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中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全(已改無(wú)錯(cuò)字)

2023-05-07 07:51:35 本頁(yè)面
  

【正文】 是誰(shuí)?) / What colour are their hats?(他們的帽子是什么顏色?) / Which car was made in Germany?(哪輛車是德國(guó)造的?)(被動(dòng)句) 注意這個(gè)提問(wèn):The man in the car is my father.(車?yán)锏哪腥耸俏腋赣H)→Which man is your father?(哪個(gè)男人是你的父親?)which除了可以詢問(wèn)指代的情況之外,還可以針對(duì)說(shuō)明人物的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、歲數(shù)、顏色、大小、狀況等進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。如:People there live a very sad life.(那里的人生活凄慘) →Which people live a sad life? (哪些人生活凄慘?)/ Which hotel have you booked for your holiday?(為了度假你預(yù)訂了哪家旅館?)—The biggest one in Haikou.(海口最大的那家旅館)疑問(wèn)代詞不分單復(fù)數(shù),視它所替代的人或事物決定單復(fù)數(shù),但是通常用單數(shù);如果修飾名詞,則以名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)為準(zhǔn)。如:Who is (are) in that playhouse?(誰(shuí)在游戲房里?) / What is that? (那是什么?)/ What are those? (那些是什么?) / What colours do they have?(它們有哪些顏色?)四、數(shù)詞: 分類:數(shù)詞有基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩種。英語(yǔ)的數(shù)詞可以作句子的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)?;鶖?shù)詞:表示數(shù)目的詞叫基數(shù)詞。 英語(yǔ)中常用的基數(shù)詞有:123456789101112onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelve13141516171819thirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteen2030405060708090100twentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightyninetyone(a) hundred2335101twentythreethirtyfiveone hundred and one1000→one(a) thousand,10000→ ten thousand,100000→one hundred thousand ,1000000→one million,10000000→ten million, 100000000→one hundred million,108→one hundred and eight, 146→one hundred and fortysix, 500→five hundred , 1001→one thousand and one, 1813→one thousand eight hundred and thirteen. [注]:(1)百位與十位之間要加and;十萬(wàn)位和萬(wàn)位,億位和千萬(wàn)位之間通常也要加and。(2)英語(yǔ)用千、百萬(wàn)等單位計(jì)數(shù),大數(shù)字從右向左看, 每隔三位劃一逗號(hào),倒數(shù)第一個(gè)逗號(hào)之前要用thousand,倒數(shù)第二個(gè)逗號(hào)之前要用million,倒數(shù)第三的逗號(hào)之前要用billion表示。(3) hundred、 thousand、 million作數(shù)詞時(shí),不用復(fù)數(shù),前面可以加上one, two, …等其它數(shù)詞。用作名詞時(shí)復(fù)數(shù)表示“成…上…”,后面必須要有of,前面可以加上some,many,several等詞。如:five hundred(五百), hundreds of(成百上千的), ten thousand(一萬(wàn)), thousands of(成千上萬(wàn)的), millions of(成百萬(wàn)的)序數(shù)詞:表示順序的數(shù)詞叫序數(shù)詞。 英語(yǔ)的序數(shù)詞基本變法: (1) 一般在基數(shù)詞后加th,(2)ve結(jié)尾的改為fth,(3)ty結(jié)尾的改為tieth,(4)熟記特殊詞。序數(shù)詞如下:1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th11th12th※first※second※thirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwelfth13th14th15th16th17th18th19ththirteenthfourteenthfifteenthsixteenthseventeentheighteenthnineteenth20th30th40th50th60th70th80th90th100thtwentieththirtiethfortiethfiftiethsixtiethseventietheightiethninetiethone undredth21st22nd23rd35th101sttwentyfirsttwentysecondtwentythirdthirtyfifthone hundred and first1000th→one thousandth, 1000000th →one millionth., 第703→the seven hundred and third, 第5480→the five thousand four hundred and eightieth.注:(1)兩位以上的序數(shù)詞僅個(gè)位數(shù)部分用序數(shù)詞,其余部分仍用基數(shù)詞。如:thirtysixth,(2) 使用序數(shù)詞時(shí)一般加定冠詞the. 如:I’m in the third grade.(3) 序數(shù)詞作“幾分之幾”講時(shí),有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:1/5→one fifth 。 2/3→ two thirds 。 4/7→ four sevenths 。 1/2→ a half 。 1/4→a quarter 。 3/4→ three quarters 。 50%→ fifty hundredths ( fifty per cent).數(shù)詞的用法:表示年份:2002: twenty thousand and two 。 1976 : nineteen seventysix.表示日期: 12月1日: first of December;2002年11月8日: Nov. 8th, 2002.表示時(shí)刻: 5:15→ five fifteen或a quarter past five 。 