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幾家代表性醫(yī)院檢驗科現開展檢驗項目課件-閱讀頁

2025-01-11 03:20本頁面
  

【正文】 on – Gasliquid chromatography of glucose metabolic end products for anaerobe identification. – Cell wall fatty acid analysis for speciation of nonfermenting or unmon isolates. – 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence analysis for identification. ? Toxin Testing – Staphylococcus aureus PantonValentine leukocidin – Shigalike toxins 1 and 2 – Clostridium difficile toxin by antigen and cytotoxic methods ? Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing and Monitoring – Agar dilution susceptibility testing (MIC) – Antibiotic bacteriocidal determination (MIC/MBC) – Antibiotic serum activity (Schlichter test MID/MBD) – Antibiotic synergy testing – Antibiotic serum level determinations – Molecular determination of antibiotic resistance genes – Methicillin resistance (mecA) – Vanycin resistance (vanA。 vanC) ? Molecular Epidemiology – Pulsedfield gel electrophoresis (PFGE) – Restriction fragmentlength polymorphisms (RFLP) ? EpsteinBarr virus (EBV) detection and quantification by PCR ? Parvovirus B19 PCR detection ? BK virus detection and quantification by PCR ? JC virus detection by PCR ? Cytomegalovirus (CMV) PCR detection ? VaricellaZoster virus (VZV) PCR detection ? Hepatitis C virus (HCV) quantification by PCR ? HCV genotype identification by direct sequencing ? Hepatitis B virus quantification by PCR ? Adenovirus detection by PCR ? Enterovirus detection by PCR ? High Risk HPV detection (HC2, Digene) ? Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Anaplasma phagocytophila (HGE agent) PCR detection ? Atypical pneumonia pathogen detection by PCR (Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, Chlamydia pneumoniae) ? Bacterial identification by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing ? Molecular epidemiology by PFGE or RFLP ? Staphylococcus enterotoxin and TSST1 gene and Shigalike toxin gene identification by PCR ? Bordetella pertussis PCR Detection ? Mycobacteriology ? Mycobacteria species identification and susceptibility testing, especially for patients with multiply resistant pathogens, is beyond the routine testing available in most hospital laboratories. The Johns Hopkins Hospital Mycobacteriology Laboratory offers the following testing: ? Culture/smear ? Speciation ? Mycobacterial blood culture ? Routine susceptibility testing for M. tuberculosis ? Susceptibility testing for select nonspecific mycobacteria upon request ? PCR for M. tuberculosis from smear positive respiratory (only) specimens ? Mycology ? Most clinical laboratories can only identify mon fungi, but the Hospital39。Gly145ARG。Thr126Ser+Gly145Arg。這種檢測只需要不到一個工作日的時間,可直接從少于 1ml全血中檢測,結果和 TSpot強相關,比 TsT更敏感,特異性高。這種方法和 TIGRA的原理一樣,都是用結核特異性抗原刺激 T細胞,然后檢測 IFNγ。 臨床路徑簡介 血細胞分析 血小板增多 持續(xù) 600*109/L 大于 450*109/L 其他檢查 血涂片形態(tài) 血小板增多 , 形態(tài)和大小多樣 ( 大小不均 ) , 可見巨大血小板和血小板聚集成團 、 成簇 , 可見巨核細胞碎片 。 無MDS證據 , 不符合CML、 真紅 、 分應性血小板增多癥 外鐵正常 巨核細胞增多 ,無明顯骨髓纖維化特征 Ph陰性BCR/ABL融合基因陰性 JAK2基因陽性 /陰性 綜合分析 提示原發(fā)性血小板增多癥 術后,尤其脾切除后 感染炎癥 惡性疾病 創(chuàng)傷 慢性炎癥 失血和缺鐵 使用 EPO類藥物和 ( 或 )化療后反跳 ICU重癥 反應性血小板增多癥 血清鐵蛋白正常,尿酸升高和假高鉀血癥,CRP、 Fib、和 ESR可正常,出血時間多正常 血小板增多癥的分析思路 中性粒細胞減少癥的分析思路 血細胞分析白細胞計數減低 中性粒細胞 1*109/L 兩系或全血細胞減少 高熱 38℃ 或感染癥狀 提示家族性中性粒細胞減少癥 提示感染 外周血涂片檢查細胞大小及形態(tài) 發(fā)現原始或異常細胞? 提示 VitB12 /葉酸缺乏癥 骨髓檢查 中性粒細胞減少 細胞形態(tài)是否正 常? 提示中性粒細胞破壞增加,中性粒細胞消耗增加,感染,外傷,組織壞死,脾亢 AA HIV 藥物相關 細胞毒性 T細胞 毒素介導的損傷 某些病毒感染 某些分枝桿菌感染 髓細胞發(fā)育不良 PNH 排查巨幼細胞貧血、急性白血病、髓細胞發(fā)育不良、淋巴瘤、毛細胞性白血病、腫瘤、骨髓纖維化等血液疾病 是 否 是 是 是 否 否 否 否 否 1*109/L中性粒細胞 2*109/L 提示藥物誘導性中性粒細胞減少 停用可疑藥物,藥物反應是否消失? 是否有用藥史? 繼發(fā)性中性粒細胞減少癥 是 是 是 VitB1葉酸結果低? 是 細菌培養(yǎng)陽性 是 提示理化損傷 是否接觸有毒物質? 是否有反復感染病史? 否 是 否 是否有慢性中性粒細胞減少癥的家族史? 慢性炎癥或自身免疫??? 否 排查先天性,假性中性粒細胞減少癥 是 是 是 是否有卵圓形大紅細胞或 MCV升高? 謝謝大家 ! 謝謝觀看 /歡迎下載 BY FAITH I MEAN A VISION OF GOOD ONE CHERISHES AND THE ENTHUSIASM THAT PUSHES ONE TO SEEK ITS FULFILLMENT REGARDLESS OF OBSTACLES. BY FAITH I BY FAITH
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