【正文】 with 104participants and Goldfish crackers（餅干）, this time negotiating an airline39。s route prices. The results were much the same, with the foodsharers negotiating successfully 63. 3%of the time and those who did not share doing so 42. 9%of the time. （1）What does the familystyle meal in the report refer to？ A.A meal taken at home.B.A meal shared with others.C.A meal consumed by oneself.D.A meal taken in a family atmosphere.（2）For what purpose did the researchers carry out the present experiments? A.To show the way food is served.B.To prove sharing food increases petition.C.To confirm sharing food can promote cooperation.D.To find out whether sharing food can get people close emotionally.（3）Why were participants asked to eat up the snack before the game? A.To add to their energy.B.To reward them for their participation.C.To hide the intention of the experiment.D.To avoid the distraction during the game.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了外交宴席的心理學(xué)，研究表明，從中間菜采取的“家庭式”餐，可以大大改善后續(xù)談判的結(jié)果。 （1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“They theorized that, on the one hand, sharing food with other people might indicate food scarcity（短缺）and increase a feeling of petition. However, they also reasoned that it could instead lead people to bee more aware of others39。 needs and drive cooperative behavior as a result.”他們形成了一套理論，認(rèn)為一方面，與他人一起吃飯可能表明糧食短缺，并加強(qiáng)了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的概念。然而，他們還推斷，這種方式可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們更加了解他人的需求，從而推動(dòng)合作性的行為?？芍猣amilystyle指的是與別人一起用餐，故選B。 （2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“However, they also reasoned that it could instead lead people to bee more aware of others39。 needs and drive cooperative behavior as a result. Curious to find out, they did a series of experiments.”然而，他們還推斷，這種方式可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們更加了解他人的需求，從而推動(dòng)合作性的行為。 出于好奇心，他們做了一系列實(shí)驗(yàn)?？芍xC。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“As a cover for the experiment, all participants were told this snack was to be consumed before the game began.”作為實(shí)驗(yàn)的掩護(hù)，所有受試者都得告在游戲開始前就要吃完這些零食。可知選C。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并結(jié)合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。6．犇犇Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. Being able to land safely is a critically important skill for all flying animals. Comparatively speaking, ground living animals face no particular challenge when they need to stop running or crawling, while flying animals move at much higher speed, and they must be careful about how they land. Hitting the ground, or even water, at full flight speed would be quite dangerous. Before touching down, they must decrease their speed in order to land safely. Both bats and birds have mastered the skill of landing, but these two types of flyers go about it quite differently. In the past it was believed that, in terms of flying mechanics, there was little difference between bats and birds. This belief was based only on assumption, however, because for years nobody had actually studied in detail how bats move their wings. In recent years, though, researchers have discovered a number of interesting facts about bat flight. Bats are built differently from birds, and their wings are made up of both their front and hind limbs (肢體). This makes coordinating (協(xié)調(diào)) their limbs more difficult for bats and, as a result, they are not very good at flying over longer distances. However, they are much better at the ability to adjust themselves: a bat can quickly change its direction of flight or pletely reverse it, something a bird cannot easily do. Another interesting characteristic of bat flight is the way in which bats landupside down! Unlike birds which touch down on the ground or on tree branches, bats can be observed flying around and then suddenly hanging upside down from an object overhead. One downside to this landing routine is that the bats often land with some force, which probably causes pain. However, not all bats hit their landing spots with the same speed and force。 these will vary depending on the area where a bat species makes its home. For example, a cave bat, which regularly lives on a hard stone ceiling, is more careful about its landing preparation than a bat more accustomed to landing in leafy treetops.（1）Which of the following is the topic of the passage? A.Places where flying animals choose to land.B.Why scientists have difficulty observing bats.C.Differences in the eating habits of bats and birds.D.Ways in which bats move differently from birds.（2）Which of the following is a false assumption about bats that was recently corrected? A.They cannot hear any sound.B.They sleep upside down.C.They fly similarly to birds.D.They hide in tree branches.（3）The word it (in 2nd paragraph) probably refers to ______. A.the distance to the netsB.the sense of flying heightC.the flying directionD.the ability to change the speed（4）According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A.Bats might hurt themselves when landing.B.Bats can hang upside down like birds.C.Bats can adjust speed before landing.D.Bats and birds land in different ways.【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，作者用研究事實(shí)來(lái)證明蝙蝠在飛行及運(yùn)動(dòng)方式與鳥類完全不同。以前人們認(rèn)為蝙蝠和鳥類在運(yùn)動(dòng)方面沒有什么區(qū)別，但現(xiàn)在的研究證明蝙蝠的構(gòu)造不同于鳥類，它們的翅膀由前肢和后肢組成，它們自我調(diào)節(jié)能力好，可迅速改變飛行方向，或完全逆行，這是鳥類不容易做到的，而且蝙蝠飛行的另一個(gè)有趣特征是蝙蝠倒立著降落的！這不同于那些降落在地上或樹枝上的鳥。 （1）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的Both bats and birds have mastered the skill of landing, but these two types of flyers go about it quite differently.提出了蝙蝠與鳥的降落方式及飛行的不同。第二段用研究證明過(guò)去認(rèn)為蝙蝠和鳥類在飛行運(yùn)動(dòng)方面沒有什