外文翻譯-軟件工程(已改無錯字)
2023-07-06 05:29:11 本頁面
【正文】 ject to environmental constraints. Software development process Software development process, with the subsequent development of technology evolution and improvement. From the early waterfall (Waterfall) development model to the subsequent emergence of the spiral iterative (Spiral) development, which recently began the rise of agile development methodologies (Agile), they showed a different era in the development process for software industry different awareness and understanding of different types of projects for the method. Note distinction between software development process and software process improvement important difference between. Such as ISO 15504, ISO 9000, CMM, CMMI such terms are elaborated in the framework of software process improvement, they provide a series of standards and policies to guide software organizations how to improve the quality of the software development process, the ability of software organizations, and not give a specific definition of the development process. Development of software engineering Agile Development (Agile Development) is considered an important software engineering development. It stressed that software development should be able to possible future changes and uncertainties of a prehensive response. Agile development is considered a lightweight approach. In the lightweight approach should be the most prestigious Extreme Programming (Extreme Programming, referred to as XP). Correspond with the lightweight approach is the heavyweight method exists. Heavyweight approach emphasizes the development process as the center, rather than peoplecentered. Examples of methods such as heavyweight CMM / PSP / TSP. Aspectoriented programming (Aspect Oriented Programming, referred to as the AOP) is considered to software engineering in recent years, another important development. This aspect refers to the pletion of a function of a collection of objects and functions. In this regard the contents related to generic programming (Generic Programming) and templates. 軟件工程 From: 軟件工程 是一門研究用工程化方法構(gòu)建和維護有效的、實用的和高質(zhì)量的 軟件 的學科。它涉及到 程序設(shè)計語言 、 數(shù)據(jù)庫 、 軟件開發(fā)工具 、 系統(tǒng)平臺 、標準、設(shè)計模式 等方面。 在現(xiàn)代社會中，軟件應用于多個方面。典型的軟件比如有 電子郵件 、 嵌入式系統(tǒng) 、 人機界面 、 辦公包 、 操作系統(tǒng) 、 編譯器 、 數(shù)據(jù)庫 、 游戲 等。同時，各個行業(yè)幾乎都有計算機 軟件的應用，比如 工業(yè) 、 農(nóng)業(yè) 、 銀行 、 航空 、 政府 部門等。這些應用促進了經(jīng)濟和社會的發(fā)展，提高人們的工作效率，同時提升了生活質(zhì)量。 軟件工程師 是對應用軟件創(chuàng)造軟件的人們的統(tǒng)稱，軟件工程師按照所處的領(lǐng)域不同可以分為 系統(tǒng)分析員 、 軟件設(shè)計師 、 系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)師 、 程序員 、 測試員 等等。人們也常常用程序員來泛指各種軟件工程師。 由來 鑒于軟件開發(fā)時所遭遇困境， 北大西洋公約組織 （ NATO）在 1968 年 舉辦了首次軟件工程學術(shù)會議，并于會中提出“軟件工程”來界定軟件開發(fā)所需相關(guān)知識，并建議“軟件開發(fā)應該是類似工程的活動”。軟件工程自 1968 年正式提出至今，這段時間累積了大量的 研究 成果，廣泛地進行大量的技術(shù)實踐，借由 學術(shù)界 和產(chǎn)業(yè)界的共同努力，軟件工程正逐漸發(fā)展成為一門專業(yè) 學科 。 定義 創(chuàng)立與 使用健全的工程原則，以便經(jīng)濟地獲得可靠且高效率的軟件 . 應用系統(tǒng)化，遵從原則，可被計量的方法來發(fā)展、操作及維護軟件；也就是把工程應用到軟件上。 與開發(fā)、管理及更新軟件產(chǎn)品有關(guān)的理論、方法及工具。 一種知識或?qū)W科（ discipline），目標是生產(chǎn)品質(zhì)良好、準時交貨、符合預算，并滿足用戶所需的軟件。 實際
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