 本頁(yè)面
【正文】 mercial portfolio of the national bank. However, by the end of 1994, only two of these banks had been privatized and only two more would be privatized before 1997. Foreign ownership of banking assets remained insignificant in Poland at about 2% in the mid1990s.Macroeconomic instability and financial sector distress made bank privatization infeasible in Bulgaria and Romania during the first half of the 1990s. By 1995, neither Bulgaria nor Romania had privatized any banks and foreign ownership of banking assets was negligible at less than 1% in both countries. banking assets. Of the six countries, only Hungary and to a lesser extent Poland had mitted to selling banks to foreign investors by the end of the first half of the , by the end the decade, five of the six countries were embarked on, or had pleted, privatizations that would put at least 75% of their banking assets under foreign control by 2002. The second half of the 1990s witnessed a flurry of bank privatizations in these countries. Appendix A lists the banks in our sample from each country ranked according to market share at the end of the decade. Information on each bank’s status throughout the 1990s is provided and, when relevant, the bank’s privatization is dated. Bank privatization proceeded relatively swiftly in Hungary。 by mid1997, eight of the top ten banks were majority foreignowned. After a few initial bank privatizations, the Polish government became sidetracked by a bank consolidation initiative that was intended to fend off foreign petition. Nonetheless, a bination of mergers and privatizations involving foreign partners left foreigner investors holding more than 75% of Polish banking assets by 2000. t was late to recognize the importance of attracting strategic foreign investors for its large voucherprivatized banks, all major banks were sold to foreign owners by mid2001. instituting a currency board and stabilizing the macroeconomic environment, the Bulgarian government privatized its first bank to a consortium of investors in the end of 2000, eight of the ten largest banks in Bulgaria were foreign owned. Romania is a laggard in bank privatization pared to the other former CPEs. holdings in Croatia, foreigner investors had acquired about 84% of banking assets by 2000 and, by 2002, all of the ten largest banks in the country were majority foreign owned. In summary, Hungary was the first country to shed the legacies of the CPE by privatizing all but one of its major banks by mid1997. In Poland, after some delay in the privatization timetable, only the zloty savings bank and the umbrella agricultural bank remain statecontrolled. Initially, the Czech Republic placed three big banks in the voucher privatization program but, despite a late start, foreign investors gained control of all large Czech banks by mid2001. The banking sectors in Bulgaria, Romania, and Croatia were financially distressed in the first half of the 1990s, albeit for different reasons, so that bank privatization could not begin until the late 1990s. Once started, sales of banks to foreign investors were rapid in Bulgaria and Croatia. Romania is the only one of the six transition countries in this study to retain significant government ownership in its banking sector through 2003 with only one of its three largest banks privatized. 轉(zhuǎn)型國(guó)家的銀行民營(yíng)化效率作者：約翰博寧。伊夫特哈爾哈桑。保羅沃赫特爾1． 引言上世紀(jì)90年代，中歐和東南歐轉(zhuǎn)型經(jīng)濟(jì)體國(guó)家對(duì)銀行部門進(jìn)行了大幅調(diào)整。在大多數(shù)情況下，新設(shè)金融組織旨在支持中央計(jì)劃?rùn)C(jī)關(guān)，新政府紛紛采取措施建立現(xiàn)代商業(yè)銀行部門。第一個(gè)基本步驟是從國(guó)有銀行投資組合中剝離商業(yè)和零售業(yè)務(wù)，同時(shí)新的股份制銀行與通用許可證可以完全國(guó)有。銀行私有化是這些國(guó)家金融改革議程中的重要組成部分，雖然許多文章中描述過(guò)這些金融領(lǐng)域的改革和銀行私有化的存在，但沒(méi)有一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的實(shí)證研究是可行的，直到能足夠建立一個(gè)有意義的數(shù)據(jù)集，例如：Bonin， Mizsei， Sz233。kely，和Wachtel (1998)。調(diào)查的基本問(wèn)題是，銀行的私有化是否能夠提高銀行業(yè)績(jī)。雖然理論文獻(xiàn)表明，民營(yíng)企業(yè)應(yīng)該可以超越政府所擁有的公司，但還需要經(jīng)驗(yàn)證據(jù)來(lái)證實(shí)這個(gè)國(guó)有銀行轉(zhuǎn)型的理論假說(shuō)。實(shí)證文獻(xiàn)提供了關(guān)于個(gè)別銀行的表現(xiàn)和對(duì)銀行部門的效率進(jìn)行影響的相關(guān)證據(jù)。在一個(gè)跨國(guó)研究La Porta，LopezDeSil
環(huán)評(píng)公示相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號(hào)-1