8:30→ eight thirty或half past eight 。 10:45→ ten fortyfive或a quarter to eleven.表示編號(hào):Room 105→Room one 0 five。 Bus →Bus Number Thirteen。 →Page Five。 →Telephone Number sevensixfiveeightsixfivenine小數(shù)的讀法:→ five point seven, →zero point one six.“半”的表達(dá): 1/2→half, 半小時(shí)→half an hour, →one and a half hours或one hour and a half. 序數(shù)詞前面加the時(shí),表示順序,加a/an時(shí)表示“再一、又一”。如:The third lesson is rather difficult.(第三課相當(dāng)難)/ Shall we read the text a third time?(我們把課文讀第三遍,好嗎?)五、冠詞冠詞分類及讀法: 英語(yǔ)中冠詞有不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種,常放在名詞的前面,用來(lái)限定名詞的意義,起泛指或特指的作用。定冠詞the讀法:?jiǎn)为?dú)念時(shí)讀[Ti:],在句子中常發(fā)[Ti ](元音之前)或者[T[](輔音之前); 不定冠詞a/an的讀法:?jiǎn)为?dú)念時(shí)讀 [ei ]/[An ];在句子中常發(fā) [[]/[[n]。 不定冠詞a / an的用法:不定冠詞a / an用在單數(shù)名詞的前面,a用在輔音開(kāi)頭的詞前面。 an用在元音開(kāi)頭的詞的前面。不定冠詞的基本用法:(1) 表示某一個(gè)人或東西,但不具體說(shuō)明何人或何物。如:There is a dog lying on the ground.(有一只狗躺在地上。)(2) 表示某類人或事物,以區(qū)別于其他種類。如:A elephant is much stronger than a man.(大象比人強(qiáng)壯多了。)(不能譯為:一頭大象比一個(gè)人強(qiáng)壯。)(2) 表示某類人或事物中的任何一個(gè)。如:He is a teacher of English.(他是英語(yǔ)教師。)(4) 表示“一”這個(gè)數(shù)量。如:There is a table and four chairs in that diningroom.(在那個(gè)餐廳里有一張桌子和四把椅子。)(5) 幾個(gè)用不定冠詞的習(xí)語(yǔ):a bit(一點(diǎn)), a little(一點(diǎn)), a few(幾個(gè)), a lot (許多), a kind of(一種), a pair of(一副、一雙), a number of(大量的), a piece of (一張、一片), half an hour(半小時(shí)), have a good time(玩得開(kāi)心), have a cold(感冒), make a noise(發(fā)出嘈雜聲), have/take a (rest等)(休息)一會(huì)兒,等等。定冠詞the的用法:定冠詞the用在可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)的名詞前面。定冠詞的基本用法:(1) 表示特指的人或事物。如:The man with a flower in his hand is Jack..(手上拿著一朵花的男人是杰克)(2) 指談話雙方都熟悉的人或事物。如:Look at the blackboard,Lily.(莉莉,請(qǐng)看黑板。)(3) 復(fù)述前面提到過(guò)的人或事物。如:There is a man under the tree. The man is called Robert.(樹(shù)下有個(gè)人, 那個(gè)人叫羅伯特。)(4) 表示世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物。如:The earth turns around the sun.(地球繞太陽(yáng)旋轉(zhuǎn)。)(5) 用在表示方位的名詞前面。如:There will be strong wind to the south of the Yangtze River.(長(zhǎng)江以南地 區(qū)將會(huì)刮大風(fēng)。)(6) 在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)的前面。如:Who is the first one to go?(誰(shuí)第一個(gè)去?) / Of all the stars, the sun is the nearest to the earth.(在所有的恒星之中太陽(yáng)離地球最近)(7) 常用在樂(lè)器名稱的前面。如:He began to play the violin at the age of 5.(五歲時(shí)他開(kāi)始拉小提琴)(8) 用在江河、海洋、山脈等名稱的前面。如:I have never been to the Himalaya Mountains.(我從來(lái)沒(méi)有去過(guò)喜馬拉雅山)(9) 用在含有普通名詞的專有名詞的前面。如:He is from the United States of America.(他來(lái)自美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó))(10)用在姓氏之前表示一家人。如:The Greens are going to Mount Emei next month.(下個(gè)月格林一家要去峨眉山)(11)same之前一般用the。如:Lucy and Lily look the same.(露西和莉莉看上去長(zhǎng)得一樣)(12)幾個(gè)用定冠詞的習(xí)語(yǔ):at the same time (與此同時(shí)),make the bed(鋪床),in the end(最后),all the time(一直),by the way(順便說(shuō)一下),on the way(在路上)等等。 一些不用冠詞的情況:(1) 專有名詞和(第一次使用)一些不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)前面通常不用。如:China is a very large country.(中國(guó)是個(gè)大國(guó)) / Man needs air and water.(人類需要空氣和水) (2) 名詞前已有指示、物主或不定代詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)不用。如:My pen is much more expensive than yours.(我的鋼筆比你的昂貴多了)(3) 周名,月名或季節(jié)名前一般不用。如:He was born on Monday, February 18,1995.(他出生在1995年二月十八日,星期一) / They usually plant trees on the hills in spring.(春天他們通常在山上植樹(shù))(4) (第一次使用)復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示人或事物的類別時(shí)不用。如:Men are cleverer than monkeys.(人比猴子聰明)(5) 三餐飯前不用。如:We have breakfast at home and lunch at school.(我們?cè)诩页栽顼?在校
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