【正文】 ne from the personal services of shareholders, are required to use the calendaryear basis for tax purposes. Most other corporations can choose whichever basis provides them with the most tax benefits. Using a fiscalyear basis to stagger the corporate tax year and the personal one can provide several advantages. For example, many corporations choose to end their fiscal year on January 31 and give their shareholder/employees bonuses at that time. The bonuses are still tax deductible for the corporation, while the individual shareholders enjoy use of that money without owing taxes on it until April 15 of the following year. Both the owners and employees of C corporations receive salaries for their work, and the corporation must withhold taxes on the wages paid. All such salaries are tax deductible for the corporations, as are fringe benefits supplied to employees. Many smaller corporations can arrange to pay out all corporate ine in salaries and benefits, leaving no ine subject to the corporate ine tax. Of course, the individual shareholder/employees are required to pay personal ine taxes. Still, corporations can use tax planning strategies to defer or accrue ine between the corporation and individuals in order to pay taxes in the lowest possible tax bracket. The one major disadvantage to corporate taxation is that corporate ine is subject to corporate taxes, and then ine distributions to shareholders in the form of dividends are also taxable for the shareholders. This situation is known as double taxation. S CORPORATIONS. Subchapter S corporations avoid the problem of double taxation by passing their earnings (or losses) through directly to shareholders, without having to pay dividends. Experts note that it is often preferable for tax planning purposes to begin a new business as an S corporation rather than a C corporation. Many businesses show a loss for a year or more when they first begin operations. At the same time, individual owners often cash out investments and sell assets in order to accumulate the funds needed to start the business. The owners would have to pay tax on this ine unless the corporate losses were passed through to offset it. Another tax planning strategy available to shareholder/employees of S corporations involves keeping FICA taxes low by setting modest salaries for themselves, below the Social Security base. S corporation shareholder/employees are only required to pay FICA taxes on the ine that they receive as salaries, not on ine that they receive as dividends or on earnings that are retained in the corporation. It is important to note, however, that unreasonably low salaries may be challenged by the IRS. Conclusion Along with market economy39。s development, the business economic presented the multiplication, multichannel, the cover breadth, involves the scope broad tendency, the tax affairs prepares mainly through the reduction tax base, to be suitable the low tax rate, belongs to the enterprise obtained tax year reasonably, delays the tax payment deadline, implements the tax burden to pass the burden, then achieves lowers the entire enterprise39。s tax burden level. May divide into the fund raising, the investment, the earnings assignment from financial control39。s angle and so on many domain preparations. The enterprise fund raising has two ways: Rights and interests fund raising and debt fund raising. The former risk is small, but the fund raising cost is high, the latter fund raising risk is big, but the interest cost may in tax front row and the interest rate is opposite in the shareholder reward is low, its cost is also low. Compares says, the debt fund raising has the tax saving function. Before the tax, the profit is calculates the due payment ine tax amount the main basis, the operating profit and the enterprise do business accounting process direct related, our country tax law has provided the choice different method opportunity to the enterprise, this also carried on the tax revenue preparation for the enterprise to provide the possibility. Before like depreciation method choice, intangible asset, deferred assets processing, tax, profit reconciliation item consideration and so on. The enterprise carries on the tax revenue preparation, the ultimate objective is to realize the legitimate tax saving to additionally receive, raises the economic efficiency. But the enterprise in carries on the process which the tax revenue preparation and will prepare to put into practice, also will have all sorts of costs, thus enterprise when will carry on the tax revenue preparation, must first carries on the contrast to the expected ine and the cost, when the prospective return will be bigger than its cost, the preparation plan can put into practice, will otherwise meet the gain does not equal the loss. If is only to keep up with the times, follow the crowd pursues the tax affairs to prepare constantly, prepares for the preparation, does not follow the cost benefit principle, does not conform to the market economy rule. In brief the tax affairs preparation is one item must consider prehensively, the thorough arrangement and the arrangement work, should achieve prepares, in the matter to arrange, to summarize afterward beforehand, serves the purpose finally. Dailey, Frederick W. Tax Savvy for Small Business. 2nd ed. Berkeley, CA: Nolo Press, 1997. DeJong, David S., and