【正文】
/buy/borrow/sell/leave/arrive/ receive/bee等詞語是 瞬間動詞表示的動作是一時的,不能延續(xù),不能與 for、 since等表示一段時間的詞連用,也不能用于 how long引導(dǎo)的疑問句中。 如不能說: He has borrowed the book for two months.(ⅹ ) 但可以說: He has kept the book for 2 months. 或: It has been 2 months since he borrowed the book. 或: Two months has passed since he borrowed the book. 這些瞬間動詞常與它對應(yīng)的可以表示時間段的詞語進行互換。 bee— be borrow— keep buy— have begin (start)— be on open— be open die— be dead leavebe away ebe here/in go out— be out joinbe a member/be in begin to studystudy 注明:非延續(xù)性動詞在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中可用于現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài):I haven’t bought anything for two days. 動詞的過去分詞的規(guī)則變化,在動詞后加 ed,規(guī)則變化有以下四種: ①原形 +ed 如: worked, passed ② 詞尾是 e時,直接加 d 如: liked lived ③ 若詞尾為“輔音字母加 y”,則改 y為 i加 ed。詞尾 為“元音字母 +y”時,直接加 d;如 : played stayed studied cried ④ 末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)是,雙寫最后一個輔音字母加 ed. 如: stopped dropped 動詞的過去分詞的規(guī)則變化 不規(guī)則動詞的過去式以及過去分詞 巧記規(guī)律 AAA: put– put –put let—let –let ABA: bee—became—bee ABB: stand—stood—stood ABC: eat— ate—eaten AAA costcostcost readreadread putputput cutcutcut letletlet setsetset beatbeatbeat hithithit hurthurthurt spitspitspit ridridrid 一、原形、過去式和過去分詞的詞形和讀音都相同的單詞,結(jié)尾字母一般是 t或 d。 特殊:動詞 read的過去式和過去分詞雖然詞形與原形一致, readreadread,但發(fā)音分別是[ri:d][red][red]。 有些動詞的過去分詞與原形是一樣的 : runranrun ecamee beebecamebee overeovercameovere ABA 原型 過去式 過去分詞 例詞 eep ept ept keep,sweep,sleep ell old old sell,tell d t t lend,spend,send,build ay aid aid say,pay,lay n nt nt burn,learn,mean ee e e meet,feed ought ought bring,buy,fight