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熱能與動(dòng)力工程專業(yè)英語-閱讀頁

2024-10-25 10:36本頁面
  

【正文】 efrigerator,the humidifier,the pressure cooker,the water heater,the iron,and even the puter,and the a large scale,thermodynamics plays a major part in the design and analysis of automotive engines,rockets,jet engine,and conventional or nuclear power plans,solar collectors,and the design of vehicle form ordinary cars to :isolated systems:not exchangeing heat,matter or work with their :exchanging energy(heat and work)and matter with their :exchangeing energy(heat and work)but not matter with their :rigid boundary :not allowing exchange of :The mechanism in this case is electromagnetic shall limit our discussion to electromagnetic radiation which is propagated as a result of a temperature difference。it may be used to predict the amount of energy required to change a system from one equilibrium state to another。定容積系統(tǒng) An Open system(or a control volume 控制體積)is a properly selected region in mass and energy can cross the boundary of a control as, A Water heater, a turbine and apressor, etc:系統(tǒng)與外界只有能量(功量、熱量)的交換而無質(zhì)量交換。Adiabatic system is that no heat cross the boundary or heat is negligible pared with work cross the boundary:系統(tǒng)與外界既無能量交換又無質(zhì)量交換,即系統(tǒng)與環(huán)境不發(fā)生任何作用。The first explicit statement of the first law of thermodynamics:“In all cases in which work is produced by the agency of heat, a quantity of heat is consumed which is proportional to the work done。Second law of thermodynamics: Impossible to heat from low temperature to high temperature object object does not produce other effects。irreversible thermodynamic entropy in the process of the incremental volume is always greater than :鍋爐利用熱量使水轉(zhuǎn)變成蒸汽以進(jìn)行各種利用。Steam Turbine is the impeller rotating prime moverthatthe thermal energy of the steam is converted to mechanical energy。The economizer(Name Economizer)is the rear of the boiler flue of the boiler feed water is heated into steam drum pressure saturated water heating surface。The air preheater through the fins of the internal heating surface will enter the air is preheated to a certaintemperature in the boiler before the flue gas in the rear of the boiler :蒸汽在動(dòng)葉柵中的等熵焓降與級(jí)的等熵焓降之比The degree of reaction is steam Rotor Cascade isentropic enthalpy drop class isentropic enthalpy drop :某一瞬間熱力系所呈現(xiàn)的宏觀狀況State: it reveals the physical condition of a :描述系統(tǒng)宏觀物理狀況的物理量,簡稱參數(shù)Properties are used todepictanycharacteristic of a :單位質(zhì)量的物質(zhì)所占有的體積,用v表示。