【正文】 Txy計(jì)算截面 OP39。 大壩垂直應(yīng)力滿足要求 由《混凝土重力壩設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》 SL319— 2021 可知： 重力壩壩基面： 運(yùn)用期： 要求上游面垂直正應(yīng)力不小于 0，下游面垂直正應(yīng)力應(yīng)小于壩基容許壓應(yīng)力=4000Kpa。 施工期：壩體任何截面上的主壓應(yīng)力應(yīng)不大于混凝土的允許壓應(yīng)力，下游面可允許有不大于 （ 200Kpa）的主拉應(yīng)力。 洪水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的確定 洪水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的確定：本次設(shè)計(jì)的重力壩是Ⅲ級(jí)建筑物，根據(jù) GB50201— 94 表 ，采用 50 年一遇的洪水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)計(jì)， 500 年一遇的洪水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)校核。 單寬流量的選擇 壩址處基礎(chǔ)節(jié)理裂隙發(fā)育，巖石軟弱，綜合樞紐的布置及下游的消能防沖要求，單寬流量取 20 m3/（ ）。 溢流壩段總長(zhǎng)度的確定 溢流壩段總長(zhǎng)度（溢流孔口的總寬度）的確定：根據(jù)工程經(jīng)驗(yàn)，擬定閘墩的厚度。計(jì)算公式如下： 3 / 22swQ C m B g H??? 3w2s/。5455sQ m sBmC?????????????流 量 ，堰 流 堰 凈 寬 ， m。 閘門高度的確定 門高 =正常高水位－堰頂高程 +安全超高 =－ +=（ m） 則按規(guī)范取門高 。 計(jì)算成果匯總?cè)缦卤恚? 表 泄流能力校核 計(jì)算情況 m ? B (m) H (m) Q (m3/s) Q` (m3/s) 39。 5%Q? ?的要求，則符合規(guī)范設(shè)計(jì)的孔口要求。39。 0 .8 5 5 1 6 1 7 .2 3 7 0 0 7 8 .5 5 .8 5 1 1 2 61 6 8 8 9 .8 5f W c AKP? ? ? ?? ? ??? 堰頂高程882 .47600010000壩軸線4100校核水位 892 .33R32000851832河床高程 848 .2（ 2）設(shè)計(jì)洪水情況 ∑ W= KN ∑ P= KN 39。39。39。 0 .8 5 5 4 4 4 0 .7 7 7 0 0 7 8 .5 5 .9 3 2 81 7 0 6 1 .8 5f W c AKP? ? ? ?? ? ??? 故溢流壩段抗滑穩(wěn)定滿足設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范要求。消能設(shè)計(jì)的原則是：消能效果好，結(jié)構(gòu)可靠，防止空蝕和磨損，以保證壩體和有關(guān)建筑物的安全。 洪水標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 和相關(guān)參數(shù) 的 選 定 本次設(shè)計(jì)的重力壩是 3 級(jí)水工建筑物，根據(jù) SL252— 2021 表 ，消能防沖設(shè)計(jì)采用按 50 年洪水重現(xiàn)期標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)已建工程經(jīng)驗(yàn)，挑射 ? =20176。 計(jì)算公式： 水舌拋距計(jì)算公式： ])(2s i nc osc oss i n[1 21221121 hhgvvvgL ???? ???? L：水舌拋距 1v ： 差）為 水 庫(kù) 水位至坎 頂 的落Ho（ 頂 水面流速， 01 gHvv ???坎 ? ：鼻坎的挑角 1h ： 為 坎 頂 平均水深）h（ c os 坎 頂頂 垂直方向水深 1 ，?hh ? 2h ：坎頂至河床面的高差 ? ：堰面流量系數(shù) ，取 ； 1 c o s 0 .2 8 1 c o s 2 0 0 .2 7h h m?? ? ? ? 2 851 .0 848 .2 ??? 將這些數(shù)據(jù)代入水舌拋距的公式得： 2 2 21 [ 5 si n 20 c os 20 [ 5 c os 20 5 si n 20 2 9. 81 ( 1 ) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 最大沖坑水墊厚度及最大沖坑厚度 最大沖坑水墊厚度公式： Hkqtk ? kt ：水墊厚度，自水面算至坑底。 最大沖坑厚度估算： 39。 16 .92 14 .12 ( )ktm? ? ? 圖 沖坑厚度圖示 為了保證大壩的安全，挑距應(yīng)有足夠的的長(zhǎng)度。 39。 故，其 消能防沖設(shè)計(jì)符合規(guī)范設(shè)計(jì)要求。 孔徑 D 的擬定 孔徑 D 的擬定可依據(jù)下式： pQD v? 式中： Q— 每個(gè)發(fā)電孔引取的流量， m3/s vp— 孔內(nèi)的允許流速， m/s，對(duì)于發(fā)電孔 vp=~。工程中常采用橢圓曲線活著圓弧形的三向收縮矩形進(jìn)水口 橢圓方程為： 22221yxab?? 式中 a— 橢圓長(zhǎng)半軸，圓形進(jìn)口時(shí)， a 為圓孔直徑：矩形進(jìn)口時(shí)，頂面曲線 a 為孔高 h，側(cè)面曲線 a 為孔寬 B； 37 b— 橢圓短半軸，圓形進(jìn)口時(shí)， b=；矩形進(jìn)口時(shí)，頂面曲線 b=（ 1/3~1/4） a 對(duì)于重要工程的進(jìn)水口曲線應(yīng)通過(guò)水工模型試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行修改。 漸寬段 有壓泄水孔控申斷面為圓形，進(jìn)水口閘門為矩形，在進(jìn)口閘門之后需設(shè)置漸寬段，以保持水流平順。 出水口 有壓泄水孔的出口控制著整個(gè)泄水孔的內(nèi) 水壓力情況，為了避免空蝕破壞，講出口縮小以增加孔內(nèi)壓力，常采用壓坡段，根據(jù)規(guī)范，取出口斷面面積為孔身斷面面積的 90% 可知出水口斷面面積 A= 通氣孔和平壓管 平壓管是埋在壩體內(nèi)部、平衡檢修閘門兩側(cè)誰(shuí)呀以減小啟門力的輸水管道。平壓管的直徑應(yīng)根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)充水時(shí)間（一般不超過(guò) 8h）確定。t agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you ? your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly. For more information about dismissal and unfair dismissal, see Dismissal. You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haven39。t charge you more than 35% of your pensation if you win the case. If you are thinking about signing up for a damagesbased agreement, you should make sure you39。s antiracism taskforce, is in London for the Football Association39。s Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday. I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport. For me it39。s 21 win. 2 Michel Platini, president of European football39。s actions. CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toure39。 May be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. Always feel oneself should go to do something, or write something. Twenty years of life trajectory deeply shallow, suddenly feel something, do it. 一字開(kāi)頭的年齡已經(jīng)到了尾聲?？傆X(jué)得自己自 己似乎應(yīng)該去做點(diǎn)什么，或者寫(xiě)點(diǎn)什么。 The end of our life, and can meet many things really do? 而窮盡我們的一生，又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可？ During my childhood, think lucky money and new clothes are necessary for New Year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional。t really grow up, it seems is not so important。t want to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children of the feelings in a period, but was eventually infarction when graduation party in the throat, later again stood on the pitch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already can39。 Originally, this world, can produce a chemical reaction to an event, in addition to resolutely, have to do, and time. 原來(lái)，這個(gè)世界上，對(duì)某個(gè)事件能產(chǎn)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)的，除了非做不可的堅(jiān)決，還有， 時(shí)間。s time, your ideas are always special to clear. Want, want, line is clear, as if nothing could shake his. Also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at last. Dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot of love, there are a lot of miss, like shadow really have been doomed. Those who do, just green years oneself give oneself an arm injection, or is a selfrighteous spiritual. 一個(gè)人的時(shí)候，自己的想法總是特別地清晰。也曾經(jīng)好像已經(jīng)下定了決心去做某件事，但 更多的時(shí)候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。那些曾經(jīng)所謂的非做不可，只是青蔥年華里自己給自己注射的一支強(qiáng)心劑，或者說(shuō)，是自以為是的精神寄托罷了。 Those were broken into various shapes of stationery。 Have declared the end of the encounter that haven39。突然想到那件藍(lán)格子襯衫；那些被折成各種各樣形狀的信紙；那段從街角深巷伊始的友誼；還有那場(chǎng)還沒(méi)有開(kāi)始就宣告了終結(jié)的邂逅計(jì)劃 …… 那些年那些天的非做不可，終于和青春一樣，都將在我們的人生中謝幕。ll be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end. Skydiver preps for the big jump When he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound 690 mph (1,110 kph) in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him pletely. 4 If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes it39。t. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachut