【正文】 by brothers.（3）What can be learned from the passage? A.Most little babies are born shy and quiet.B.If you are shy now, you will be shy forever.C.Many shy children have older brothers and sisters.D.Most Israeli people are shy of expressing opinions.（4）We can learn from the passage that may cause shyness. A.genetics, grownups and birthplaceB.genetics, family size and birthplaceC.family size, grownups and failureD.genetics, family size and freedom（5）Scientists suggest that shy people can get over the shyness by . A.blaming their failure on outside reasonsB.trying new things and practicing conversationsC.getting themselves away from their shy parentsD.trying to understand reasons for their shyness【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）C（4）B（5）B 【解析】【分析】短文大意：這篇短文講的是世界上很多人會(huì)靦腆，人們靦腆的表現(xiàn)及人們靦腆的原因和不同的國(guó)家的人對(duì)于靦腆的理解，和怎樣克服靦腆的狀態(tài)。 （1）主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主題句They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy. 可知這篇短文講的是靦腆，故選B。 （2）詞意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù) Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness isgenetic. 有趣的是，這些害羞的孩子們通常有靦腆的父母。結(jié)果，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為一些靦腆是遺傳的。genetic是遺傳的意思，故選A。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters. 哈佛大學(xué)的科學(xué)家研究了靦腆的孩子們。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)66%的靦腆的孩子們有哥哥或姐姐。故選C。 （4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) As a result, scientists think that some shyness isgenetic. Family size might cause people to be shy as well. You may also be shy because of where you were born. 可知引起靦腆的原因是基因遺傳、家庭的大小和出生地引起的。故選B。 （5）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing 。他們建議常識(shí)新事物并且練習(xí)交流。故選B。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查閱讀理解。 首先理解問(wèn)題，然后帶著問(wèn)題快速閱讀短文，找出與問(wèn)題有關(guān)的句子，并理解大意，最后仔細(xì)斟酌，找出答案，并核對(duì)。11．閱讀理解 When you are feeling unhappy or forget how great you are, there are six ways to make you feel good about yourself. ⑴Look in the mirror and say to yourself, I am a special person and there39。s no one in the world like me. I can do anything! It may not sound so good, but it really works! ⑵Do something nice for someone. Helping others always makes you feel good. ⑶Smile! Be friendly to people you meet. Look for the good things in your friends and family. ⑷Learn something new! Have you always wanted to decorate your own room or learn how to swim? Go for it! New challenges（挑戰(zhàn)）are fun and give you a sense of acplishment when you have finished. ⑸Read and start a diary. Turn off the TV and let your imagination（想象）fly! Write down your thoughts, dreams or anything you want! Writing always helps to express your feelings. ⑹Stay with your family. We all need our family time. Talk with your Mum or Dad or maybe even your cousin. （1）This passage may be taken from . A.a science bookB.a story bookC.a magazineD.school rules（2）What do the underlined words a sense of acplishment mean？ A.成就感B.憂傷感C.挫折感D.信任感（3）Which of the following should you say No to when you are unhappy? A.You should always look for the good things of others.B.Stay alone at home as much as possible.C.Learn something new and go for it!D.Keep a diary to express your feelings.【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）B 【解析】【分析】短文大意：這篇短文講的是當(dāng)你不開(kāi)心或你多偉大時(shí)，讓你感覺(jué)很好的幾個(gè)建議。照鏡子說(shuō)自己是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。為別人做好事，微笑，讀寫日記，和家人在一起。 （1）文章出處題。這篇文章將的是怎樣是自己有好心情，可知文章出自某個(gè)情感雜志。故選C。 （2）詞意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)New challenges（挑戰(zhàn)）are fun and give youa sense of acplishmentwhen you have finished.新的挑戰(zhàn)很有趣，當(dāng)你完成時(shí)會(huì)給你一種成就感。根據(jù)when you have ，你就會(huì)有成就感?？芍猘 sense of acplishment成就感，故選A。 ???????（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù) Stay with your family. We all need our family time. Talk with your Mum or Dad or maybe even your cousin. 可知當(dāng)我們感到不高興時(shí)我們要和家人在一起，不能獨(dú)處。故選B。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查閱讀理解。對(duì)于文章詞出處題。要根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容，進(jìn)行判斷。對(duì)于詞意猜測(cè)題。需要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地理解上下文，要根據(jù)常識(shí)，上下文等線索確定詞義。對(duì)于細(xì)節(jié)理解題。要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，在文章中找到和問(wèn)題相關(guān)的句子，選出正確答案。12．閱讀理解 What! You too? I thought I was the only one. Have you ever said this to someone? If so, you may have ended up being friends with this person. It seemed that similarity often helps form friendships. The Greek philosopher（哲學(xué)家） Aristotle once said, Some define（下定義） friendship as a matter of similarity. They say that we love those who are like ourselves. Now, there is some science behind this idea. Scientists from University of California said friends have similar brains, Scientific American reported. The scientists invited 42 university students to take part in an experiment. Each student watched the same set of videos, which included a edy, a discussion and a soccer match. Meanwhile, scientists studied their brains and recorded their brain activity. According to their study, friends who watched the same video clips reacted in similar ways. Similar parts of their brains lit up while watching the videos, especially parts that were connected with motivation（動(dòng)力）， learning and memory. However, people who weren39。t friends had different reactions to the same clips. Having close friends whose brains react like ours may be rewarding because it makes one39。s won values, opinions, and interests strength, scientist Carolyn Parkinson told Business Insider. But brain similarity is not the only thing that can result in friendship. Scientists from the University of Leipzig, Germany, found that friendship is also based on how physically close you are to someone. They did an experiment with firstyear college students who met in class for the first time. In this experiment, students who sat in neighbouring seats were more likely to bee friends.（1）What does this idea in Paragraph 3 refer to? A.Many friendships start with small chats.B.Friends try to develop similarities between themselves.C.People with sim