If two bodies are in thermal equilibrium with a third body, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each :所謂平衡狀態(tài)就是指在沒有外界影響的情況下,系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)不隨時(shí)間而發(fā)生變化。A system is said to have undergone a cycle if it returns to its initial state at the end of the process turbine cylinder(汽輪機(jī)汽缸)isessentialapressurevesselwithit’sweightsupportedateachend (Definition)系統(tǒng)就是指被選做研究對象的物體或空間。關(guān)鍵詞能源 熱能與動(dòng)力工程專業(yè) 就業(yè)正文馬克思曾經(jīng)說過“世界是物質(zhì)的,物質(zhì)是運(yùn)動(dòng)的”,我們可以由此看到,世界上一切客觀事物的存在,都離不開能源。18世紀(jì)以前的人們知道用火取暖,加熱食物,驅(qū)趕野獸,從而得以進(jìn)化,那時(shí),對能源的利用還比較低等,需求也不是特別大,并沒有動(dòng)力推動(dòng)對能源的開發(fā)和利用,我們稱之為“柴草時(shí)期”。1769年,瓦特發(fā)明蒸汽機(jī),煤炭作為蒸汽機(jī)的動(dòng)力之源而受到關(guān)注。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)之后,在美國、中東、北非等地區(qū)相繼發(fā)現(xiàn)了大型油田及伴生的天然氣資源,由于每噸原油產(chǎn)生的熱量是煤的兩倍。世界各國紛紛投資石油的勘探和煉制,新技術(shù)和新工藝不斷涌現(xiàn),石油產(chǎn)品的成本大幅度降低,發(fā)達(dá)國家的石油消費(fèi)量猛增。而今,進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)已有8年,我們又進(jìn)入了一個(gè)新的能源時(shí)代:新能源時(shí)代。有些新能源也已經(jīng)有實(shí)驗(yàn)室走進(jìn)了人們的家中。我有幸考入北京科技大學(xué)機(jī)械工程學(xué)院,從而得到了選擇熱能與動(dòng)力工程專業(yè)的機(jī)會(huì)。擁有熱能工程、工程熱物理、制冷及低溫工程、流體機(jī)械與工程、動(dòng)力機(jī)械與工程、化工過程機(jī)械6個(gè)主要學(xué)科,博士一級(jí)學(xué)科點(diǎn)一個(gè)、二級(jí)學(xué)科點(diǎn)六個(gè)、博士后流動(dòng)站一個(gè)以及國家與北京市重點(diǎn)學(xué)科,可以授予從工學(xué)學(xué)士到博士的一系列學(xué)位。從國家角度,中國依然沒有統(tǒng)一,存在著些許歷史遺留問題,需要許許多多的我們付出努力使之強(qiáng)大起來。2007年,全國本科畢業(yè)生達(dá)到480萬,崗位缺口1200萬,這一數(shù)字已經(jīng)逐年增增長,并將在一定時(shí)期內(nèi)持續(xù)增長下去。我們可以看到,目前就業(yè)壓力日益嚴(yán)重,如何找到符合自己興趣,適應(yīng)就業(yè)趨勢的專業(yè)已經(jīng)成了廣大準(zhǔn)畢業(yè)生的當(dāng)務(wù)之急。時(shí)至今日,這種論斷不僅沒有實(shí)現(xiàn),反而恰恰相反,國內(nèi)的機(jī)械生產(chǎn)水平得到了空前的提高,對專業(yè)對口畢業(yè)生的需求也有增無減,可以預(yù)見的是,本專業(yè)的畢業(yè)生會(huì)在節(jié)能、制冷、動(dòng)力、環(huán)保領(lǐng)域的設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)、制造生產(chǎn)、運(yùn)行管理、科研教學(xué)等方面大有作為。第四篇:熱能與動(dòng)力工程熱能與動(dòng)力工程(熱能動(dòng)力設(shè)備與應(yīng)用)培養(yǎng)目標(biāo):培養(yǎng)適應(yīng)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)需要的,在熱能工程方面獲得工程師基本訓(xùn)練的工程技術(shù)人才。掌握熱能釋放、轉(zhuǎn)換、傳遞和節(jié)能技術(shù)知識(shí),合理有效利用能源以及熱工過程和熱力系統(tǒng)的動(dòng)態(tài)分析、自動(dòng)控制、熱工設(shè)備及系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化分析、運(yùn)行管理和技術(shù)改造知識(shí)。主要課程:高中起點(diǎn)專科:高等數(shù)學(xué)、英語、機(jī)械制圖、電工學(xué)、線性代數(shù)、工程力學(xué)、工程流體力學(xué)、泵與風(fēng)機(jī)、鍋爐原理、傳熱學(xué)、汽輪機(jī)原理、熱力系統(tǒng)。學(xué)制: 本科授予學(xué)位:工學(xué)學(xué)士第五篇:熱能與動(dòng)力工程熱能工程、工程熱物理、低溫工程及制冷技術(shù):單位:鋼鐵廠,冶金爐設(shè)計(jì)院。、蒸汽輪機(jī)方面:單位:發(fā)電廠,鍋爐制造廠。:單位:設(shè)計(jì)院、汽車廠。
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