【正文】 e whole country. Other than unfair tax regulations, the ways the king ruled the country and constant wars with England worsened the financial problems. Because Louis XIV tried to weaken the power of the noble, he asked the noble to donate money to construct the Palace and Park of Versailles, and asked the noble to participate in the feast every night. Those parties forced the noble to spend lots of money on the expensive clothes. In addition, the French took part in many overseas wars with England. However, the French always lost. The only xiv victory was when they helped the Americans to be independent. The expenses on entertainment and wars caused the French finance to face the risks of going bankrupt. The Comparison between the Social and Economic Background of Paris and London The parison between the life in Paris and that in London is another theme in the story. Since “the Glorious Revolution” in England in 1688, the congress had mastered the highest right dominion. Therefore, the system of the politics became more democratic than other countries. However, the classes were very clear in France. The first and second classes such as the king and the noble exploited the third class. The government tried in vain to revolve the unfairness. Therefore, London was like a heaven and Paris was like a hell (6). To sum up, the French Revolution was caused by the financial problems and conflicts brought by the old, unfair system in the society. Dickens used the two cities, Paris and London, showing readers a strong contrast between these problems and conflicts. In addition, the class hatred played an important role in the Revolution. Dickens used the true background in the France, the fictitious characters and plots to portray the trauma that people suffered and extravagance of the noble, hoping that the government could pay attention to the serious contradiction (7). xv Chapter II Character Analysis Readers of Dickens have often noticed that his most memorable characters tend to be the eccentrics, the oddballs in his works. In A Tale of Two Cities there are few of these: Miss Pross and Jerry Cruncher are the two most notable. The pushing, shouldering Strivers is there as a foil。 they framed Mr. Mate in the Bastille Prison. Luckily, Mr. Mate was saved and lived a happy life in London with his daughter, Lucy. According to the description of the time he just played: “he had a white beard, raggedly cut, but not very long, a hollow face, and exceedingly bright eyes. The hollowness and thinness of his face would have caused them to look large, under his yet dark eyebrows and his confused white hair, though they had been really otherwise。 he decided to five Darnay and loved him from the bottom of his heart. It meant that Dr. xviii Mate had already laid down his hatred to the Evremonde. Dickens used this character to tell the readers the power of love and fiveness. Lucy Mate, later Darnay Lucy is Dr. Mate’s daughter and Darnay’s wife. Lucy was so sweet that everyone would be melted by her smile and personality. Lucy played a crucial part in the story. When Dr. Mate was rescued from the Bastille, Lucy took good care of her father with all her heart. With her care, Dr. Mate turned from a crazy, silent and indifferent old man into a beloved and supportive father. Also, Lucy had a kind heart. Even in the hard times, she did not change her personality. Besides, when she learned that her husband was caught by the revolutionists, she was so brave as to bring her children to France to save her husband. She was not only a sweet and beautiful girl, but also a persevered and determined woman when facing difficulties. She is still a woman of great passion. Even when she is as a witness to testify in court. She showed her passion and carefulness. “the prisoner was as open in his confidence with me—which arose out of my helpless situation—as he was kind, and good, and useful to my father, I hope,” bursting into tears, “I may not repay him by doing him harm today.” xix Charles Darnay Darnay was the last descendant in the Evremondes. Darnay’s uncle was an extravagant noble, the Marquis St. Evremonde, who was killed by the revolutionists. Darnay understood that his family did so much wrongdoing that “Evremonde” was the disgusted surname in France. Darnay was very guilty because he did not try his best to stop his family from exploiting the others. In order to stop the nightmare, Darnay left Paris to London, where he started a new life, and supported himself by his own labor. On one hand, he could not change his family’s history of exploiting the poor and abusing Mrs. Defarge’s family. That is way he rejected being an Evremonde because he felt sorry for what his family had done and what he should have done. On the other hand, Darnay had a sense of responsibility and sympathy. In order to save his steward, Darnay ventured on going back to France. Unfortunately, Darnay was arrested by the revolutionists. Though he had refused the Evremonde’s identity, he had to suffer from what his family had done. “Darnay’s willingness to atone for his family’s wrongs and to work for a living demonstration that eventually something good can e out of evil, a point that Dickens emphasizes (8).” From the conversation between Darnay and his uncle, I imply that he was a upright man. “we have so asserted our station, both in the old time and in the modern time also.” Said the nephew, gloomily, “that I believe our name to be more detested than any name in France.” xx What’s more, he was a educated man. The novel had talked about that “Mr. Charles Darnay was established in England as a higher teacher of the French literature.” “in London, he had expected neither to walk on pavements of gold, nor to lie on beds of rose